Wren Building Historical Report, Block 16 Building 3Literary References to Wren Building

Prentice Duell

1931

Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Library Research Report Series - 224
Colonial Williamsburg Foundation Library

Williamsburg, Virginia

1990

LITERARY REFERENCES TO WREN BUILDING.

BY
Prentice Duell

1931

This new collection of "Liberary References" represents one of the appendices of the proposed publication on the Wren Building. It includes all the references to the Wren Building which are known to date. Doctor Swem's Notes have been incorporated (With his permission) along with those collected by Miss Goodwin and Donald Miller: other references have also been included. Henceforth, the Quarterly and all other collections can be dispensed with; for convenience, the references which do not appear in Doctor Swem's Notes have been indicated as to their source.

I have arranged the notes in chronological order by days, months, years, under five headings which embrace the four buildings and the vaults. All references which have to do with the various persons buried in the Chapel, and all references to their epitaphs and monuments in the Chapel itself, are under the last named heading. It seemed me that such references stood apart from the others, which have wholly to do with the architecture and archaeology of the building. In at least one instance in Doctor Swem's Notes, namely that of the date of November 22, 1859 (p. 283), where the building and the vaults are both described, the portion relating to the latter has been lifted and with the same date placed under the heading, Vaults, while the remaining portion dealing with the building remains in place; in each case, the sources from which the note was taken have been given and a note in the margin indicates the arrangement.

These new Literary References, along with the Photographs, represent all the documentary evidence known to date in connection with the Wren Building.

I have arranged the notes in chronological order by days, months, years, under five headings which embrace the four buildings and the vaults. All references which have to do with the various persons buried in the Chapel.

PREFACE

This new collection of "Literary References" represents one of the appendices of the proposed publication on the Wren Building. It includes all the references to the Wren Building which are known to date. Doctor Swem's Notes have been incorporated (With his permission) along with those collected by Miss Goodwin and Donald Miller; other references have also been included. Henceforth, the Quarterly and all other collections can be dispensed with ; for convenience, the references which do not appear in Doctor Swem's Notes have been indicated as to their source.

I have arranged the notes in chronological order by days, months, years, under five headings which embrace the four buildings and the vaults. All references which have to do with the various persons buried in the Chapel, and all references to their epitaphs and monuments in the Chapel itself, are under the last named heading. It seemed to me that such references stood apart form the others, which have wholly to do with the architecture and archaeology of the building. In at least one instance in Doctor Swem's Notes, namely that of the date of November 22, 1859 (p. 283), where the building and the vaults are both described, the portion relating to the latter has been lifted and with the same date placed under the heading, Vaults, while the remaining portion dealing with the building remains in place; in each case, the sources from which the note was taken have been given and a note in 2 the margin indicates the arrangement.

These new "Literary References," along with the Photographs, represent all the documentary evidence known to date in connection with the Wren Building.

See: Note next page.

Prentice Duell

NOTE.

Since this collection of references was arranged several new ones have come to light and are published in the William and Mary Historical Quarterly, Second Series, Vol. X, No. 3, July, 1930; pp. 239-253. These new records should be included in this collection. The only other reference lacking here is that from the French edition of Beverley's History of Virginia which mentions the "refectory". The English reference, which is included herewith makes no mention of the refectory. (See reference of 1705, p. 24.)

Prentice Duell.

1.

INTR0DUCTI0N

The following references, almost without exception, have been reprinted from Doctor E. G. Swem's valuable compilation: "Some Notes on the Four Forms of the Oldest Building of William and Mary College," William and Mary College Historical Quarterly, Second Series, volume VIII, pp. 217-307, and from his subsequent "Supplementary Documents giving Additional Information Concerning the Four Forms of the Oldest Building of William and Mary College", William and Mary College Historical Quarterly, Second Series, volume X, pp. 68-86.

The notes were collected by Doctor Swem in connection with the Restoration of the Wren Building for the use of the President of the College, the Board of Visitors, and the architects and builders, with an idea of giving architectural information; there was no intention of presenting documents because they relate to the history of the College as an institution. References to the President's House and to the Brafferton House were included because these structures are directly related to the Wren Building itself; this applies likewise to the several out-houses, such as the kitchen, smoke-house, the servants' quarters, and stable. The notes consist for the most part of extracts from letters, manuscripts and the Faculty Minutes of the College.

In presenting his "Notes", Doctor Swem writes as follows:

"A careful examination has been made of the Minutes of the Faculty, and of the well-known sources containing references to the college. The minutes exist for the years 1729 to 1784, and 1817 to date . We have very little information about the period from 1784 to 2. 1817. The annual reports of the bursar exist from about 1801. They are so condensed, however, that there is very little information about the building … Correspondence has been carried on with alumni, now living, who were here [in college] before 1861, but without success in finding information on this subject… The editor has interviewed many of the old citizens of Williamsburg, and obtained from them most interesting notes about the city in its ante-bellum days, but nothing of consequence concerning the College building. Correspondence with the descendants of Professor Robert J. Morrison has not been productive of any manuscripts which he may have collected concerning the College. His manuscript volume of notes in the State Library has been known for many years, and has been used in this compilation. After much search in recent years, the editor has not been able to find the papers of Professor Silas Totten, nor of Eben Faxon, the architect who rebuilt the building burned in 1859. The personal and official papers of Colonel Benjamin S. Ewell were deposited some years ago in the College Library by his grand-daughter, Mrs. R. M. Crawford. They have been carefully examined, and much of importance from them has been reproduced in the present notes."

FIRST BUILDING
Foundation laid — August 8, 1695.
Building burned — October 29, 1705.

3

THE WREN BUILDING
FIRST BUILDING

July 25, 1695 — His Excellency was pleased to Acquaint the Councill, that Capt Miles Cary Rector of the College of William and Mary did inform him that the Committee had Appointed Thursday the Eight of August next for the laying the Foundation of the Said College and prayed his Excellencys Company at that time, His Excellency desired the Opinion of the Councill, what proper or Necessary on that Occasion, The Councill Informe his Excellency that they had noe Notice thereof but are of Opinion, that his Excellency haveing alwayes it will be now a further Encouragement to the Said worke, if his Excellency please to goe, and that the Gentlemen of the Councill will be ready to Attend him at the laying the Said Foundation, and Ordered Accordingly. Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia. July 25, 1695, Vol. 1, p. 334.

April 22, 1697 — Report of the Trustees of the College in Virginia to Sir Edmund Andros — May it please your Excellency — In Obedience to your Excellency's letter of the twenty-fourth of March last wee doe humbly certify to your Excellency that wee have carried on the building of two Sides of the designed Square of the Colledge (which was all wee judged wee had money to go through with) and have brought up the Walls of the Said 4 building to the roof which wee hope in a Short time will be finished, Coll. Ludwell having promised to shingle it upon Creditt we transmitt herewith the accounts of the Said building, and other Expences belonging to the Colledge by which it will appeare that wee have Expended one hundred and seventy pounds Eight Shillings two pence farthing more than wee have yet received which has been advanct by Some of our number…

We have founded a Grammar school which is well furnished with a good School-master, Usher and Writing-Master, in which the Scholars make great proficiency in their Studies to the General Satisfacon of their parents and guardians.

The work of the building and furnishing of the Colledge being now almost at a Stopp for want of money, we have desired Mr. President Blair to goe home for England to procure what assistance hee can towards the finishing of it.

Signed Steph. Fouace, Rector: Fr. Nicholson, Wm. Byrd, James Blair, Chas. Scarburgh, John Smith, Benj. Harrison, Miles Cary, Wm. Randolph, Matthew Page.

William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st Series, Vol. VII, pp. 171-173.

(Note: Swem Notes rearranged and quotation given as it appears in the original).

ACCOUNTS OF THE COLLEGE

The following exhibits the first accounts of the college down to April 16, 1697. These accounts were enclosed in the above letter addressed to Governor Andros by the "Governor and Visitors" appointed by the charter, and by Andros they 5. were sent to England, where the originals still rest in the public archives. The receipts consisted of 1,983 pounds, 14s. 10d. contributed by their Majesties William and Mary out of the quit-rents of the colony, and at that time in the hands of William Byrd; 300 pounds representing money obtained from the pirates, Davies, Hinson and Delawafer, voluntary donations to the extent of 897 pounds 3s. 6d., money collected from the grant in the charter of the penny per pound duty on all tobacco exported from Virginia and Maryland, amounting to 601 pounds 6s. 4¾d. The whole on hand at the time of the report from these different sources made 4,033 pounds 6s. 1d. The salaries of the president and grammar masters were chargeable against only the last two funds, and so appear in a paper separate from the general account.

Of course, the donations were only a small part of what was actually subscribed by private persons, and was afterwards paid in.

As appears from the letter to Governor Andros, only the front and one wing had been raised to the roof, which had yet to be put on; so that the expenditures represent only a part of the final cost.

It must be remembered that money was three or four times dearer in 1696 than it is now, so that Mr. Jefferson's estimate of the cost of erecting the main building, front and two wings, $162,000, was probably not far from correct. (See 6. Cabell and Jefferson Correspondence.)

Building Account
The College of William and Mary is Dr.
Poundss.d.
1694
To account of Stores from Mr. Perry & Co. in anno. 16921411811
To advance to workmen & other necessary disbursmts. in England paid Mr. Blair per his accot. 11th Febry, 1694131203
To necessary disbursmts. in Va. as drawing deeds for land Messages & brick-makers wages as per the said Mr. Blairs Account131706
To dyett for workmen Soceys Fees & other Small Disbursmts. as per Mr. Blairs Accot. the 9th of June, 1696161301
To Capt. Thomas Ballard for 330 acres of land whereon the College is built1700000
To Collo. Parke for Bricks at 14s per m.5470700
To Wm. Chiphead for Paveing Stone bought of Capt. Tregian1151407
To Clerks Sallary400000
To Collo. Wm. Brown for repairing the School house450000
To Accot. of Stores from Mr. Perry & Co., in anno. 16942430710
Octr. 19th, 1695
To paid labourers391909
To paid Workmens dyett130900
To paid Water Carriages & Messages001100
To paid Cartridge170000
7
To paid for three Cart horses one feather bed Some necessarie tooles for the use of the Colledge391705
To paid bricklayrs250009
To paid for Shells340710
To paid for sawyers work060200
April 21st, 1696
To paid Labourers350507
To paid for Shells081000
To paid for provisions371100
To paid for Severall Small necessaries for the Use of the Colledge071500
To paid for Cartridge051800
To paid for Dyett160505
To the Sallary of the Surveyor and Writing master and wages to bricklayers730000
May 4th 1696
To paid Labourers1110200
To paid for Messages000800
To paid Carpenters250109
To paid for Dyett021503
To paid for Corn091400
To paid Sawyers431003
To paid for rubbing Stones010100
To paid for Dutch Collars001200
To paid for two hogsheads000600
8
To Cartridge050500
To Cash advanced to Robt. Harrison the Carpenter200000
To Mr. James Sherlock for Copys 10 ordrs. of Councill021000
June 9th, 1696
To paid Labourers300901
To paid the Surveyors Salary250000
To paid for Shells261307
To paid Bricklayers240110
To paid for a horse & some Small necessaries041208
To Cartridge021202
20431804
Poundss.d.
To brought from the other side20431804
To paid Sawyers420209
August 26th, 1696
To paid Labourers701305
To paid for Shells711400
To paid for Cartridge131803
To paid Sawyers451400
To paid bricklayers270706
To Cash advanced to Robt. Harrison the Carpenter400000
9
To paid for levies for 2 hired bricklayers.000802
To brickmoulds001006
To paid for Cartwheeles020000
To paid for one hogshead & two Spades000200
Xbr. 18th, 1696
To paid Labourers1901711½
To paid for bricks410009¼
To paid for Shells271804½
To paid Sallary to the Surveyor Clerk & Surveyor2000000
To Cash advanced to the Carpenter600000
To paid Sawyers work2180207¾
To paid bricklayers1200311½
To paid for brick moulds000906
To paid for Cart wheeles020000
To paid Forridg & house hire000500
To paid for one Paile & 3 bed Cords000806
To paid for fodder010200
To paid for Corn110000
febry. 27th 1696-'7
To paid for tarr101010
To paid for drum lines001006
To paid Labourers161507½
To advancd to the Carpenters by bills of Exch.1000000
To Richd. Savage050809
10
To books Mapps & papers as per Accot321110
To the Seal of the Colledge450200
To Mr. Richd. Savage220000
To advancd to Thomas Hadley in England400000
To Geo. Cryer & Saml. Baker bricklayers.220000
To paid Mr. Perry for Postidge of Letters000505
To advancd to severall workmen in England per Mr. Perrys Accot1370000
To paid Mr. Mullikin Usher250000
To paid Mr. Ingles School master300000
To paid for Contracts with workmen001800
2 bricklayers passages140500
April 15, 1697
To shingles451403
To Cartridge471610
To Sawyers worke521000
38890101
Pr. Contra.Poundss.d.
By their Majs. Guift19831410
By Severall Donations in hands of the Treasurer5090000
By money obtained of the Privateers3000000
By Mr. Blakr for 201 li receid of Pococke 201 li Errour in Mr. Perrys accot400000
By Severall Donations in the hands of Mr. Perry &c. Viz:
Mr. Patrick Smith )060000
11
By Mr. Micajah Perry )500000
By Mr. Thomas Lane )500000
By Mr. Richd. Perry per George Richards. )500000
By a Guinea of Jeffery Jefferys Esq to buy Bloomes histry of the Bible. )011000
By the Governrs. of Marylands Excha )1000000
By Collo Ludwells Donation400000
By Mr. Fouace Donation100000
By Mr. Edwards in Cash for tobacco010206
By provision of the beefe per purveyr371100
31801804
CrPoundss.d.
Per brought from the other side31801804
Per ballance of the Accot of revenue5371503¾
37181307¾
Remanes due to ball this accot1700802¼
38890110

FRA. CLEMENTS Ck. Coll.

Vera Copia

The Colledge Revenue is Dr.
Poundss.d.
To bills paid to Mr. President Blair in Collo Byrds accot. for one year & a halfe Sallary preceeding — march 1694-'5 the first year at one hundred pounds afterwards at one hundred & fifty per anum — according to order1750000
To bills in Coll Byrds accot to Mr. Mongo Ingles700000
12
To Ditto in Mr. Perry's accot being for one year & a half Sallary at 80 li per anm as before500000
To paid Mr. Craddock100000
To Mr. Benjn Harrison for the Charge of laying out the tenn thousand acres of land on the South Side black water Swamp091106
3141106
To the ballance of this accot of the Revenue, carried to accot Creditt of the building5371503
8520609
Pr. Contra. Cr
1695, 6 June — 25 Octr.
By Coll Jennings accot of furrs & skinns in 1695030607
By Collo Hills Ditto2100802
By Collo Lear Ditto370507
By Collo Hill on the Penny per pound890909
By Col Lear Ditto1001506¾
By Maryland as per Mr. Perrys accot Viz:
On Mr. Peter Pagan1640400
Ditto on Davy Donnys400000
Ditto pd in Cash as per Mr. Blairs Accot031804
13
Ditto for the year 1696
James Brownes Excha081100
Geo. Muschamp Excha090000
By Geo. Plater's Excha600000
By Ditto Excha7702091541309
Ditto per Geo. Muschamp Exchange480500
8520609¾

Endorsed. Virginia E. The Colledge Wm & Mary's
Acct Transmitted by Sr
Edm. Andros the 22th April 1697

Recd 21th June)
1697
Read 20th Augt.)
Ented. fol. 58

-William and Mary College Quarterly, 1st series, vol. VIII, pp, 166-171.
December 27, 1697 — Blair: My Lord, this Committee was made up of the Rector and five or six of the Governors of the College that lived nearest the place, who met usually once a month at the College to inspect the carrying on of the Building… Upon this I spake to Mr. Hadley, the Surveyor of our Building, who was pretty well in favor with the Governor and desired him to wait upon his Excellency and to let him know that Colonel Byrd had acquainted me with His Excellency's design of giving Bricks for the Chapel, and 14 that I was in hopes the Governors of the College should have heard something of it at their last Meeting, for it was only they that could determine whether they could carry up the Chapel together with the rest of the Building; But since nothing was said of it to them I desired that Mr. Hadley would try whether His Excellency would give him leave to propose it to them at their next meeting. The Answer Mr. Hadley brought me was, that the Governor still talked of giving the Bricks, but that he found he was not willing that I should meddle with it at all … I urged Mr. Hadley to wait upon the Governor again and to represent to him that the Season of the year was so far advanced that if the Bricks were not made very speedily they could not be made that year and therefore begged of him that if he would not give me leave to make the proposition to the Committee, that he would employ him to whom he had talked so much of this gift to do it that we might order the Bricks to be made with all expedition … but Mr. hadley told me with an abundance of joy that he had now got leave from the Governor to make the proposition about the Bricks to the next Committee. And accordingly at the next Committee where I was present, he acquainted the Governors of the College that he had Orders from His Excellency to propose to them that if they would carry up the Chapel together with the rest of the Building, he would pay for the Bricks that should go to the Building of the Chapel at the rate 15 they had given to Colonel Park for their other Bricks, viz: 14 sh. a thousand. Upon this proposition the Governors of the College presently ordered more Brickmakers to be set to work and appointed two of their number, viz: one Mr. Edwards and myself, to wait upon the Governor next day to return him their hearty thanks for his generous proffer and to acquaint him that they had resolved immediately to comply with it and for that end had set up another Stool of Bricks and would lay the foundation of the Chapel with all expedition. -A True Account of a Conference at Lambeth, Dec. 27, 1697. — Perry, Hist. Collections Colonial Church, Virginia, pp. 55, 56.
December 27, 1697 — Blair … So that, my Lord, with much ado we have got the roof on but half of the Building, the other half we have not meddled with, and how we shall finish what we have built I cannot tell. -A True Account of a conference at Lambeth, Dec. 27, 1697. —Perry, Hist. Collections Colonial Church, Virginia, page 44.
April 24, 1700 — The Trustees and Govenours of the Colledge of William and Mary in Virginia having made an offer to His Excellency and the Councill of whatsoever Roomes within the said Colledge shall be wanted for the use of the Country to hold their Generall Meetings and Assemblyes till the Capitoll be built and fitted for that purpose, it is thereupon resolved and accordingly ordered, that the present Generall Court (at the end thereof) shall be adjourned to sitt at 16 the said Colledge in October next. —Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia, at James Citty, April 24, 1700, vol. 11, p. 61.
May 22, 1700 — ORDERED: That the Commander in Chief of the Militia and the Sheriff of James City County (by such means as they think Cheapest and easiest do cause six of the smallest Pieces of Ordnance now at James Town to be carryed to the City of Williamsburgh together with the great Shott and all other things belonging to the Gunners Stores (except the powder) the said Pieces of Ordnance and the Shott to be laid down upon or near the place designed for building the Capitoll and the other things to be lodged in some Convenient place in the Colledge of William and Mary in Virginia. Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia. May 22, 1700, vol 11, p. 74.
May 27, 1700 — We have agreed that (God willing) after next Xmas the President shall go & live in the College, the Latin Master, Usher & Writing Master, & so many scholars as are willing, to board there; and Mr. President Blair hath undertaken for the first year to provide for their accommodation; & by this opportunity of the fleet, necessaries for the Kitchen, Pantry, &c., are to be sent for.
—Gov. Nicholson to the Archbishop of Canterbury, May 27, 1700. —Perry, Hist. Collections Colonial Church, Virginia, p. 120.
July 23, 1700 — ITEM: You shall acquaint them that this 17 next Summer the rooms will be made ready at the College for their reception & accommodation & that if any one Great nation will send 3 or 4 of their children thither, they shall have good, valuable clothes, books & Learning & shall be well look'd after both in health & sickness & when they are good scholars, shall be sent back to teach the same things to their own people. Let the children be young, about 7 or 8 years of age, seeing they are to be taught from the first beginning of letters & let them have a careful Indian man of their own country to wait upon them & to serve them & to talk continually with them in their own language that they do not forget it, whilst they are amongst the English. —Gov. Nicholson to the Archbishop of Canterbury, July 23, 1700. —Perry, Hist. Collections Colonial Church, Virginia, p. 125.
Sept. 4, 1700 — Upon reading his Excellency's Letter to Mr. Auditor Byrd of the 22th of August 1700, & Mr . Auditor Byrd's answer thereunto of the 25th of August, 1700, concerning a true Roll of his Majesties Rents it is thought most proper to be done at or after the removeing the Records to William & Mary Colledge, and that the Secretary and Deputy Secretary take care to make up & perfect a Genll. Rent Roll: Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia, Sept. 4, 1700. Vol. 11, p. 107.
October 17, 1700 — AT HIS Majesties Royal College of William and Mary the 17th day of October 1700 in the 12th year of his Majesties Reign &c. Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia, Oct. 17, 1700.

*This was the first meeting of the Council at the College.

18
December 18, 1700 — A Message being sent from the house of Burgesses by Wm. Leigh Gent, and others who presented his Excellency and the Councill with the Resolve of the house that the Records of this Government which still Remaines at James City be, with all Convt. Expedition Removed from thence to the place appointed for keeping the Secretaries office in his Majties. Royall College of William and Mary adjacent to the City of Williamsburgh and that the Records and Papers belonging to the house of Burgesses and Now Lodged at James City be also with like Convt. Expedition Removed from thence and placed in the Chamber appointed for the clk: of the house of Burgesses in the aforesaid College his Excell: and the Councill upon Reading thereof Concur with the house in that Resolve and the honorable Edmund Jenings, Esqr. Deputy Secry. is Required to Cause the same to be done with all Convt. Speed . —Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia — December 18, 1700 — Vol. 11, p. 118.
May 8, 1701 — ORDERED: That a full Councill be held at his Majtis. Royall College of William and Mary the ninth day of June next Matters of great weight soe requiring, and it is ordered that Notice thereof be given to the honorable Mr. Auditor Byrd Charles Scarburgh and John Custis, Esqrs. that they may be here present . Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia — May 8, 1701 — Vol. 11, p. 142.
19

August 7, 1701 — Ordered that John Sincock be sent for in custody of the Messenger to answer his misdemeanor in coming down private stairs into the House and passing through when the House was sitting.

Upon reading his humble petition, he was sharply reprimanded and then discharged, paying fees.

— Journals of the House of Burgesses of Virginia, August 7, 1701.
November 11, 1701 — ORDERED That a full Council be held at his Majestys Royal College of William and Mary on Wednesday the 11th day of March next. —Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia —November 11, 1701 — Vol. 11, p. 219.
July 13, 1702 — My Lord, I have enclosed an extract of the design of our College, with my opinion of what may be expected, from the chancellor thereof in obedience to your Grace's commands. —Mr. Blair to the Archbishop of Canterbury, July 13, 1702. —Perry, Hist. Collections Colonial Church, Virginia, p. 126—
1702 — As can be seen from the drawing, the college has three balconies. On the uppermost were the buglers from the warships, on the second, oboes and on the lowest violinists, so that when the ones stopped the others began. Sometimes they all played together. When the proclamation of the King's death was to be made they played very movingly and mournfully. —Report of the Journey of Francis Louis Michel from Berne, Switserland to Virginia, October 2, 1701 — December 1, 1702. —Virginia Magazine of History — Vol. XXIV, p. 126.
1702 — … The fire-works were very expensive, but there was not much diversion for one who had seen much more than these. I had taken my place in the highest part of the tower in the [college] building, whence the best outlook was to be had by day and night. As it was eleven o' clock at night and my lodging place was two miles away, being also compelled to pass over a miserable, misleading 20 road, I stayed up there over night, although I was afraid that, if somebody should find me there, it might be misinterpreted of me, being a stranger, but no one came. When day dawned, I left the building without anybody noticing me. —Report of the Journey of Francis Louis Michel from Berne Switzerland to Virginia, October 2, 1701 — December 1, 1702.
1702 — … about a fortnight before Christ. 1702 while I lodged in the College, I heard the School boys about 12 o' clock at night, a driving of great nails, to fasten & barracade the doors of the Grammar School. I was mightily surprised at it for we had banished this custom & it was quite left off for some years. I made haste to get up & with the assistance of 2 servant men, I had in the College, I had almost forced open one of the doors before they sufficiently secured it, but while I was breaking in, they presently fired off 3 or 4 Pistols & hurt one of my servants in the eye with the wadd as I suppose of one of the Pistols, while I press'd forward, some of the Boys, having a great kindness for me, call'd out, "for God's sake sir don't offer to come in, for we have shot, & shall certainly fire at any one that first enters." The further Affadavit of James Blair, Clerk, concerning Gov. Nicholson's Mal-Administration, with relation to the Clergy, the College, & Himself.
—Perry, Hist. Collections Colonial Church, Virginia, page 137 .
21
1704 — … I would be Sorry to tell of his opposing my having a chamber at the School & of his Backwardness to get it fitted up, notwithstanding the care of it was Recommended to him & Mr. Fouace, & unless I had stir'd in it myself & provided both Laths, Lime, hair & a plasterer, I had gone without it notwithstanding the order of the College for it, & when I had provided all these things & had advanced Most of the money for them it was not without a great deale of trouble that I could get him in the humour either to Reimburse me or pay the Rest of the charges, & when I was got into my Chamber at the School & prayed for the use of the porch Chamber for my Servant to Ly in & put my things out of the way, that my Chamber might not be pestered with them, he Crowded a Mechanick into it tho he told me in England that I & each of the Masters should have each of us a whole house & Garden to ourselves.
—Virginia Magazine of History and Biography — Vol. IX, p. 153-54. —Reply to Blair's Answer to my Reasons for Quitting the College.—By Mungo Ingles.
1704 — It was but the Christmas before that the Boys acted the same Farce, and let your memory be never so bad, you must needs remember one remarkable passage at that time, when you threatened to kick Mrs. Young down the Kitchen-Stairs because she had provided Victuals for the Boys, which she was obliged to do, by virtue of her office, for she kept the College-Table, and you put her into such a Fright (by your minacing Looks and by Shaking and Shoving 22 her as she stood on the Top of the Stairs.) —From A Modest Answer to a Malicious Libel, in manuscript 1704, p. 5. — Copy in library of William and Mary College.
1704 — I expected to have heard something of leaving it to his Excellency to determine, how he would have Mr. Blair shot through a seven and twenty Inch thick Brick Wall and barricaded doors; —From A modest Answer to a Malicious Libel, in Manuscript 1704, p. 5 — Copy in library of William and Mary College.
May 1, 1704 — … As I was asleep in bed with my wife in my Chamber, in the College, between one & two in the morning, a maid who lay in a Closet just by heard somebody a opening the door of the outer room & after he had turned the lock of it, come quite thro' to our chamber door, after he had endeavoured to turn that lock likewise, but could not (for it was double locked & the key within) then with all the force he had, he shook that door so violently, as if he had designed to break it open, & this making a very great noise (for it was a thin pair of folding doors), awaked my wife & me, & we both call1d out "who's there?" & I called to the maid to light a candle; for it was in Winter towards the end of January. —The further Affadavit of James Blair, Clerk, concerning Gove. Nicholson's mal-Administration, with relation to the Clergy, the College & Himself. May 1st, 1704. - Perry, Hist. Collection Colonial Church, page 138.
May 1, 1704 — I have heard him swear that he would seize the College 23 for the King's use, & he crowded into it, the Secretary's office, the Clerk of the Councill's Office, the Clerk of the house of Burgesses' office & all their lodgings, with himself & all the Committees, & had all his public treats in their hall to the great disturbance of the College business. As to the finishing part of the College, he did so excessively hurry it on for those several uses, that partly by the Plank & timber being green & unseasoned & partly by employing a great number of unskilled workmen to comply with his haste, it was shamefully spoilt, & at the same time by giving excessive wages to those workmen, who knew how to make advantage of his impatience & by seve1al unnecessary additions of his own invention, without the direction of the Governors of the College, their money was all spent & they were brought 500 pounds in debt. —The further Affadavit of James Blair, Clerk, concerning Gov. Nicholson's mal-Administration, with relation to the Clergy, the College, & Himself. —Perry, Hist. Collections Colonial Church, Virginia, page 134.
May 1, 1704 — … He himself has been the forwardest to throw abuses on the College, particularly he railed against the buildings, tho' extraordinary good for that country & entered a public Protest against it in the College records. —The further Affadavit of James Blair, Clerk, concerning Gov. Nicholson's mal-Administration, with relation to the Clergy, the College, & Himself. May 1st, 1704. —Perry, Hist. Collections Colonial Church, Virginia, page 133.

1705 — 43 — The building is to consist of a quadrangle, two 24 sides of which are not yet carried up. In this part are convenience, of cooking, brewing, baking, &c., and convenient rooms for the reception of the president and masters, with any more scholars than are as yet come to it. In this part are also the hall and school room.

44 — The College was intended to be an intire square when finished. Two sides of this were finished in the latter end of Governor Nicholson's time, and the masters and scholars, with the necessary housekeepers and servants, were settled in it, and so continued till the first year of Governor Nott's time, in which it happened to be burnt (nobody knows how) down to the ground, and very little saved that was in it, the fire breaking out about ten o' clock at night in a public time.

… In this condition it lay till the arrival of Colonel Spotswood, their present governor, in whose time it was raised again the same bigness as before, and settled.

— Beverley, Robert — History of Virginia, pp. 215-16. (Campbell's ed. pub. by Randolph, 1855.)

1704(?) Memorandum of Several faults in the Building of Wm. and Mary Colledge wch. have proved dangerous and prejudicial to the sd. Building.

All the chimneys in the 2d story are scarce big enough for a Grate whereas the only firring in this Country being wood, a fire cant be made in them without running the hazard of its falling on the floor as it once happened in the rooms where the Sectys. 24-a. office was kept, a log tumbling out of the Chimney sott the floor on fire and had it not been timely discovered might have burnt down the building the Chimney in the School hath pine Joysts laid into the hearth so that one of the Sd. Joysts took fire, but being timely discovered the danger was prevented. The chimney over the Hall hath one of the principal Girders runing through the middle of the hearth whereby no use can be made of it. The hearth in the Councill chamber had some plank laid just under it insomuch that at Christmas 1702, a constant fire being kept there, the wood under the hearth took fire and was almost all consumed before it was discovered. The ovens were made within the Kitchen but when they were heated the smoke was so offensive that it was found necessary to pull them down and build others out of doors.

The drain cost above 100 li. and is so ill contrived that there is no desent whereby the water Stagnating is very offensive to the Smell and corrupts the water in wells so that both are useless unless just after the drain has been cleaned .

—Unsigned document among copies of the papers of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, Library of Congress.

1705 Testimony to the Burning of the College of William and Mary … … … be swept since last Spring as there was occasion for it but the time of its being swept last the Deponent cannot exactly remember & there hath been no use made of the kitchen since Mr. Ingles left the college at Michaelmas. As to the shutting of the College gates 25 they used generally to be shutt at night, both in the time of Mr . Blair and Mr. Ingle's keeping the college and since the latters leaving the College this Deponent hath shutt them several nights but cannot say they were always shut at night. As this to the best of the Deponent's knowledge and remembrance is the truth .

Henry Randolph being one that lodged in the College of William & Mary at the time of its being burnt doth testify that he was then in bed asleep, and one that lay in bed with him cryed out the College is on fire, which awaked him, and looking up he saw the fire coming over the brick wall into his room & so starting out of bed he ran down a back pair of stairs, into the great hall and opened the door and ran out, and when he had got about sixty or seventy yards he looked back, and all the roof of the College was on fire to his thinking.

George Burton, painter, saith that he lay in the Countrys houses at the Capitol on the 29th of October last at night. That after he had heard the Capitol Clock strike Eleven, one Wm. Craig cryed out the College was on fire, Whereupon the Deponent got out of bed, and seeing the light he ran out to the Street which fronts the College and saw the fire to his thinking on the North side of the Cupula, then the Deponent with several other persons that were at work about the Capitol went up to the College, but before he got up the fire was got round the Cupula and it for the 26. most part is consumed.

Collo. Edward Hill being one who lodged in the College saith as follows:
On Monday last, about 9 o' clock I went to bed in Mr. Speaker's Chamber which was in the South end of the College (in which place I have laine since the Sitting of the Assembly untill the College was unhappily burnt), I had not been long in bed as I presume (for about 12 o' clock I look'd on my watch & then the College was almost consumed) when I was awakened as I suppose by some noise made by two or 3 persons I found standing at some distance from the College towards a little house called as I understand the Smoak house upon my first coming out. Being so awakened I got up out of my bed and put on my breeches (I think no other clothes) opened a little door that goes out of the speaker's Chamber into the piazzas, & so ran out of the South door, what part of the stairs I went down I cannot remember, but as soon as I was out I looked up to see what was the matter. Seeing a great light I did suppose the College was on fire, but not seeing any fire as I look'd up I cast my eyes towards the Smoke house or Westerly as I take it, and saw two or 3 people which I did suppose to be those people that belonged to Mr. Ingles, and which I understood sometime before to have lodged in the Sellar, those people I observed was standing looking towards that part that was called the Hall, and as soon as I faced that building 27 to the best of my remembrance I saw a light fire about one third to one half from the East end of the building called the Hall about half of the roof. I did not look narrowly whether there was any fire in any other part of the building, but it's very probably there might be about the joining on of the roofs, I mean the North end. As soon as I was satisfyed the College was on fire I made haste back into the Chamber and looking around considering what most valuable to save. I pitched on my Chest, and by myself drag'd it out by one end into the piazzas and from thence out of the South door and at some little distance I left the Chest, and then returned once more back into the room and from the Chamber where I lay took out a sword that was in the window and somethings else but what I can't remember, but before I came out I went into the Closet (and to the of my remembrance the Closet door was open) and from thence took out a portmanteau & a sadle and Silver tankars and went out of the same door as I did at first, and carryed those things I had in my arms and on my back, almost as far as the road that cross going to John Young's, but if I remember well I had like to be knock'd on the head with something flung out of a window at the South end. After my return from Securing these things, I last carried out I saw Mr. Henry Lightfoot about the South end and got him to help me move my chest which I had left at my first coming out, at that time I remember (I think not sooner) 28 the Cupulo was all on fire and several people about the College. To the best of my remembrance I saw no more than 2 or 3 persons at the South end when I first came out, I did not go to the front until the Cupulo was on fire, and to the best of my remembrance the Cupulo was not on fire when I first came out of the chamber. When I went to bed there was a little fire in my chimney. Mr. Speaker was not in bed there that night, and the best of my remembrance this is what I know of that unhappy fire, and further that when I rose out of my bed I heard no noise like the firing of a chimney.

Wm. Young of Bruton parish planter saith:
That on the 29th of Oct. last he came from Capt. Keelings house at Skimino and between ten and 11 o' clock at night past by the College where he preceived no light, but a small shimmering in the kitchen. The Deponent rode towards Colo. Jennings quarter almost as far as the great poplar on the road side, and then preceiving a light shine about him, he turned his horses head and saw a great smoke and a small flame towards the back part of the College towards the piazzas as nigh as he can guess, it seemed to be midway between the south end of the College and the cupulo, he rode back to Mr. Young's and called out thrice to alarm the people, telling the College was on fire … During which time as the Deponent sat there on horse back he saw three men running about 30 yards distance from 29 the College gate towards Mr. Henry Tyler's, and saw them run cross the road beyond the little thicket, they seemed to be persons in pretty good apparrell, two of them had dark colored clothes & the other light colored & all had hatts, but the Deponent did not see these persons return. At last a woman came out of Mr. Young's house and cryed fire! fire! Then the Deponent alighting tyed his horses at Mr. Young's and went from thence to ye College where several people were got before him and particularly Mr. Young's servt. maid. When he came there he remembers a gent. in black, standing by the College, whom he thought to be Mr. Whateley, he then saw the fire get about the cupulo, and the back side of the roof over the piazzas seemed to be all on fire, but did not go to the back part of the building till after the smoke house was on fire which was late.

William Eddings, overseer to Mr. Commissary Blair, Saith:
That on Monday the 29th of Oct. after he was gone to bed he heard the dogs bark in his corn field, and his wife getting up to see what was the matter, and telling him there were horses in his corn field, he made a shift to get up, tho' he was very lame and as he comes out he perceived a light in the air and a great smoke, and the light increasing he perceived the College was on fire and could see clearly the chimneys and the cupulo, between the two chimneys on the back part of the college over the piazzas, but the Deponent being very lame could not go to the college. And further saith not.

30

November the 8th, 1705 — John Young, ordinary keeper in Williamsburg, saith:
That on the 29th of October last, he was awakened out of bed by his Servant maid Susanna Hooper, telling him the College was on fire, whereupon he got up and saw a great light but staid till he had put on his Cloaths and then running to the College to the best of his remembrance the Cupulo was then on fire, and further saith not.

Susanna Hooper, Servant John Young, sworn, saith:
That on the 29th of October last, as she was in Mr. Young's kitchen at night, one Young called at the door crying out the College is on fire, why don't you get up and save yr selves, else you'll be burnt. Whereupon this Deponent look'd out and saw the College on fire as she supposed on the south and near Mr. Young's house between that & the Cupulo. …

While she was calling the sd. gentlemen, the above named Young came into the kitchen and sate down there.

The Deponent look'd out at the window of a Room on the North end of Mr. Young's house above stairs where Capt. West lay, and perceived the fire on the south side of the Cupulo and the Cupulo was not then on fire.

John Marot, Ordinary Keeper, sworne, saith :
That on the 29th of Oct. last at night he was in his house, he saw a great light shine through his window, and going out he perceived the roof of the College on the North 31 Side of the Cupulo to be on fire, whereupon he ran in and told some gentlemen who were there in his house, who all came out and went to the college, as the Deponent believes. The Deponent … after them, looking upon the College and then the fire was got on both sides of the Cupulo.

Captain Thomas Barber saith:
That on the 29th of Oct. last, as he was in bed at night in one of the Country's houses near the Capitol, he was awakened by Mr. Miles Cary, who called out the College was on fire. Whereupon the Deponent got up, and running out towards the street saw the fire, as he thinks, round the Cupulo, but doth not remember whether any other part was on fire.

Williamsburg, November, 1705 — Upon further consideration of some questions asked me ( Upon my examination the other day concerning the unhappy accident of the College being burnt,) relating to the great hall of the College, I am apt to think that soon after I came down to the South end of the said College as I was running to and fro in my fright and hurry, moving things thrown out of the windows. I once see the south side of the roof of the said Hall on fire, but I cannot be positive whether I did or not.
—C. C. Thacker.

— Virginia Magazine of History, Vol. VI, pp. 272-277.
32.
December 22, 1705 — Letter from Mongo Ingles to Coll. Francis Nicholson.

Virga: December the 22d: 1705.

Sr:
'Tho your Excy: (I doubt not) understood before you left Virginia how most of our Ellects: went yet 'twas hardly possible for you to imagine what little mean shifts were made and base and unworthy designes set on foot by the heads of the Party in very many Counties loath to traduce and scandalize your Excy: your friends and Governmt: And also to persuade excite and stir up the People to ellect sevll: of their own creatures which in too many places had the desired effect: Sr: I shall not undertake to give you an account of their proceedings after they met knowing you will be much better informed by some of the worthy members themselves so shall only observe that the party takeing their advantage went into the House the day of the return of your writt and after twas darke by the light only of an inch of candle contrived to place B. H: in the Chair who next day was pleased to bestow another on his younger Bro: in the Committee of Ellect: and Priviledges which has usually been filled with one of the most judicious most moderate and best experience members— Sr: I have inclosed a Coppy of the Govrs. speech at the opening of Assembly which will let your Excy: into the business that was layd before 'em as also a coppy of a paper read at the barr last Genll. Courts by R. B: Genl: (as he stiles himself)… foreman of the Grand Jury in which he gives us a slight touch of the continuances of his ill humors but on the 30th of 33. October the College being most unfortunately burnt the night before his folly malice falshood and ingratitude seem'd to be arrived to their highest pitch for in a discourse of that unhappy fire in company with about nine or ten others among which were Mr. Wheatly and Mr. Wharton he openly said that he that burnt Mr. Page's houses burnt the Colledge—and that your Excy: burnt Mr. Page's houses for which most horrid and false aspersion I hope he may in good time reap the benefit. The assembly being now adjourned to the 24th of April have not perfected any one thing that I know, tho many bills have been sent from the House of Burgesses to the Councill among which is the Militia Bill the same I suppose that was sent to the Councill in your time (among others) this amendment was then made That instead of the Inhabitants being formed into Troops and Companies at the discretion of the Commanders in Chief of every County it should be at the discretion of the Governr: or Commander in Chief for the time being. This amendmt: seemd reasonable to the Major part of the House—now but Questions ariseing about some addition to the amendmt: they resolved into a Grand Committee of the whole House where after long debate and many reasonings and arguments by all your Excys: friends to the Contrary 'twas at length carried by the other side that these words should be added— (with the advice of the Councills ) on which i need not inlarge res ipsa loquitur. Sr: I have heard that of the last month there met together at Williamsburg 11: or 12: of the Trustees and Governors of the Colledge but did not pretend to doe anything the Major Part being of opinion they could not choose a Rector till the time appointed by the Charter if then and without a Rector they were no Boddy 34. And having this occasion to speak of the well designed but unfortunate foundations on which your Excys: bounty and benificence were almost continually imployed I shall inform you what I observed at and since that dreadfull fire being early present at it and also heard the severall Persons that could give any evidence thereabout sworn and examined before the Committee. It is agreed by all that it took fire on Munday the 29th of October some thing after 11: a Clock at night tho the agreement in that is not more Genll. than the disagreement and contradiction about the manner how it began the place where, whether it was set on fire or took fire by accident with many other circumstances tho for my own part I make not the least doubt but that it broak out at the South end and proceeded from the Chimney of Mr. Blair's chamber takeing fire some of the soot falling on the shingles of the roofe at that time very dry and the Chimney foule My Reasons are cheifly these

First there was no fire that night nor for some time before but in the kitchen chimney Mr. Wheatly and that and Mr. Wheatly being at the time reading before a very small fire in his own Chimney was surprized with a roaring noise which at first he took for wind but afterwards thought it to be a Chimney on fire which could not possible be the kitchin or his own but he must very easily have perceived it the Chimneys meeting and going out in one common funnel. Secondly after Mr. Wheatly had assured himself by steaping up the staires that the South end of the roof was on fire he soon awakened all that Lodged in the Colledge unless Coll. Hill who lay in Mr. Blair's Chamber with the Speaker and is supposed to have been awake and a little before having carried forth several things 35 out of his chamber before any of the other lodgers came down staires which is a second argumt. for the fires beginning in his chimney it being otherwise very unlikely that he wholly on this lower most flower should be the first acquainted with the fire in the roof unless the noise and burning of his own Chimney had informed him of this fire

Thirdly When by Mr. Wheatly noise Mr. Thacker and Harry Lightfoot who lay at the South end of the building were affrighted and so soon as Mr. Thacker opened the dore where Mr. Secretary's office was formerly kept the lead of the melted gutter dropt upon his cloaths which is another argument of the fires breaking out at the South end and which his is farther cleard by his and the rest getting safely down staires and Mr. Hambleton who lay in Mr. Robertson's Chamber which is near the north end of the building his running up twice after he came down and bringing severall thing out of Mr. Robertson's Chamber with him even after Mr. Thacker and Mr. Wheatly were by violence of the fire forced from theirs all which seems inconsistant and impossible if the fire (as some vainly dream) should have began at the north end for then must the staires have been wholy burnt (standing as your Excy: well knows) in the Middle of the Pile before it could have melted the lead which dropt on Mr. Thacker at the South end.

Fourthly Harry Randolph and two other boys who lay with him in the northermost Chamber in the very roof must have perished if the fire had broak out there but blessed be God they very happily saved themselves by the small staire that descended 36 down into the Gallery into the Hall after they had tried the other way and saw the great staires and all beyond 'em in a flame and tis generally agreed these boys were the last that came out of the College being esteemd utterly lost by their friends and relations who much bewailed 'em till they perceived their happy escape and deliverance.

I shall not trouble your Excellency nor myself with narrating the Crooked and inconsistent acct: thats given by some to induce a belief that the College was either willfully sett on fire or else that it took fire at the north end since all the incoherent stories thats patched together for the end is purely advanced to divert the blow and take of the blame that must unavoidably fall upon Mr. Blair for letting his Chamber to Coll. Hill and his Brother if that which I have before demonstrated be allowed. But Doubts not when your Excy: sees all the Depositions & Compares 'em with what is before related you will find sufficient cause to be of my opinion but much more if you were acquainted with many other Circumstances too long to be here inserted. I understand the Governr. has lately layed the list of the Navall Officers before the Councill who have made objections against three of them being continued (viz) Coll. Wilsons Majr. Allan & Coll. Corbin to the first I understand tis objected his being a great trader and his takeing unlawfull fees to Majr: Allen he was put in without advise of Councill lived inconvient and Executed his Office by a Deputy Coll Corbin that he was Agent for the Royall African Company and took exorbitant and unlawful fees and there was liberty given 'em all to justifie themselves at the next meeting of the Councill but 37 Maj. Allen being in town when this order was made was able to answer all the objections and petition'd his Excy: to be immediately heard but 'twas referred to a fuller Councill tho there were seven then sitting. What will be further done in it I at the present know not but believe if your excellency have not already done it it will be of great advantage to 'em all if you can obtain for them the Lords Comiss: letters of approbation.

I most heartily wish your Excy. Health & prosperity remaining with all faithfullness
Your
Most Humble Servant …

For
Coll. Francis Nicholson
Sr: I have happily obtained copies of the order of Councill against Majr. Allen and his Petition thereupon both which are inclosed .

—Copies of the papers of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, Library of Congress. The letter is not-signed in the copy.
December 24, 1705 — Letter from Governor Nott to the Council of Trade and Plantations, dated Virginia, December 24, 1705 . I am sorry that I must give your Lordships the melancholy news of the burning of William and Mary College. On October 29th, between 11 and 12 o' clock at night, a fire broke out there, wch. was got to that height before it was discovered, that it was impossible to save it, the building, Library and furniture was in a small time totally consumed. A committee of the Council and Burgesses have taken diverse examinations about it, but nothing can be gathered by 38. what accident it came to be fired. I cannot tell what course will be taken to retrieve this misfortune; the Gentlemen who are concerned in the management of the Colledge having not mett to anything in it by reason of the want of a Rector, Col. Nicholson, the present Rector, being out of the country, and they not having power to make a new election till next Lady Day. —Calendar State Papers—(?)
September 20, 1707. Letter to Governor Nicholson (who was in London) from Mongo Ingles .

Honrd. Sr:
This comes by Capt. Motes, who has promised to take a particular Care of it, with whom I have drank your health, and which I had the Honour to drink with all the Governors to the Northward, Coll. Seymour, Coll. Evens, Coll. Ingoldsby, and My Lord Cornbury which we drank with a great deal of affection and Respect. My Lord drank it to me at Mr. Meayer's Feast and saw it go round both Tables, and when he drank to me he told me, He knew not what we did in Virginia, but that they always remembered their Friends and Particularly Coll. Nicholson, I answer'd his Lordship that the same was done by all honest Gentlemen in Virginia. My Business in New York was to recover a Debt of Capt. Tengrelow which he very honestly paid and withall to see these parts of the Continent. The chief Design of this is to acquaint you with a Motion which is lately come into my head, about a better Discovery of the Fatal Destruction of Her Majesties' Royall College, which lyes still burned under its own ashes; but I must in the first place ask pardon for renewing the Unspeakable Grief for its most Unhappy Fate! There 39. has been a Superficial Inquiry into it, but in my opinion there wants a Melius Inquirendum. Mr. Commissary Blair and his Party were the Chief Inquisitors, and made it their business, either to confound the Evidence with a multitude of idle questions, or to divert them from all such discoveries as they saw would give a true light into the Source and original of the fire: and some when ready to be given in, in writing, they rejected as not Necessary, particularly Capt. Nathaniel West, I have it from his own mouth, that after he had drawn it up (by their own order, alleaging that he could not express himself so well extempore) and had shewen it to Coll. Hill, and Hill had whispered into one of the Inquisitors, they told Mr. West that there was no need of his Evidence (for it plainly discovered that it began in that end where Coll. Hill & Mr. Harrison lodged, and not in the North end as Mr. Commissary gives it out, on purpose to divert peoples eyes and thoughts from the South end, but the singular and Notorious blackness of the outside of their chamber chimney, round the top and a great way down, drew every body's thoughts and eyes to notwithstanding). I have lately discoursed Wm. Young about it, who was the first that saw it, just as it broke out, and he is very positive that it began about that chimney, and that the Smoke came out before the flame, and Mr. Redwood is as positive that it began at the South end, for he says that after the Coupulo was falled down, he went into the School, at the dore next to the North end, and would fain 'a gone to the other end of the School to save the Genll. Map of the World, which Coll. Nicholson (says he) gave to the College, but durst not for the flame that came pouring in from the south end, and yet he went into the Hall after he came out 40. of the School, and sav'd the Dom of Milan [the Cathedral at Milan — P.D] that hung next to the dore that opens into the Piazza, which sufficiently confuses that forced account of Mr. Blairs about the beginning of the fire, who will have it to have begun in the North End where the hall joins to the building, just above where that picture hung, which if so, there would have been no going into the Hall at that time of the Day, there being but one floor above it. Upon all which Accounts, and Many more which I could add, I humbly conceive, 'tis very requisite that a further Inquiry whould be made into it, at least for Truth's sake that it may be found out and prevail against all the forced accounts which Mr. Blair and Mr. Harrison and the rest of that party being too conscious to them selves of the true manner of its beginning have so industriously spread abroad; and the rather because these 2 Gentlemen are not satisfy'd to have been the Fatal Occasion of that unhappy Accident, but have the folly malice and imprudence to throw the malignity of it upon others much honester, and greater Lovers of the College than themselves. If Mr. Blair can not be excluded the Number of the Inquisitors tho' I know no Reason why he should be one of them being in a manner a party concern'd, for if it began in the chimney of that chamber where he put his brother Harrison, it will highly concern him to smother and knock any such discovery on the head, his putting of Mr. Harrison into the College being just such another unaccountable piece of Conduct, as his robbing the College of the Honour of your Compa. notwithstanding the hundreds of pounds it had cost you. If he can not conveniently be laid aside, I wish it were my happiness to confront him in that Affair, for the 41 better discovery of the true and genuine way of the beginning of that fatal fire.

Her Majestie and his Grace the late Chancellor of the College have all the Reason in the World to send an Order for a better Inquiry into this matter, and if I may be Nominated one of the Inquirers, with a particular Instruction to give and send home my opinion about it, I shall embrace it as a singular honour & Happiness: my having been head Master and my living in it ever since it was built, and the particular care I took of it while I kept the College table may intitle me to this. May your honour live to be still a Nursing father to his Infant Seminary and see it answer the End design'd in the Charter, which will be when it is rescued from the cruel avarice and bad designs of its present President, whose Ambition, Covetousness and Revenge has been all along the Bane of it, and at last the ruin of so costly and stately an Edifice; for if he had either forebore the gratifying his own and his brother Harrison's ambition, who for his greater Grandeur must needs keep his Court in the College; or had taken care at least to have his Chamber Chimney swept, (which catch'd fire 3 times during the 2 years that I kept the Table when there was but little fire on the hearth and no body sharing it, and which had not been swept for 9 or 10 months before) it might have been standing at this day, and both the Library which was most of it your Gift (if I may mention so small a Donation, among the Greater sums it has cost you) and all the furniture of the College, and the best of my house-hold stuff, and my study full of books the loss of which has cost me many a deep sigh might have been preserved. I am with all 42 Respect
Honrd Sir
Your most devoted Humble servt.
Mongo Ingles
Addressed.

Sir. I can not enough lament the loss of my books, 18 boxes or shelves crambed as full as could hold, 'tis very much contrary to my nature to turn beggar, and yet would willing be obliged to his Grace my Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, and any other of your friends for a small but choice collection of books of Divinity. I have sometimes had. thoughts of entering into orders, but think it not adviseable at Present untill I have conquered my late losses and paid my debts, yet as I design nothing by it but the Glory of God, so may I not so much as be suspected of any by End: tho' my Estate at Present is not so inconsiderable, but I shall be worth a thousand pounds Sterl. when all my debts are paid.

Virg. Queens Creek
September 20th, 1707

—Fulham Mss. Virginia. Box III, no. 41. British transcripts in Library of Congress.

SECOND BUILDING
Building was ready for use in 1716.
Building was burned February 8, 1859.

43.

THE WREN BUILDING
(2) SECOND BUILDING

March 21, 1708/9

ANNE R.

WHEREAS Our late Royall Brother and Sister King William and Queen Mary upon application of severall Persons in Our Colony of Virginia that the Church there might be supplyed with a Seminary of Ministers, & that the Youth of the said Colony might be educated in Learning and good Manners & for propagating the Christian Faith amongst the Indians in those parts, DID by their Letters Patents under the Great Seale of England in the fourth Year of their Reigne, give full Power Lycence & Authority to certain Trustees or Governors. in the said Letters Patents mentioned to found erect & establish in that Colony a certaine place of universall Study or pepetuall College to be called & known by the name of The College of William and Mary in Virginia for promoting the study of Divinity, the true Philosophy Languages and other good and liberall Arts & Sciences, & to consist of a President Six Masters or Professors & of 100 Scholars more or less, the said President and Masters or Professors to be a Body Politick and Corporate, And for the more speedy erecting and fitting up of the Said College Our said late Royall Brother & Sister did by the said Letters Patents direct & appoint the Sum of 1985 pounds 15s. 10d. to be paid out of the Revenue of Quitt Rents in Our said Colony, And did thereby further give & grant for the use & benefitt of the said College the One penny per Pound to be paid for all Tobacco exported from one Plantation to another in America, and 20000 acres of Land exempt 44 from paying any Quitt Rent, together with the Office of Surveyour Generall of the Lands of the said Colony; All which Profitts and Advantages together with diverse private Guifts did enable the said trustees or Governours to erect and finish the said College.

AND WHEREAS the Visitors and Govrs. of the said College have by their Petition humbly represented unto us, That the said College with all its Books & Furniture was by an accidentall Fire which happened in the Month of October 1705, unhappily reduced to Ashes, & finding after three years experience the great want there is of the said College by their being so long deprived of such a meanes of Education of their Children, & how slowly the usuall Revenues of the said College are like to raise a Sum any wayes proportionable to the expence of a moderate Building, HAVE therefore humbly besought Our Assistance towards the Rebuilding the said College by Our Royall Bounty out of our Revenue of Quit Rents AND WHEREAS it appeares unto Us by a State or Representation of Wm. Blathwaite, Esqr. Our Auditor Generall of Our Revenues in Our Plantations in America that after Paymt. & Satisfaction of the severall Sums charged upon the said Revenues there will be in the hands of the Recr. Generall the Sum of 500 li. which being added to the growing Revenues at present belonging to the said College & other Guifts & Contributions will enable the said Trustees or Govrs. to lay the foundation of so noble a Work, And when a State of the Proceedings therein shall be laid before Us, He proposes that Wee may enlarge Our Bounty so much further as the nature of the work with regard to the produce of the Quitt Rents may require, Now Wee having taken the Premisses into Our 45 Royall Consideration, And being desirous to promote all that may be the Rebuilding so usefull & Necessary a Structure have fit to bestow on the Visitors or Governours of the said College the Sum of 500 li. accordingly. OUR WILL & PLEASURE is, And Wee do hereby authorize & impower You to give the necessary Orders & Directions to the Recr. Genll. of Our Quitt Rents in Our said Colony out of the said Revenue forthwith to make Payment unto the said Govrs. & Visitors or when they have shall appoint to Receive the same the said Sum of 500 li. as Our Royall Bounty to enable them to proceed in the Rebuilding the said College, And this being first Entred with the said Auditor shall be as well to you as to the Recr. Genll. for Payment & to the Auditor for allowing thereof upon his Accounts a sufficient Warrant. Given at Our Court at St. James's the 21st March, 1708/9 In the 8th Year of Our Reigne.
By Her Mats. Command
Godolphin

To Our Trusty & Wellbeloved Edmund Jennings Esqr. President of Our Councill of Virginia in America or to the President or Commander in Chiefe of Our said Colony for the time being & all others whom this may concerne.

—(Old Queen's Warrant Book No. 17) Treasury 52 Vol. 24, pp. 7-9 British Transcripts in the Library of Congress.
June 21, 1709 — Mr. President communicated to the Council a Warrant under her Majesty's Royal Sign Manual bearing Date the 21st of March, 1708/9 for paying unto the Visitors and Governors 46 of the College of William and Mary the sum of five hundred pounds Sterling out of her Majesty's Revenue of Quittrents towards rebuilding the said College and the same being read. Ordered that a Warrant be prepared for the Receiver Genll. paying the said sum unto the said Visitors and Governors or their order. —Executive Journals, Council of Colonial Virginia. June 21, 1709, Vol. III, p. 218.

April 8, 1710

ANNE R.

WHEREAS at the humble request of the Visitors and Governours of the College of William and Mary in Virginia That we would be gratiously pleased Out of Our Revenue of Quit Rents thereto bestow Our Royal Bounty towards Rebuilding the said College which with all its Books and Furniture was by an accidental fire in the year 1705 unhappily reduced to Ashes. We did by Our Warrt. of the 21st of March 1708/9 direct the Sum of 500 li. to be forthwith paid out of the said Revenue to enable the said Governours to proceed in Rebuilding the same, Which Sum Our Auditor General of Our plantations had proposed to be as much as could at that time be paid out of Our said Revenue with respect to the other charges thereupon and that when a State of the proceedings therein should be laid before Us We might enlarge Our Bounty so much further as the nature of the Work with regard to the produce of the Quit Rents should require. AND WHEREAS upon application on behalfe of the said Governours of Our further Bounty out of the said Quit Rents towards the said Building Our 47 said Auditor hath Represented that it appears to him, that since our said Bounty, Workmen have been employed to clear the Foundation and prepare Lyme and Timber for such Building, that more will be laid out than the Governours have at present in Cash before they can expect Our further Supply and that they depend very much thereupon So that if We shall think fitt to extend Our further Bounty by ordering 500 li. more to be paid the said Governrs. out of the said Revenue, there will be sufficient in the Receivers hands at Midsomer next to answer the same Now We having taken the premisses into Our Royall consideration and being desirous to promote all that may be the Rebuilding so usefull and necessary a Structure have thought fit to bestow on the Visitors or Governors of the said College the further Sum of 500 li. Accordingly OUR WILL and pleasure is And We do hereby Authorize and Impower you to give the necessary Orders and directions to the Receiver General of Our Quit Rents in Our said Colony out of the Said Revenue forthwith to make payment unto the said Governours or Visitors or whom they have appointed or shall appoint to receive the same the said Sum of 500 li. as our further Bounty to enable them to proceed in the rebuilding the College aforesaid And this being first entred with the Said Auditor shall be as well to you as to the Receiver Generall for paymt. and to the Auditor for allowing thereof upon his Acct. e. Sufficient Warrt. And so We bid you very heartily farewell GIVEN at Our Court at St. James's the 18th of April 1710. In the 9th year of Our Reigne
By her Mats. Command—
Godolphin

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To our Trusty & Wellbeloved Alexander Spotswood, Escqr. Our Lieutenant and Governour General of Our Colony and Dominion of Virginia in America or to the Commander in Cheife of the Said Colony for the time being .

—(Old Queen's Warrant Book No. 17) Treasury 52, Vol. 24, p. 240.
October 23, 1710 — … I must, however, intreat you will be pleased to use your interest That no new Draughts be made on the Quitt-rents of this Colony till her Majestie's gracious intentions for rebuilding the College shall be accomplished. —Letter from Governor Spotswood to Mr. Blathwayt, October 23, 1710. Letters of Gov. Spotswood, Vol 1, pp. 17, 18.
March 13, 1713 — We have in this Country a Colledge, founded by the Bounty of their late Maj't's, King William and Queen Mary, and lately rais'd out of Ashes by the pity of our present Soveraign; But as such undertakings, especially in new Countrys, wants many Assistances to bring them to perfection, So this work is yet far from being compleated. The building still unfinished , and the revenue too small to Support the number of Masters requisite for carrying Youth through a course of University studys. — Spotswood to the Bishop of London, March 13, 1713. Letters of Gov. Spotswood, Vol. II, p. 63
June, 1716 — … but now that the building is well nigh compleated again, those under whose Care it is, have resolved to prosecute the Original design of its foundation: And I'm glad to be instrumental in the hon'r you will have of being 49 the first Professor of University Learning there. — Spotswood to Rev. Francis Fountain, June, 1716. Letters of Gov. Spotswood, Vol. II, p. 167.
June 13, l716 — ORDERED: That it be referred to the Committee to send to England for Standing furniture for the Colledge Kitchen, Brewhouse, and Laundry, & that they also send for a bell of 18 inches Diameter at the Brimms for the use of the Colledge. -Proceedings of Visitors of William and Mary College-June 13, 1716. Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. IV, pp. 170-171.
June 13, 1716 — The visitors and Governors taking into consideration the great want of a Professor of Philosophy and Mathematicks, and being resolved (Now that the expense of building is now well nigh at an end) to provide according to the ability of the Colledge from time to time such masters as are necessary … —Proceedings of the Visitors of Wil1iam & Mary College, June 13, 1716. — Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. IV, pp. 171.
June 20, 1716 — ORDERED: That Math. Allen be paid for the … including the turning of the Bannisters fifteen pounds.
On the petition of Christopher Smith Master to the Indian children, ordered that on consideration that there are but few of them now at the school he be allowed 25c per annum, that he have pasturage for his horse, firewood for his chamber and the liberty of teaching such English Children as shall be 50 put to him and that a partition be erected at the charge of the Colledge to separate the said English children from the Indians. Ordered, that the Clerk of the Colledge prepare an Invoice of such Kitchen furniture as is needed the Colledge & send the same to Mr. Micajah, and Richard Perry. Ordered, that the furniture mentioned be sent for from England for the use of the Colledge, viz:
  • 2 Doz: hand some leather chairs for the Convocation Roome.
  • 1 pr. of and Irons, Fire shovel and Tongs and Fender.
  • 1 p. of Green broad cloath.
  • 1 Ingine for Quenching Fire.
  • 2 Doz: leather Bucketts with the Colledge Cypher thereon.
—Proceedings of Visitors of William & Mary College, June 20, 1716. Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. IV, p. 172-173.

1716 — On the petition of William Levingston leave is given him to make use of the lower Room at the South End of the Colledge for teaching the Scholars and others to dance untill his own dancing school in Williamsburg be finished.

William Craig is hereby appointed Porter of the Colledge and ordered that he take care that the Gates be safely locked & Secured each night, that no vagrant person be permitted to loyter or lodge in the said College, and that the chimneys be kept clean swept. And it is further ordered that he take charge of the Colledge pasture and account with the Colledge for the profits thereof untill some person be appointed to keep the Colledge Table.

—Proceedings of the Visitors of William & Mary College, 1716. Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. IV, p. 169.
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October 24, 1716 — Mr. Chiswell in behalf of Mrs. Mary Barrett offering to undertake the keeping the Colledge table at the rate of 11 pounds per annum for each scholare with the other advantages allowed to Mr. Jackson. The said Mrs. Barrett being also furnished at the expense of the Colledge with a servant to Shutt the Gates, ring the bell and to help to clean the house or in lue of such servant Ten pounds, and that the said Servant shall attend as Doorkeeper at the public meetings of the visitors. The said proposall is accepted for one year, And it is ordered that the keeping of the table commence at the Return of the scholars after the Christmas vacation.

ORDERED, that the out houses about the Colledge be repaired for the use of the House Keeper, she being obliged to keep them in the like repair.

ORDERED, that it be referred to the Committee to assign such Rooms as they shall judge proper for the conveniency of the House Keeper and her servants.

ORDERED, that Sash Glass be provided from England for the Colledge hall and that the same be fitted up in frames and that some spare Glass be also writ for to repair the windows of the Colledge.

— Proceedings of Visitors of William and Mary College, October 24, 1716. Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. IV-pp. 174-175.
1723 — Carved in brick near a door of this building [Brafferton] are the figures 1723, supposed to represent the date of foundation. The "Brafferton" building is constructed after the fashion of the period, is of Virginia brick and three stories high, including 52 garret rooms having dormer windows. There are four large rooms to a floor, or twelve in all. The building is 54 feet long by by 34 feet wide and stands on the College green opposite the President's House, a slightly larger building of similar make. During the war (1861-65) the building was used by the Federal troops who carried away all the wood-work except the roof. It has since been repaired, and is now used as a dormitory for students. — Note by Doctor L. G. Tyler in William and Mary Historical Quarterly, Vol. I, page 216 .

1724 — The Front which looks due East is double, and is 136 Foot long. It is a lofty Pile of Brick Building adorn'd with a Cupola. At the North End runs back a large Wing, which is a handsome Hall, answerable to which the Chapel is to be built; and there is a spacious Piazza on the West Side, from one Wing to the other. It is approached by a good Walk, and a grand Entrance by Steps with good Courts and Gardens about it, with a good House and Apartments for the Indian Master and his Scholars, and Out-Houses; and a large pasture enclosed like a Park with about 150 Acres of Land adjoining, for Occasional Uses.

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The Building is beautiful and commodious, being first modelled by Sir Christopher Wren, adapted to the Nature of the Country by the Gentlemen there; and since it was burnt down, it has been rebuilt, and nicely contrived, altered and adorned by the ingenius Direction of Governor Spotswood; and is not altogether unlike Chelsea Hospital.

—Jones, Present State of Virginia, 1724, p. 26.

1724 — There is as yet no great Occasion for the Hall, so that it might be made a Chapel and Divinity School, for which purpose it would serve nobly with little or no Alterations.

As there is lately built an Apartment for the Indian Boys and their Master, so likewise is there very great Occasion for a Quarter for the Negroes and inferior Servants belonging to the College; for these not only take up a great deal of Room and are noisy and nasty, but also have often made me and others apprehensive of the great Danger of being burnt with the College, thro' their carelessness and Drowsiness.

Another thing prejudicial to the College, is the Liberty allowed the Scholars, and the negligent Observance of College Hours, and the Opportunity they have of rambling Abroad.

To remedy this, there is wanting some Contrivance to secure the Youth within the College at certain hours; which has hitherto been in vain attempted, because of the many Servants lodged in the College, and the several Doors and Ways to get out of it.

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Likewise the Privileges and Apartments of the President and Masters, and House-Keeper, &. ought to be fix'd and ascertain'd; for these being precarious and doubtful, upon this Account has arose much Difference and Ill-Will, to the great Scandal of the College, and Detriment of Learning.

—Jones, Present State of Virginia, 1724, appendix 86-88.
March 26, 1728 — I understand by an advertisement of a noat set up at the Capitol by the Rev. Mr. Commissary Blair that a Chappelle to the said College is to be erected in the form of the hall, and well fitted for the use of a Chappelle. Workman like for which building I will doe for 898 pounds current money, except the sashes and glasses in the body of the building. —MS. Letter in the library of William and Mary College from James Hughes to the Governors of the College of William and Mary, March 26, l728.
February 27, 1729 … And did also cause to be erected, on part of the said purchased lands, in the parish of Bruton aforesaid, by the appointment of the General Assembly of the said colony, a convenient building of brick for the said College, which some time in the month of October, in the year of our Lord, one thousand seven hundred and five, happened to be destroyed by fire; but by the care of the surviving trustees hath been since rebuilt there more 55 conveniently than before, and is now fitted with a hall, and convenient apartments for the schools, and for the lodging of the President, masters, and scholars, and hath in it a convenient chamber set apart for a library, besides all other offices necessary for the said College, and is adorned with a handsome garden; whereby several sums of money, so as aforesaid contributed, for the carrying on of this work, and the rents, issues, and profits, and emoluments, of the said twenty thousand acres of land, and the other revenues aforesaid, have hitherto been in a great measure exhausted, and the founding of the said College delayed and hindered. —Transfer to the Faculty in Virginia, February 27, 1729. Bulletin of the College of William and Mary, January, 1913. pp. 28 and 29.
June 28, 1732 — The College Chapel was opened. Mr. PresidentJames Blair preached on Pro. 22:6. — Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William & Mary College, June 28, 1732. William and Mary Hist. Quarterly, Vol. I, p. 136.
July 31, 1732 — The foundation of the President's house at the College was laid, the President, Mr. Dawson, Mr. Fry, Mr. Stith and Mr. Fox laying the first five bricks in order, one after another. The reason of the foundation being laid that day was, that Mr. Henry Cary, the Undertaker, had appointed his bricklayers to be ready that day, and that they could not proceed till the foundation was laid.The will of Henry Cary, Sr. was proved on Sept 5, 1720 — Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, July 31, 1732. William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. I, p. 137.
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August 11, 1732 — MY LORD: I beg to acquaint your Lordship that on June 28th, 1732, our new chapel was opened with great solemnity. The Governor and his family were pleased to honor us with their Presence and, it being the assembly time, the members of both Houses came in great numbers …

July 31. The foundations of a common brick House for the President was laid opposite to Brafferton. It is to be finished for 650 pounds current money by Oct. 1733, according to the articles of agreement. These two buildings will appear at a small distance from the East front of the College, before which is a Garden planted with evergreens kept in very good order. The Hall and Chapel, joining to the west Front towards the Kitchen Garden, form two handsome wings … now my lordship if our humble Proposal to lay out part of the Brafferton money which is in Mr. Perry's hands for the Purpose of Furniture and books meets with approbation and encouragement from your Lordship, we have a very convenient room for a library over the Indian School.

-Rev. William Dawson to the Bishop of London, August 11, 1732. William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. IX, page 220.
1740—
Poundss.d.
The College paid Southsea for digging a Well.28
Do. paid Bowler for new covering the Chapel Forms5
June 26 -By the College paid: W. Ford for Leveling the Quadrangle(torn)
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June 30 -By do. paid Baskerville for 6000 bricks…(torn)
—Accounts for 1740. —Loose pages from an early account book of the College.

August 29Sept. 7, 1754 — Ordered — 1st: That no Boy shall be permitted to saunter away his Time upon any of the College Steps or to be seen playing during School Hours under a severe animadversion from the President, or any of the Masters.

Ordered — 2nd: That no Boy presume to go into the kitchen, or cause any Disturbance there, under a severe punishment from the President or any of the Masters.

Ordered — 3d: That the Boys regularly attend Dinner, and Supper in the Hall, and that the Housekeeper be strictly charged and commanded not to allow any Victuals whatever to be sent into Private Rooms to any Boys, excepting to such as are really sick.

—Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, August 29, 1754. William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. II, p. 124 .
August 29, 1754 — RESOLVED: unanimously that Mr. Commissary Dawson be allotted the use of the hall and great room during the meeting of the clergy. —Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, August 29, 1754. William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series-Vol. II, page 124.
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December 10, 1756 — RESOLVED: That Major R. Taliaferro's Proposal be accepted, viz: that he will pail in the College yards for ten shillings currency per pannel, or cheaper, if any good Work of that kind is done cheaper by any other Workman, & also that he repair the President's house in a proper Manner. —Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, December 10, 1756 . — William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 2nd series, Vol. II, page 209 .

March 23, 1758 — The President sent to Mr. Robinson, and desired the Keys of the Grammer Master's Apartments, in order to put Mr. Owen in Possession of them: Mr. Robinson refused and said, that nobody had a better Right to these Chambers than himself.

Upon which Refusal, the President ordered Hasps with Staples & Padlocks to be put upon the Doors of the several Apartments & Schools, and two new Locks upon the Wicket Doors.

— Journal of the Meetings of the President and Master of William and Mary College, March 23, 1758. — William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 2nd. series, Vol. I, page 26.
March 31, 1761 — RESOLVED: That an Undertaker be agreed with to build a Stable in the College Lot in Williamsburg, for the use of the President. William Yates —Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, March 31, 1761. —William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. III - page 131.
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June 26, 1761 — RESOLVED: That Mr. John Saunders be appointed to build Stables for the use of the President on a Lot belonging to the College, of the following dimensions, Viz: Thirty-two Feet long, & twenty Feet wide, with a partition taking off 12 Feet at one End for a Carriage, & at the other a Door leading into four Stalls on each Side, & that he be allowed the Sum of 65 pounds for the same. —Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, June 26, 1761. —William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, lst series, Vol. III, page 195.
February 9, 1763 — … That if any Master should chance to miss attending the Ball, or Common Room he may send for what Victuals he pleases that is left. —Journal of the Meetings of the President and Master's of William and Mary College, February 9, 1763. —William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. III, page 264.

March 26, 1765 — "You have two rooms — by no means elegant, tho' equal in goodness to any in the College — unfurnished, and will salute your eyes on your entrance with bare plaister walls. However, Mr. Small assures me they are what the rest of the Professors have, and are very well satisfied with the homeliness of their appearance, tho' at first sight rather disgusting. He thinks you will not chuse to lay out any money on them.

"You may buy Furniture there, all except bedding and 60 blankets, which you must carry over; chairs and tables rather cheaper than in England. He says his Furniture consists of 6 chairs, a Table, grate, Bed and Bedstead, and that is as much as you'll want."

—Letter signed WilliamStephen Hawtrey, to Wedward Hawtrey,written from Break Court, March 26, 1765—F. M. Hawtrey, The Hawtrey Family, Vol. I, p. 146.—Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. XVI: page 210. —Edward Hawtrey had probably applied for a position as one of the masters in the College. He never came to Virginia.
April 13, 1769 ORDERED: That the above Determination be published and pasted in the Piazzas for the Information of all whom it may concern. —Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, April 13, 1769. °William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. XIII, page 22.
April 15, 1769 — On the 12th Instant, & on Occasion of some riotous Behavior in the Hall after Dinner of the Day preceding this Date, and of a violent Attempt immediately after to break down with Brick Bats the new Work bestow'd on the boarded Windows of the College, Thos. Byrd was called before a Meeting of the President and Masters. — Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, April 15, 1769. —William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. XIII, page 133. Present: [illegible] John Camm, President, Mr. Jones, Mr. Johnson, Mr. Dixon & Mr. Gwatkin
July 30, 1771 — RESOL: That Points & Conductors be fix'd on the College, the President's House, & the Brafferton School: that the Direction of the same be left to the Revd. Mr. Gwatkin, 61 Professor of Mathematics. —Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, July 30, 1771. —William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. XIII, page 230.
May 6, 1773 — … and Mr. James Madison, a student, Professor of Mathematics. —The Virginia Gazette, Williamsburg, Virginia, May 6, 1773. (Virginia State Library)

February 26, 1773 — RESOLVED: That the Room on the South Side of the Library Door be set apart for an Infirmary, the Room formerly appointed being look'd upon as improper for that Purpose; that the key be kept with the Housekeeper, and not to be deliver'd out, but upon particular Occasions.

RESOLVED: That Messrs. Stuart, Jones, and Yates have the Room on the North Side of the Library .

RESOLVED: THAT Messrs. Todd, Shields and Burton have the Room on the South Side the old Dormitory Stair-Case.

RESOLVED: That Messrs. Thos. John and Robt. Nelson, & Carter Burwell have the Room on the North Side the old Dormitory Stair-Case.

RESOLVED: That Messrs. Eggleston, Fontaine, White and Clay have the Room at the Head of the New Dormitory Stair-Case.

—Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, February 26, 1773. —William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, lst series, Vol XIV, page 27 .
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May 18, 1775 — Whereas it appear'd in the course of our Enquiry that the Wicket-Door, after having been locked at 9 o'clock by the Janitor, has been several times open'd, and left open for the remainder of the night by unknown hands.

ORDER'D: That the Locks be changed; that for half a year to come no person but the Janitor, not even a Professor, have the continued keeping of a Key to the said Door; that when a Professor wants a Key, he apply to the Janitor for it, & return it to him the next morning; that if any other person have occasion for a Key, he do not have one without the knowledge & assistance of a Professor, nor for more than one evening at a time.

—Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, May 18, 1775. —William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. XIV, page 245.
May 27, 1775 — But this Defendant doth declare that she has frequently dined in her room upon cold meat and sometimes sent for her Dinners out of the Hall; and she humbly submits it to the said President and Professors (who have all occasionally dined with her) whether, when she is directed to provide or dress a dinner for any of them the said President & Masters or Professors, she have any right to refuse them. —Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, May 27, 1775. —William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. XV, pp. 7-8.
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May 27, 1775 — Art 2nd: Has nothing to say to Miss Digge's keeping a sumptuous Table: but her dinners have been good, when the Hall Dinners have been bad; Says Ned Digges has had Suppers & Dinners. And that he himself had had the same out of College Rules; knows nothing more. — Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, May 27, 1775. — William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. XV, pp. 4, 5.

May 27, 1775 — Art. 4th: That she has intrusted the Keys of the Store Room to the Slaves to which they have been seen to have free Ingress & Egress.

…
Art. 9th: That the Mistress did of her own power only hire and appoint a Woman to officiate in the Office of a Cook without any special Order from the Society for that purpose, & that she has supported the said Women in the most contumelious Behavior almost to the whole College.

— Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, May 27, 1775. William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series. Vol. XV, Page 2.
November 1, 1775June 25, 1776 — Agreed that the Society lend out to each person present 10 Pds. Nails of such sort as he chuses, giving to the Steward a Rect. for the same specifying the Quality, provided that the new building be dropp'd for the Present, & the College be not left without a sufficient 64. quantity for ordinary uses, in which point we depend upon the Undertaker Mr. Saunders for information. Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, November 1, 1775. William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. XV page 140.
June 15, 1776 — Mr. Starke from the Committee appointed to inquire for a proper hospital for the reception and accommodation of the sick and wounded soldiers reported that the Committee had accordingly made the said inquiry and that at the insistence of the Committee Dr. William Rickman, later appointed by the General Congress to be physician and director general of the Continental Hospital, accompanied them to the College, palace and other places and he advises that though the College has room enough for the purpose of an hospital, yet by reason of the many partitions in it that will not admit a thorough passage of air so absolutely necessary to invalids; that the College has at a very considerable expense been lately repaired, white washed and thoroughly cleaned for the reception of scholars who are expected to return to their studies on Monday next, at which time the vacation ceases. Journal of Virginia House of Delegates, June 15, 1776.
December 24, 1778 — Resolved, that those Professors, who forgo the use of the College Table, be allowed, in consideration 65 thereof, & receive weekly from the Housekeeper one or more joints of meat, the whole not exceeding 14 pounds if fresh, if salt 10 pounds. Journal of the President and Masters or Professors of William and Mary College, December 24, 1778 William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. IX, page 21.
October 20, 1779 — I have enjoyed a good state of Health during my residence here, I Board in College, at what rate is at present uncertain. Letter from John Brown, October 20, 1779. William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. IX, page 21.
December 9, 1779 — The Students have to procure a Steward with whom they are to board at Whatever rate can be agreed on. They are to pay Rent for their Rooms, provide every other necessary & to pay a Hd. of Tobacco to each Professor, they shall attend .
Letter of John Brown, December 9, 1779. William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series. Vol. IX, page 22.
1780 — The College has for sale a considerable quantity of scantling, originally intended for an additional building. Any person taking the whole which cost about five hundred pounds in 1775, may have it upon the most reasonable terms. — From Manuscript by R. J. Morrison. Copy in Virginia State Library
October, 1781 — The sick and wounded of the army whom my necessities 66 have compelled me to trouble you with shall be returned as soon as circumstances will permit, an event which will be as pleasant to me as agreeable to you. — From a letter of George Washington to the Professors of the College of William and Mary, October, 1781.

1781 — Some time in the year 1781, certainly prior to the 17th day of October and probably on about the 15th day of September of that year the French troops took possession of the college buildings and used them for a hospital from that time to the month of May, A. D. 1782. Whilst those buildings were thus occupied by them the President's house and a portion of the building were destroyed by fire and some out buildings extensively injured. ***

The rebuilding of the President's house was not compleated until sometime in the late fall of the year 1786, and the income of the College was so lowered by the Revolution that it was unable to complete the repairs of the other buildings rendered necessary by the injury done them whilst in occupation by the French until the year 1788.***

Until the President's house was rebuilt the college was obliged to incur a heavy expense for the rent of a house for the President and for repairs that were required to be put upon it, and the College not only lost to a great extent the beneficial use of that portion of the College building proper which had been injured as above stated whilst it was 67 undergoing repairs, it was obliged to incur a very heavy expense in making those repairs.

—From a paper submitted to Congress in behalf of the claim of William and Mary College for damage to the buildings. See report of the Committee on Revolutionary Claims, Thirty-first Congress, Second Session, Senate Report No. 219.
1781 — … For ease and convenience, they had contrived a common necessary for their whole hospital, the College, a large building, three stories high, by erecting a half hexagon, of common boards, reaching from the roof down to a pit in the earth. From this perpendicular conduit doors opened upon each floor of the hospital; and all manner of filth and excrementitious matters were dropped and thrown down this common sewer, into the pit below. This sink of nastiness perfumed the whole house very sensibly and, without doubt, vitiated all the air within the wards. —Quoted by John E. Lane, M. D., in his monograph on Jean Francois Coste, from James Tilton's Economical Military Hospitals: and the Prevention and Cure of Diseases Incident to an Army, Wilmington, 1813, pp. 63,64.
1781 — This is the capital of Virginia, but in other respects is of little importance. It is situated on a level piece of land, at an equal distance between two small rivers, one of which falls into York, the other into James River. The City is one mile and a quarter in length, and contains about two hundred and fifty houses. The main street is more than one hundred feet in width, and exactly one mile in 68 length—at one of the extremities, and fronting the street, is the Capitol, or state house, a handsome edifice, and at the other end is the college, capable of accommodating three hundred students, but the tumult of war has broken up the institution. The college is about one hundred and thirty feet in length and forty in breadth, with two handsome wings fifty by thirty. Their library is said to consist of about three thousand volumes. Near the center of the city is a large church, and not far from it the palace, the usual residence of the governor, which is a splendid building. The water in this vicinity is extremely brackish and disagreeable. — Thacker, James, a Military Journal during the American Revolutionary War from 1775 — to 1783. Letter from Chapman Johnson to David Watson, pp. 269-270.
December 19, 1799 — My situation in College is as commodious and agreeable as I could reasonably have expected. I occupy a very convenient room on the third floor. —Virginia Magazine of History & Biography, vol. XXIX, p.
August 8, 1801 — Among the improvements which our little town can boast, is the removal of Lord Botetourt's statue to College. It was purchased by the president and professors for $100. and is placed in the center of the College walk, facing the town. His head has been very dextrously stuck on with an iron plug by the bishop and Mr. Moody in conjunction. His nose which was broken almost flat to his face as if it had been cut off in the Indies, has been scientifically renewed by Mr. Madison and the parts of the pedestal which were dispersed, have been 69 carefully collected together, and it now cuts a very handsome figure indeed. It has already become in some measure a rendezvous to the curious, and should the statuaries improve in the art of mending arms and legs and noses, it wil1 be very worthy of a visit when you return…… —Extract from a letter from Henry St. George Tucker to his father, St. George Tucker, Williamsburg, Aug. 8, 1801. —William & Mary Col1ege Hist. Quarter1y, 2nd series, Vol. X, page 164.
February 15, 1804 — The College is a large, but rude building. The person, Sir Christopher Wren, who p1anned, it, has not manifested an exquisite taste for the beauties of architecture. Mr. Jefferson in speaking of it calls it a "rude, misshapen pile, which but that it has a roof, would be taken for a common brick-kiln". It is certainly not an elegant structure, but is easily distinguishable from a brick-kiln . —Letter of William T. Barry, Williamsburg, Va., February 15, 1804. —William & Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. XIII, page 112.
July 7, 1813 — "The Society took into consideration the general conduct of the students during the last course, and also the proficiency which they respectively manifested during the same; the public examinations having been interrupted by the occupancy of the College as Barracks for the Militia." —Faculty Minutes, July 7, 1813. — From manuscript by R. J. Morrison, Copy in Virginia State Library.
1815 — "Memo: The Dial post in front of the President's 70 House was put down on the 15th day of April, 1815.
J. A. S." — From Manuscript by R. J. Morrison, Copy in Virginia State Library.
July 14, 1817 — First as regards the buildings. When the President first entered into the duties of his office; there was not a single lecture room properly fitted up in the College, and the whole establishment was tending rapidly to ruin. Three rooms for lectures and one for the apparatus have now been put into complete order. A very large stack of chimneys, the base of which was rotten, have been taken down and rebuilt. A chemical laboratory has been constructed, and the whole interior of the College repaired, with the exception of the Chapel. The roof yet leaks, but Mr. Graves is confident that it can now be rendered tight at the expense of a very few dollars. Some shingling will be required on the north side. The Brafferton is uninhabitable but preparations are making and most of the materials are prepared for giving that a thorough repair. The house occupied by the President will not require the expenditure of a large sum though some reparations are necessary. On that lot a new kitchen has been built, the old one being too rotten to be put in order. For the last year the repairs have been immensely costly in consequence of the demand for materials in Petersburg, Washington and Richmond. They rose twenty or thirty per cent, and the quantity required 71 was large. Many are now on hand. A little more masonry will be required, and this item for the year commencing the 5th inst. will not cost as much by $1000 or $1200 as those of the last equal period. In two years more, and at a comparative moderate expense the whole will, it is expected, be put in order, after which an annual expenditure of two or three hundred dollars will, it is imagined, suffice. The sum paid for repairs is $5619. 35. —Report of President to Visitors, July 14, 1817.
1819 — As relates to the buildings nothing very material remains to be done except the repairing of the chapel. A greater part of the timber necessary for this purpose has been bought, and for this year the annual expense of $400 will, it is believed, keep the establishment in proper order. —Report of the President to the Board of Visitors, 1819.
April 27, 1820 — That a room be provided with a fire for the accommodation of the students between lectures; that stoves of sufficient power be procured for those lecture rooms that are not adequately equipped, and that every summer the President cause sufficient quantity of good oak or hickory to be stored in the cellars of the college, to be made secure by sufficient bolts and locks. — Faculty Minutes, April 27, 1820
March 30, 1821 — RESOLVED: That the buildings belonging to this Institution be insured in the town funds and not in the country funds in the Mutual Assurance Society against fire 72 on buildings in the State of Virginia, and lately made; viz: on the 8th day of March, 1821, be perfected by this Society. --Faculty Minutes, March 30, 1821.
May 31, 1822 — The bell still ringing, the President proceeded toward the belfry, but on his arrival at the door leading to the cockloft he discovered a person with a lantern. --Faculty Minutes, May 31, 1822.
The President is extremely happy to have it in his power to commence with stating that the leaks in the roof of the College, which probably for fully half a century have been a source of worry and expense, have at length been sufficiently secured. The plastering can consequently be repaired, and accordingly the workmen are engaged about it. New sashes are ordered and in a short time the building will be put and kept in proper order. —Faculty Minutes, July 6, 1823
October 20, 1824 — The President stated that General Lafayette has announced his intention of visiting the College, whereupon it was resolved that the faculty would receive him in the large passage and that the President be advised to deliver a suitable address and to confer on the General the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws'. --Faculty Minutes, October 20, 1824
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February 21, 1825 — RESOLVED: That the carpenter of the College be required to examine minutely into the state and condition of the several buildings belonging to the establishment and report to the Society what repairs they require and what will be the probable cost of such repairs. — Faculty Minutes, February 21, 1825.

March 14, 1825 — RESOLVED: That the carpenter be required to commence as early as may be practicable such repairs in and about the College as may be requisite for its immediate preservation.

RESOLVED: That one-fourth of the rent of the Brafferton be now appropriated for the repairs of the said building, and that the occupant direct such as he may deem most necessary.

RESOLVED: That the palings and gate at the front of the College be repaired.— Faculty Minutes, March 14, 1825.
June 22, 1825 — The President stated that a mechanic had come from Richmond to fix the tin upon the roof of the College, agreeably to the direction of the Society, that charcoal was necessary to his operation which was under procedure. It was not before known that it was necessary. — Faculty Minutes, June 22, 1825.

July 164, 1825 — A statute establishing a table in the College to be ordained by the Governors and Visitors at William 74 and Mary College:

That a table for the victualling of the students who may attend this University be established in the said College. Let a man of unquestionable respectability be engaged by the Faculty for this purpose. Let him be placed in possession of the Brafferton House appurtenances and for the accommodation of his private family free of charge. Let him have the use of all the rooms in the College as well above as below ground which are not otherwise appropriated, together with what out houses appurtenant with the college building.

— Faculty Minutes, July 16, 1825.
July 1, 1826 — To carry into effect the views of the Convocation the Faculty caused a sufficient number of rooms for the accommodation of students to be fitted up, and the College was put in a better condition by the repairs that had commenced and were continued that it had been in before for many years, which appeared to be necessary to render it comfortable and to preserve it from decay. — Faculty Minutes, July 1, 1826
January 23, 18271837 — A letter from John J. Jones, John Tyler and John Finney as a committee of the Franklinian Society was received and read requesting that the Faculty would speedily put the Society in possession of a comfortable hall for their meeting. It being thought that the present 75 library might be moved up stairs with advantage and that the Society might have the room it now occupies, this letter was referred to Professor Browne to treat with the Society thereon. —Faculty Minutes, January 23, 1827.
July, 18279 — As a multiplicity of small repairs were necessary throughout the college buildings a whole year's work of one carpenter has been bestowed upon them, although one can scarcely discern what he has been doing. There is however one important item in the account. The flat roof of the college has for many years past leaked in defiance to all endeavors to make it water tight and by this means the building has been materially injured and several rooms rendered unfit to be inhabited. This roof has been covered with long and broad shingles so that it is believed to be perfectly water proof. Not a drop of water has as yet been discovered to leak through it. The whole eastern range of the college roof which was likewise very old and leaked was rendered unserviceable to the subjacent rooms. However, having renewed the last of the roof we shall be able with more procedure and effect to prosecute the repairs in the interior of the building. Did the fees of the College permit we should deem it important to press this work vigorously, but as it is we are expected to proceed gradually. — Report of the Faculty to the Visitors, July, 18279.
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July 7, 1827 — RESOLVED: That Mr. Sands be employed by the President to make the repairs on the College contained in the estimate laid before the Society. That they be made under the superintendence of the Professor of Humanity who will report to the Society when they are completed.

RESOLVED: That William Davies be employed to do the painting in the President's house and the necessary glazing on the terms proposed by him; whether two or three coats of paint be laid on will be decided by the President.

RESOLVED: That the president be requested to purchase glass which will be necessary for the use of the College.

RESOLVED: That the president and Professor of Humanity determine on the repairs that may be necessary for the hall and employ a carpenter to make them, and that they be made under the superintendence of the Professor of Humanity who will report to the Society when they are completed.

—Faculty Minutes, July 7, 1827
July 24, 1827 — RESOLVED: That it be communicated to Mrs. Wilmer that it is the desire of the Faculty, if not incompatible with her wishes, that his remains should be deposited in the Chapel. —Faculty Minutes, July 24, 1827. —This refers to Dr. Wilmer, president of the College, whose death had just occurred. Dr. Wilmer was buried in Bruton Parish Church. See Annual Report of Society, July 4, 1828
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November 19, 1827 — The Faculty were prevented from making their weekly report this day on account of the fire that took place in College, after which they assembled at a late hour and adopted the following resolutions:

RESOLVED: That the steward be directed to pay the strictest attention in the future towards securing the rooms in College from fire; and that two large ladders and eight additional small ones be immediately procured; and that all the chimneys be swept and scraped as often as may be practicable with a holly bush, immediately and as often thereafter as may be found necessary.

—Faculty Minutes, November 19, 1827.
1827 — The Faculty from respect of his worth (Dr. Wilmer, former President) and services, requested that his remains should be deposited in the Chapel, and they would have taken on the College the expense of erecting a neat monument as had been done in the case of Bishop Madison. His family however preferred that he should be interred near the Altar in the Church in which he was the much loved pastor, and the Society, believing that it would meet the sanction and approbation of the Visitors did not hesitate to contribute twenty dollars out of the college funds towards a monument to his memory erected in the Church on the south side of the Altar. —Annual Report of the Faculty, July 4, 1828
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February 5, 1828 — The Society being satisfied that Mr. George T. Byrd had yesterday wantonly broken a sash of the large window in the upper passage and some of the glass in the folding doors in the same passage. —Faculty Minutes, February 5, 1828
March 26, 1828 — The President laid before the Society an account of several great irregularities which had been committed in the College on Saturday evening, at which time the blackboard in the large lecture room was broken to pieces. — Faculty Minutes, March 26, 1828
July 4, 1828 — Last fall, late in the season, a fire occurred in College, but it was soon subdued and did very little damage to the building. The faculty have caused ladders to be provided and have ordered that the chimneys should be frequently and well swept. —Annual Report of the Faculty, July 4, 1828
November 4, 1828 — RESOLVED: That a cheap lantern be purchased for the purpose of lighting the College passages until ten o' clock at night. — Faculty Minutes, November 4, 1828

December 8, 1828 — RESOLVED: That the College carpenter, under the direction of Mr. Browne, be directed to erect a fire (?) battery somewhere near the College.

RESOLVED: That Judge Semple be required to procure 79 shingles as may be sufficient to shingle the entireeastern front of the College.

RESOLVED: That the President be authorized to purchase buckets for the use of the College.

RESOLVED: That the President be required to purchase such rope as will be serviceable in raising the College ladders in case of an emergency.

—Faculty Minutes, December 8, 1828
January 7, 1829 — On application a committee of students requested permission to employ certain apartments of the College for the purpose of a ball to be given on February 22 next. In consideration of economical motives presented by the committee it is resolved that their petition be granted and that they be permitted to use the hall of the Grammar School and the Philosophical lecture room with this view… —Faculty Minutes, January 7, 1829
February 2, 1829 — That Mr. Drew be appointed a committee to examine the condition of the College windows; to ascertain the total number of panes in the College with their sizes and the number which require repairs with their sizes. —Faculty Minutes, February 2, 1829
June 3, 1829 — RESOLVED: That the roof of the College be painted, and that the committee be authorized to sell the old shingles at a reasonable price. —Faculty Minutes, June 38, 1829
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July 6, 1829 — RESOLVED: That the President and Professor Browne be authorized to employ such hands as necessary for repairing the College, and to cause such repairs to be made as have been agreed upon by the Society. --Faculty Minutes, July 6, 1829

November 17, 1829 — The Franklinian Society requested through their committee that they might be permitted to appropriate an apartment in the College for their permanent and exclusive use, and desired the assistance of the Faculty in fitting it up as a hall of debate.

RESOLVED: That the Franklinian Society be allowed the selection of a room from the three unoccupied apartments on the upper floor of the College; be permitted to employ the college carpenter for a period not exceeding two weeks, and be furnished with from two to three hundred feet of plank to be employed in such manner as they may deem proper.

— Faculty Minutes, November 17, 1829
NovemberDecember 29, 1829 — ORDERED: That the Committee of Repairs furnish one hundred feet of scantling for desks for use of Franklinian Society and the carpenter may be employed for them until Christmas. — Faculty Minutes, November 29, 1829
That between eleven and twelve o'clock loud noises were made in and about the college and the bell was 80-a. rung. That three of the Professors entering the building by the north door observed three persons in disguise discharging missiles at the door and windows of the President's house, by which several panes of glass were broken. … Upon ascending to the belfry the Professors found that a number of students were collected there. … That the Professors heard the rioters engaged in breaking the windows and furniture of one of the lecture rooms on the second floor. … The door of the Blue Room and one of the presses therein, in which the Records of the Society are kept, broken open. … All the panes of glass in this department, eighty in number, broken to pieces. … The door of the belfry torn from its hinges and partly broken. Seventy-four panes of glass in the belfry and two half-sashes destroyed, and the blackboard in the large lecture room thrown down and broken. —Faculty Minutes, March 9, 1830
December 7, 1830 — RESOLVED: That the committee of Repairs inquire and report by what means the ponds of water on either side of the college gate can be effectually drained and the road rendered firm with a view to promote the health of the tenants of the Brafferton and the President's house. — Faculty Minutes, December 7, 1830
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March 14, 1831 — The committee of repairs having been instructed to inquire into the practicability of draining the ponds in the neighborhood of the front college enclosure report as follows:

After an attentive examination of the ground, the committee think that the pond on the Brafferton side may readily be drained by opening a communication from it to the channel on the south side of the Main Street. This communication, as it would traverse the street which passes immediately by the college gate would require to be covered for a short distance. The other pond, they are disposed to think, may be drained by conducting the water into a subterranean passage which they have discovered in the rear of Mrs. Daybrooks. This channel which appears to be similar in structure to the main college sewer, leads from the cellar of the President's house to the ravine in the rear of John Dipper's, and was originally built for the purpose of discharging the water which collected there in large quantities. It is at present choaked up, but if repaired would furnish a ready means of draining the ponds on the north side of the college enclosure. Only a short ditch would be necessary, leading into the passage above described, and as this would not traverse the street it would not require to be covered.

Whereupon Resolved that the committee of repairs endeavour to ascertain the cost of opening the above mentioned passage and of draining the ponds in the 82 manner they recommend — Also the expense of repairing the main sewer of the college.

—Faculty Minutes, March 14, 1831
March 21, 1831 — The Society requested Mr. Browne to engage the steward and to superintend the drainage of the ponds in the manner recommended. —Faculty Minutes, March 21, 1831
July, 1831 — The repairs of the College have been slowly progressing but are not yet completed. However it may here be permitted to say that the College building is now in a better condition than for many years past. The Society has ordered the Chapel again to be fitted up. Every stranger that visits us asks to be admitted into it and its condition for some time past has been such as to shock not only transient visitors, but the religious sense of the community at large, by which means the reputation of the College has been seriously impaired. —Report of the Faculty to the Visitors, July 1831

July, 1831 —Some members of the President's family having been long and very ill last fall, and there being reason to believe that their and the other cases of sickness usual here from year to year have been caused from ponds of water constantly collected on the Jamestown and Richmond Roads in the vicinity of the Brafferton and President's house, the Society have thought proper to cause 83 those ponds to be drained.

With the exception of two months during which the College servant was sick and Abraham was obliged to take his place, the college carpenter has been faithful enough at his duty, and besides the varied and sundry repairs and miscellaneous work, the chapel has been repaired, painted and furnished with benches; and he has for some time past been occupied in preparing posts, and paling the College yard. He will afterwards be engaged in shingling the Northwest Wings of the College, and in repairing the interior of the buildings, particularly the students lodging rooms.

— Report of the Faculty to the Visitors, July, 1831
July 6, 1831 — ORDERED: That the committee of repairs cause the fire places in the President's house Rumfordized. — Faculty Minutes, July 6, 1831
March 8, 1832 — Whereas on the 5th instant Mr. Charles W. Byrd introduced a horse into College, rode him repeatedly through the upper passage and into the front porch. … —Faculty Minutes, March 8, 1832
July, 1833 — As to the repairs of the College that have been observed, besides small improvements, the north-west wing of the College has been shingled and a large apartment on the ground floor of that wing has been 84 divided into two for the better accommodation of the Classical Schools. Arrangements are now being made to shingle the rest of the buildings as all of them much need it. —Report of the Faculty to the Visitors, July 1833.

June 25, 1834 — Steward's report of the damage done to college by the storm of the 21st instant;—

College building — South end — one sash broke and 47 panes of glass.

West side and ends of wings — 4 small sashes and one and one-half large ones broken, also 43 panes of glass besides. Large folding door to school room down, with some brick work also the partition therein, a part of which may answer to be put up again.

North end: Four large windows and three small ones blown in. Glass enough in those to make up the deficiency in the other windows at that end.

Front: One window and two sashes or half windows blown in. (Some glass not broke.) Also-twenty-two panes besides in windows not blown in.

—Faculty Minutes, June 25, 1834

September 1, 1834 — The President was authorized to have a partition fence made in the yard belonging to the President's house.

It was resolved that the gate leading from the yard of the Brafferton house to the college yard be 85 closed and a stile or steps substituted, and the President was authorized to have the stile or steps made and placed where the gate now is.

— Faculty Minutes, September 1, 1834
June 19, 1835 — The President reports that in the third story of the College a door that was nailed up has, within about three or four days, been broken down, that in another place the lathing and plastering has been taken down, and a secret passage opened into the belfry; that by means of that passage some of the students two or three days ago got to the inside of the belfry passage and unscrewed the fastenings recently put upon the belfry door. —Faculty Minutes, June 19, 1835
July, 1835 — In repairing the injuries sustained by the college in the storm of June, 1834, the expenses incurred have swelled far beyond what they were estimated in our last report. They have already amounted to about six hundred dollars, and one heavy item of damage remains still to be repaired; Viz: the large folding door at the west end of the North Wing of the college together with the brick frame and arch by which it was surrounded was swept away in the storm. These would have been replaced last fall, but both then and since suitable workmen can not be had except at very exorbitant prices, which 86 the Society think is wrong to give. Arrangements however have been recently made to repair the injury soon after the Grammar School has been dismissed. — Annual Report of the Faculty to the Visitors, July, 1835.
November 16, 1835 — The College building is calculated to accommodate from forty to fifty students. There is a house on the premises the property of the College, intended for and occupied by the President. The other Professors have no accommodations furnished by the College. They have indeed the right to make use, of the apartments in the College building; but this right has not been exercised for many years, it being more convenient for them to reside in the town This right too if exercised would necessarily abridge the capacity of the building to accomodate students. -Faculty Minutes, November 16, 1835
November 15, 1836 — Professors Browne and Millington were appointed a committee to investigate the expense of altering the Classical School rooms for the Chemical Laboratory and Philosophical rooms, and to report thereon. -Faculty Minutes, November 15, 1836-

December 25, 1836 — Professors Browne and Millington having been appointed a committee, on the 15th ultimo, to report 87 upon the expense of altering the northwest wing of the college into a Chemical Laboratory and Philosophical lecture room reported that they had met Mr. Bassett, the builder, upon the premises, and had requested him to make an estimate upon the premises, and had requested him to make an estimate upon the expense of such alteration. His estimate was accordingly this day produced in writing, and amounted to about $175 for furnishing the necessary lumber and boards for making a floor over such rooms, including pine columns to support the same and all charges including labor, laths, nails, and all plastering for finishing the same.

Mr. Millington reported verbally that Mr. Bassett in the above had made no allowance for pulling down old work, for raising the heavy timbers, for moving the benches and furnaces out of the present laboratory, and for some necessary brick work; and that in his opinion the alterations could be completed between $400 and $450.

It was resolved that it is expedient these alterations should be made, but from the length of the present days and the exceedingly cold weather the work should not be commenced until the ensuing Spring; but in the meantime Professor Browne was requested to obtain the price of the necessary timber according to the bill to be made out by Mr. Bassett, and to have it delivered upon the premises so as to prevent delay when the work should proceed 88 provided the price was approved of by the Society.

—Faculty Minutes, December 2, 1836

January 9, 1837 — The steward made the following report:

On the night of the 4th of this month the following damage was committed on the College. The Blue Room door was injured and one panel knocked out of the following doors; the room opposite the Library and ditto out of each of the doors on the cross passage, the former Law Lecture Room broken open and the door injured and part of the sash broken and the glass broken out in the cross passage.

In the room occupied by Messers. Jones and Crump the bricks over the fire place have fallen down; also in the room occupied by Messers. Henry and Semple the fire place is partly fallen down, both of which I believe to be natural decay and want repair.

— Faculty Minutes, January 9, 1837
March 13, 1837 — The steward reported to the meeting the necessity of having doors with locks to the cellars in the College, as that place was becoming very filthy and disagreeable from the use now made of it. — Faculty Minutes, March 13, 1837
March 20, 1837 — RESOLVED: That in consequence of the large number of students and the extra trouble of moving the library into the upper south room, the salary of the 89 librarian for the present year ending July 4 next will be $75. —Faculty Minutes, March 20, 1837
May 15, 1837 — The bill of John Morris for plastering work done in the new Library amounting to $6.75 was presented, examined and ordered to be paid. —Faculty Minutes, May 15, 1837
June 29, 1837 — ORDERED: That a long table serving the purpose of a book case be made for the Library under the direction of Professor Browne and Millington. — Faculty Minutes, June 29, 1837
July 5, 1837 — Professor Browne was appointed a committee to have the lodging rooms in college repaired, and also the palings to the front yard. — Faculty Minutes, July 5, 1837
July 6, 1837 — Professor Millington was requested to purchase two new stoves with iron flue-pipes for the Chemical and Philosophical Lecture Rooms, and a sufficient quantity of new flue pipe for the present stove in the large lecture room. —Faculty Minutes, July 6, 1837
May 5, 1838 — Aetna Insurance Company against loss or damage by fire, to the amount of Ten thousand dollars, on the College Building and Wings attached and a part thereof, situated in the suburbs of Williamsburg in James City County, of brick two stories high about 108 by 140 feet 90 and covered with shingles being entirely detached having no buildings nearer than at the distance of more than 100 feet. This College was erected about a century ago of the best English materials, is plaistered and furnished and in good preservation — is valued by the Mutual Assurance Society under their Policy at $70,000. $20,000 is insured on the building in the Mutual Assurance Office of Virginia and $10,000 in Protection of Hartford Ct., a description of which furnished Ro. Anderson Esq. is on file in this office. — Countersigned at Richmond, Va., Fifth of May, 1838
October 26, 1840 — The steward reported that the kitchen and smoke house of the Brafferton House stood in great need of repairs. Faculty Minutes, October 26, 1840
July 5, 1841 — S. T. Bowman for bricklayers work on the back entrance steps, and fitting up the Chapel; $7.00. — Faculty Minutes, July 5, 1841
January 2, 1843 — Shandy was permitted to occupy with his family the college kitchen instead of the previous arrangement. —Faculty Minutes, January 2, 1843.
July 29, 1845 — The College of William and Mary, at this place, of which I am a professor is overshadowed by venerable elm trees of a noble growth. — Correspondence of Judge N.B. Tucker, July 29, 1844 — William and Mary College Historical Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. XII, page 154, 155.
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July 3, 1845 — ORDERED: That Mr. Saunders be a committee to have the Brafferton House shingled and the floor of the college passage below stairs repaired, and that he be empowered to draw upon the bursar for the funds necessary. — Faculty Minutes, July 3, 1845

July 14, 1845 — It was resolved that two thousand dollars, or so much thereof as shall be necessary, shall be expended in the necessary repairs of the college and its buildings. That in as much as the faculty have already ordered the Brafferton House to be reshingled and the floor of the passage below to be repaired, that this work shall be considered as parts of such reparation, and moreover all the sashes, frames, and external woodwork of the college and such internal parts as may stand in need of it shall be painted with at least two coats of good oil paint.

Ordered: That the old Chemical laboratory shall be fitted up as a Mathematical Lecture Room and that Professor Saunders be a committee to attend to the same and to procure a new stove for such room.

— Faculty Minutes, July 14, 1845
July 16 , 1845 — Our class rooms are lofty and well ventilated. The Physical Department of Chemistry and Natural Philosophy are furnished with a more extensive apparatus than can be found almost anywhere else — Our library, now beautifully arranged and displayed in a recently finished 92 room, contains some several thousand volumes, many from their antiquity are almost incapable of purchese… — Valedictory address, William and Mary College — The Richmond Enquirer, Richmond, Virginia, July 16, 1845
August 21 , 1845 — A bill of Mr. Richard Bassett for fifty-one feet of granite steps at four shillings per foot signed and ordered. — Faculty Minutes, August 21, 1845
March 4, 1846 — RESOLVED: That the buildings called President's House and Brafferton ought hereafter to be occupied by the President and one of the professors, and that a committee be appointed to inquire and report to the next meeting of the Visitors whether a dining room can be provided in the College, and in what part of it and at what cost it can be done, and at what cost suitable building for the accommodation of a steward can be erected, and if the funds of the College can justify the expenditure for these purposes. (Swem Notes give this date as 1848 yet indicate the reference as of 1846, at the top; the latter is likely correct).
— Faculty Minutes, March 4, 1846.
March 4, 1848 — RESOLVED: By the Board of Visitors that the Faculty be requested to leave the College building painted with some permanent wash, and the palings painted or white washed, and the whole appurtenances of the College property 93. put in some more neat condition than it now presents, and that there be set out on all the College premises whatever may be necessary or proper for use or ornament. — Resolution of 4th of March, 1848
1848 — In 1848 the dissentions among the friends of the College involving the Board of Visitors, the Faculty and the citizens of Williamsburg, springing from the administration of College affairs had reached such a pitch, and the College Buildings were in such need of repair, it was deemed advisable to suspend the Exercises excepting those of the Law Class for one year to give time for the excitement and prejudice growing out of the transactions of the two preceding years to subside, and for the building s to be put in habitable condition. — Faculty Minutes, August 2, 1865
November 166, 1849 — RESOLVED: That in consideration of the small number of students at this time in attendance, the petition of the law students to be permitted to room in the College be granted on the following conditions: First, that they conform in all respects to the laws and regulations governing the academic students. Second, that they may be called upon to vacate their rooms whenever an increase of the academic students may render it necessary. — Faculty Minutes, November 166, 1849
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July 5, 1850 — The committee entrusted with the purchase of apparatus, and the repairs of the College Buildings and the grounds report the sum of 2000 dollars has been laid out in the purchase and repairs of the Chemical and Philosophical apparatus — chiefly by the Professor of Chimistry and Natural Philosophy. The whole sum expended in repairs is $4903.28 The repairs have been extensive. A considerable part of the enclosure has been made new, and the grounds cleaned up and enlarged, the out houses moved and repaired, the kitchen attached to the Brafferton House rebuilt, the wells cleaned out and pumps put in them, a cistern made in the yard of the President's House, the cellars drained, the wood work outside and inside of the College Buildings, the Brafferton house and the President's House painted, as well as the palings around the front yard, the flooring, the window frames, and doors of the Brafferton house repaired, the plastering mended, a porch and covered way built to the President's House, the interior of the President's House refitted, the plastering of the College and the wood work repaired, and the latter painted. This is but an outline of the various repairs. Many of them were actually necessary for the preservation of the Buildings. A proper attention to the comfort of those residing on the College grounds would have justified the expenditure of a larger sum.
— Report by Mr. Ewell on the repairs to the College Buildings, and grounds during the latter portion of the year 1848 and the years 1849 and 1850 — Faculty Minutes, July 5, 1850. 95
March 11, 1851 — Professors Totten and Ewell were appointed a committee for superintending repairs on the Brafferton House, for which they were authorized to expend a sum not exceeding $600. -Faculty Minutes, March 11, 1851
October 19, 1852 — A petition was presented from Messrs. Lee, Clarke, and Custis, praying to be allowed to form a new debating society. It was resolved that the petition be granted and that the new society be allowed to choose a room from those over the Chapel. — Faculty Minutes, October 19, 1852

July 4, 1853 — RESOLVED: That the bursar be directed to pay to Dr. Totten $75., being the sum appropriated for the covered way at the Brafferton House.

RESOLVED: That Professors Totten and Ewell be a committee to superintend the building of an ice house for the College

— Faculty Minutes, July 4, 1853
October 24Nov. 1, 1853 — A petition from the students living in a part of College called Nova Scotia was received asking that a lantern be hung to light the stairway. Granted. — Faculty Minutes, October 24Nov. 1, 1853
February 18, 18541851 — Bill of D. S. Cowles for making Bowling Alley amounting to $90.65 was ordered to be paid.
— Faculty Minutes, February 18, 18541851 96
July 3, 1854 — The condition of the building is such that it requires continual repairs. It was badly constructed in the beginning, and now owing to the length of time and hard usage the place occupied by the students is hardly tenantable. It now need thorough repairs, little less than the entire renovation of the whole interior of the building. We have direct proof of the injury done to the Institution by the dilapidated state of the building in the fact that several students who came to Williamsburg at the beginning of the session, displeased at the appearance of the College, left without matriculating, others were with difficulty persuaded to remain. To put the building in complete repair so that it can compare in comfort and appearance with most of the colleges in the country we require an outlay of at least ten thousand dollars. — Report of the Faculty to the Visitors, July 3, 1854
July 4, 1854 — RESOLVED: That the Faculty be authorized to back such steps as they may deem expedient to carry out, and recommend to raise by subscription a fund for the repairs of the College buildings and the enlargement of a permanent fund. — Faculty Minutes, July 4, 1854
May 8, 1855 — William B. Harrison having sent his subscription of $250 for repairing the College Building, 97 Resolved: That a part of the subscription be expended for the painting of the Chapel and refitting the ante room of the Library, and the Library. — Faculty Minutes, May 8, 1855

July 26, 1855 — … The seats, aisles and gallery, even the windows of the chapel, were crowded with eager and attentive faces while many went away, and many more amused themselves lounging about the lecture rooms and piazza, and in the shade of the beautiful young trees in the yard.

…In the afternoon the visitors, citizens and students assembled in the piazza, to partake of a repast furnished by the Faculty.

The Virginia Gazette, Williamsburg, Virginia, July 26, 1855

March 18, 1856 — The subject of repairing the College building having been brought up, Messers. Ewell and Totten were appointed a committee to examine and report upon it.

Resolved: That the Rev. Edmund Murdaugh be appointed agent to collect money for the repairing of the College building.

—Faculty Minutes, March 1825, 1856

April 815, 1856 — The committee appointed to examine into the condition of the College building reported and recommended it as expedient to repair and remodel the interior of 98 the building the present season.

Resolved: That a committee of Messrs. Ewell, Totten and Washington be appointed to superintend and direct the proposed repairs.

— Faculty Minutes, April 815, 1856

May 30, 1856 — The following improvements are to be made at the College:

The front portico is to be widened so as to include a window on each side and a new flight of steps are to take the place of the wellworn ones that have performed their office since 1723. The lecture rooms are to be painted and refitted after the style of the chapel and every convenience that can be devised will be given them. They will be situated on the firSt floor and the chemical and philosophical apparatus will occupy the right wing.

On the second floor great changes are to be made. At the south end of the long hall there will be a society hall 40 feet in length and 22 ft. in width, with a pitch of 17 feet. At the north end another society hall of about the same dimensions, to be fitted up in the handsomest style, — roomy platforms, cases for the libraries, carpets, chandeliers, etc . The venerable "Blue Room" will remain as it is, still decorated with its historical portraits, etc. The College Library Hall will be made more convenient by an entrance at the side, the 99 old entrance through the ante-room being dispensed with, the ante-room being comprised in one of the society Halls. The rest of the area on the second floor will be taken up by a hall and convenient airy rooms for students. The ascent from the first to the second story will be by two new stairways, broad and conveniently located.

The third story will also undergo an internal transformation. All the walls will be pulled down, and the rude arches and corpulent chimneys placed there by our ancestors, more for show than for use, will give way to more useful and less bulky rafters and chimneys. The flooring will be relaid and the whole area will be taken up by larger and more convenient dormitories for students. The old rickety belfry will be replaced by a larger and handsomer one, the whole to be finished before commencement next year.

— The Southern Argus, Norfolk, Va., May 30, 1856
August 28, 1856 — The repairs of the College are rapidly speeding to completion. The interior of the building will soon present a new and more becoming aspect. The two spacious halls, for the literary societies, one at the Northern the other at the Southern extremity of the venerable structure, are well designed and impart much to its beauty and ornament. The accommodations for the young men are advantageously modified, each apartment being well ventilated by means of two commodious windows, the rooms themselves being spacious. Formerly the 100 students suffered no little inconvenience, by being straightened in their accommodations, but now no College in the United States can vaunt of better apartments for their individual comfort and convenience. As the pecuniary resources of the College are, at present, nearly exhausted, the citizens of Williamsburg, in the accustomed liberality of their hearts, will surely do all in their power, exert every nerve to improve the building, not only on the platform of solid utility but artistic adornment, by supplying the literary rooms, at least, with suitable appurtenances in relation to furniture. — The Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., August 28, 1856
July 8, 1857 — The College has been thoroughly repaired and altered so much that an old student would not know its interior. The two Societies have very handsome halls on the 2nd floor. Many new dormitories have been added and old ones fitted up; so that its sleeping arrangements are equal to any in the State. Its faculty is one of the ablest in the country, and the advantages of this institution must, in time, come to be properly appreciated by persons having boys to educate. — The Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Virginia, July 8, 1857

1859 — Letters from the Country — No. 3.
Chickenhominy River, Va.

Dear Editur:
Fortywoitus Circumstances have deterred me from writing to tell about my rival in towne. But now i 101 intend no longer to disapint you — so here goes as the little boy sed when he run by himself. — Arter I had started from Sweet tater hill, me & ole Sleepy (my ole horse) jogged along at a right smart gate, till by and by, I seed a grate many houses, it looked jist like so many plantations all drewd into a lump. The most prominent object that distracted my attention was a grate long looking brick house setting jam by the rode, with two more houses sot at each back end, forming 3 sides of a squar; a kolleger told me afterwards they were kalled the pinions of the edifice. This bilden had a crowd of windows to it, some flat & some jutin out. As I approached the towne the side of the main bilden t'wards I hadn't any doors, but was arched like the picturs of London bridge in my school geographe. On top of this bilden which I afterwards herd was the kollege, thar was sot a large sized pigion house, no doubt some kollegers stole it from roun somewhars & put it up thar, at any rate it looks dreadful bad, & is as much out of place, as Tom Thumb's night cap, would be on the head of king Goliah, whom David slew in the bible.

I rode along easy & was just enterin towne, when out from the front part of the kollege a hole crowd of fellers came rushing & hollering out. Ole Sleepy pricked up his ears & gan to snort, — & the more he galeled the more the fellers with books shouted.

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Ole Sleepy never liked noise no how & as a natural concequence, he rared and pranced & ran rite in the middle of a green puddle of water, & besides splattering me all over, spilt all my biskets & cakes & started up a hole flock of geeses, & they kept up such another to do, that i don't know which flock of geeses kept up the most racket. I wouldn't have minded the losin of the cakes, but those darned kollegers yelled & haw hawed, like they hadnt any sense.

And as an episode, mistur editur, what upon yearth does the sitty kounsel keep that mud puddle by kollege for? I suppose it is for the geeses, for theres plenty of um in yore towne. Well old Sleepy struck for down the street jist like he was mad, & it was as much as I could do to keep my breath, and on the saddle. You ought to herd the kollegers shouten.

"Hello greeny, your horse's tail is droppin off!"

"Go it lemmons, if you do get squeezed!"

"Mind yer eye stranger, or you'll be fotched up a standing," & al such stuff.

Really mistur editur i pity the poor kollegers but I reckon they dont act so out of malishousness, but jest from a little lack of good breedin.

Old sleepy, slakened, when got to the grave yard, with the church in it, that's got a steeple with a clock in it, that wants white washin mighte bad. I driv up to 103 the tavern with a sign to it, & a mighte jolly & fat ole gentleman askem me in, & had ole sleepy led to the stable.

No more till next time.

Yours in precipitation,
Mr. JOBE GREEN.

P. S. What a crowd of relations the tavern keeper must have, nearly all the young men call him uncle Ben.

The Virginia Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., February 8, 1855

February 8, 1859 — RESOLVED: That Dr. Totten be appointed to draw up an account of the conflagration which consumed the College buildings to be spread upon the books of the Faculty.

RESOLVED: That measures be immediately taken to re-build the College edifice.

RESOLVED: That the Bursar be requested to collect without delay the insurance on the Collage buildings.

RESOLVED: That a committee of three be appointed to obtain plans and specifications to be submitted to the Visitors for the renewal of the College edificies, with power to send for an architect.

RESOLVED: That donations be solicited from the Alumni and friends of the College for the purposes above mentioned.

— Faculty Minutes, February 8, 1859
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February 8, 1859 — About two o'clock in the morning of the eighth day of February, 1859, I was aroused from sleep by a servant boy, calling me by name at my chamber door, and crying that the college was on fire so I sprang from my bed, and saw the light streaming in through the windows of the President's House. I raised a window, looked towards the college, and saw two large volumes of flame issuing out of the second and third windows from the entry on the north side of the college edifice. It was evident that the Laboratory and the Library were in advanced conflagration. I threw on my clothes in great haste, and rushed towards the scene. Upon opening the front door of the President's House, I was struck with the terrific roar of the flames, which was unusually great for such a fire. This was probably caused by the burning of the books. I had not reached the college when I met President Ewell, who had just returned from the second floor of the college, where he had been to rescue the students who were sleeping in the dormitories. All the students were fortunately saved, though several of them were for a short time in peril. Three or four of them lost their effects. I urged Mr. Ewell who was not half dressed, to go to his chamber for warmer clothing, as the night was cold and damp, the wind blowing from the North East; but he said that I must first go with him to the basement under the Laboratory, as it was important to discover if possible the origin of the 105 fire I did so. From the appearance of the opening which had then burnt through the floor of the Laboratory, I was convinced that the fire originated in that apartment. There was evidently more fire above the floor than there had been below it. I thought the hole in the floor nearer the case in which many of the chemicals were kept, than to the stove. About ten o'clock the night before a negro man had been cutting wood in the basement under the Laboratory, and he had used a candle in a wooden socket, which he said had burnt out before he left the room. Near midnight Messers. William Tayloe and Peyton Page, students boarding with Mr. Ewell, were passing the north side of the Laboratory. They stopped on this side of the Laboratory and amused themselves by counting the lighted windows of the college. They saw no sign of light in the basement. Later still Mr. Bagwell another student passed by the Laboratory and he saw no sign of fire. About one o'clock Mr. Ewell went into his dining room for something to eat, and he wad attracted by no light in the college.

Soon the citizens of Williamsburg flocked to the sad scene. Ladies and gentlemen were silent, sorrowful spectators of the ravages of the flames. Any attempt to stay their progress would have been in vain. The records of the college were saved, and the old portraits that hung in the Blue room. The President saved the college seal. The most "Valuable furniture of the Lecture rooms and the 106 Library of the Philomathean Society were also saved. Everything in the Chapel was burnt. The mural tablets crumbled under the influence of the heat.

—Robert J. Morrison, February 12, 1859 — From a MS. volume on the College in the Virginia State Library.

February 8, 1859 — On the morning of the 8th of February a few minutes before three or clock the north wing of the College building was discovered to be on fir e. Flames were issuing from the window of the lower story occupied as the Chemical Laboratory. A pile of dry wood in the basement was also on fire, and the flames from this were ascending through an opening in the floor into the Laboratory. Either therefor the fire originated in the Laboratory and burned downward into the basement, or in the basement burning upward through the floor into the Laboratory. It has not been ascertained in what way the fire originated. No person as far as known was in the Laboratory after one o'clock the preceding day. A servant had been cutting wood in the basement the evening before and had a light with him, but he had left about half past ten o'clock, and persons passing by the windows of the basement after twelve o'clock at night saw no appearance of fire at that hour. The fire when discovered had made such progress that there could be no hope of saving the building. From the wing of flames spread with great rapidity through the main building and the south wing taking fire in the roof, a great amount of extremely dry 107 wood was at the same time on fire, and the country was illuminated for miles in every direction. Crowds of spectators stood around the blazing building, but no attempt was made to extinguish the fire as that was hopeless from the beginning. In four hours after the discovery of the fire the wood work of the building was entirely consumed, except here and there a blazing beam upon the walls or fragments of timber smouldering in the ruins.

The Philosophical and Chemical Apparatus was entirely destroyed, not a single book was saved from the Library, the smoke being too dense to enter. The Library, being in the story above the Laboratory was in flames in a short time after the fire was discovered, the fine mural monument of Sir John Randolph and the tablet of Bishop Madison in the Chapel were calcined by the heat and entirely destroyed, the contents of the Blue Room, consisting of the College records and papers, six portraits, and a number of volumes of Congressional reports and about a thousand copies of the new catalogue, were carried out of the building and saved.

The exterior walls are still standing though warped and cracked by the intense heat, all chimneys and a portion of the interior walls have fallen. The loss sustained by the College is not easily estimated. The buildings though old were in good repair, the interior having been almost entirely renewed within the past few years at 108 a cost of six thousand five hundred dollars. The Library contained about eight thousand volumes. It contained many rare and curious books, and many that were valued highly on account of the associations connected with them.

The Philosophical Apparatus may be estimated as worth two thousand dollars. It contained several old instruments valuable for their antiquity as the relics of the science of the former ages. The buildings were insured for twenty thousand dollars. There was no insurance on the Library and other property.

—Doctor Totten's Report on the Burning of the College — Faculty Minutes, February 12, 1859
February 10, 1859 — The flames burst from the lower windows of the north wing, and the whole interior of the laboratory was ablaze. The library and philosophical laboratory were entirely consumed Students sleeping over the library [third floor] barely escaped with their lives. Records and papers and the pictures in the Blue Room were saved and the books and furniture for the Philomathean Society . Nothing was saved from the Hall of the Phoenix Society. The students in the Main building and south wing [third floor] saved their clothing and books. The origin of the fire is unknown. There was a servant in the basement at ten P. M. Much wood was stored there. —The Southern Argus, Norfolk, Va., February 10, 1859
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February 10, 1859 — The College building was four stories high, with a frontage of 156 feet, and was insured for $22,000.

Note: — The frontage given here as 156 feet is a mistake; it should be 136 feet.

— Richmond Daily Dispatch, Richmond, Va., February 10, 1859.

THIRD BUILDING Building was occupied in October 1859.
Building was burned September 9, 1862.

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THE WREN BUILDING
(3) THIRD BUILDING

March 1, 1859 — A letter having been received from Mr. Grigsby stating that Mr. Ridley, the chief referee selected by him, the Rector of the Board of Visitors and two other members of the same, had expressed a decided opinion in favor of the old walls, on the ground of strength, economy and dispatch, and further that he, as Representative of the Board of Visitors, gave his decision in favor of retaining them, the question having been raised whether the Faculty should adopt his decision, and the ayes and noes demanded, the vote stood as follows; Ayes — five.

Dr. Totten protested against the votes being taken without further deliberation.

— Faculty Minutes, March 1, 1859

March 1, 1859 — The reasons given in the above paper as those which induced its author to protest against the proceedings of the Faculty are so plausible, and upon a momentary consideration of them, so conclusive, that those members of the Faculty whose convictions of duty constrained them to the course they adopted deem it due to themselves to have recorded also the reasons for their action. The Board of Visitors at the late convocation appointed Mr. Hugh Blair Grigsby of Norfolk to act in 111 conjunction with the Faculty as a building committee and in order to guard against ill-advised measures adopted a further resolution requiring the plan selected by the committee and the contract necessary to its execution to be referred to the Rector of the Board of Visitors and to two other members of the same body to be named by him for their approval. On the 21st of February the Rector appointed William B. Harrison Esq. and Dr. Nathaniel Osborne to decide with him all questions proper to be referred to them under the resolution of the Visitors, and on the same day at Mr. Grigsby's instance the Faculty were summoned to meet him, the Rector and Mr. Harrison and Dr. Osborne at the house of the President of the College. A joint meeting was accordingly there held, and it was arranged by Mr. Grigsby and others that an opinion should be expressed as to whether or nor the old walls should be used. After much discussion it was finally determined that Mr. Ridley of Norfolk, a most respectable brick-layer, and a man of forty-five years experience as a builder of walls, and Mr. Bowman of Williamsburg, a brick-layer also, and a man of good character, good sense and much experience as a builder of walls should inspect the walls of the College, and that in case their decision should be in favor of rebuilding upon them, steps should be immediately taken to begin the work of reconstruction, provided a suitable and economical building could be made upon the old ground plan. These referees examined the walls 112 together and concurred in the opinion that they were strong enough for a warehouse even, there being more than one million two hundred and fifty thousand bricks in them, that such walls could not be built for less than ten thousand dollars, and that the present walls cannot be pulled down without a very great destruction of bricks. They further more gave it as their opinion that if an attempt were made to erect a new College edifice that more than a year would elapse before it could be ready for use.

When the decision of these gentlemen was officially communicated by Mr. Grigsby, the Faculty, nearly a month having elapsed since the fire and the question of rebuilding having in their judgment been deliberately considered, did not think that they were acting hastily in taking the steps recorded above, more especially as they believed that the proposed arrangement for the interior of the old walls would be convenient, comfortable and well ventilated, and that their exterior would present in appearance of sufficient architectural pretension.

The faculty deemed it a matter of great importance that proper steps should be taken to guard against any interruption of the regular College exercises, and therefore thought it expedient to spare no exertion to have the College edifice for use by the opening of the next session.

The majority of the Faculty are unable to state what is the opinion of the public, but they believe that as many 113 of the friends of the College who are familiar with the facts are in favor of building upon the old walls as are in favor of erecting a new edifice.

The majority of the Faculty also believe that they have paid a due regard to the interests of the College as well as to posterity in their having consulted the requirements of economy as well as those of good taste and proper dispatch.

Robert J. Morrison
Edwin Taliaferro
Thomas T. L. Snead
Benj. S. Ewell
Edward S. Joynes

Note: Every brick-layer who has seen the old walls has expressed the opinion that it would be wasteful extravagance to pull them down and build new ones.

— Faculty Minutes, March 1, 1859

March 2, 1859 — Meeting of the Students of William & Mary College.

At a meeting of the students of William and Mary College, held in Williamsburg, on Tuesday 10th ult., Walter Weir of Prince William, was called to the Chair, and James N. Stubbs, of Gloucester appointed Secretary.

Peyton N. Page, of Gloucester, then submitted a few remarks explanatory of the object of the meeting, viz: to obtain an expression of the sense of the students concerning the late destruction of the College buildings. After which Frank H. Alfriend of Richmond city, offered the following preamble and resolutions, which were unanimously adopted:

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Whereas, we the students of William & Mary College, were called upon to witness the destruction by fire, on the night of the 7th of February, of the time-honored institution, whence have issued so many of the good and great of Virginia's sons — a lamentable catastrophy, whose remembrance will never cease to awaken painful emotions in our hearts, we resolve, Firstly, that while we have contemplated with emotions of the deepest sorrow and regret, the destruction of a venerable building whose every timber we regarded as sacred, we feel ourselves as in duty bound to offer our humble thanks to Almighty God that it has pleased Him to spare us the lives of those of our companions, which were so imminently endangered during the conflagration.

Secondly, That we hold any individual loss we may have sustained, whether of effect, or by the temporary interruption of our studies, as far subordinate to the loss to our country of such a valuable historic monument; and to the loss to which the friends of learning sustain in the destruction of a library unequalled in variety and antiquity, to any in the Union, and incomparable with the loss to ourselves, of the privilege of following the "noble pursuit of knowledge", within walls hallowed by association with the college days of such scholars as Peyton Randolph, Jefferson, Monroe, Marshall, Tyler, Scott, and other immortal examples of a past and present age in the camp and the council chamber, of the benign influence exercised by their "Alma Mater".

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Thirdly, that we cordially tender the Faculty our sympathy in their temporary dilemma, and we commend the noble spirit which has induced them to take immediate steps towards preparation for reconstructing the College; and further we tender them our earnest hope and confident belief, that instead of a permanent injury to their institution, the recent calamity will result in much good, giving as it must, a stimulus to its friends to exert themselves anew towards the perpetuation of her glory, for the attainment of which end we know no more effectual means than a resurrection from her yet smoking ashes.

Fourthly, that we will meet with merited scorn any suggestion to abandon the friends of the College in their temporary embarrassment; that on the contrary we are fully determined to remain in Williamsburg and conform to the arrangements of the faculty, until a few brief months have expired when we trust we shall see "Dear Old William and Mary", renovated and rejuvenated, rise from her ruins.

Fifthly, That we tender the citizens of Williamsburg our heartfelt gratitude, in view of the noble generosity which dictated the throwing open their doors to those of our companions who might need shelter; and that in this generous manifestation we but recognize a re-expression of their uniform kindness and courtesy towards the students of William and Mary.

Mr. Page then offered the following resolution, which was likewise adopted:

Sixthly, That a copy of the proceedings of this meeting 116 be sent to the Board of Visitors of the College; also, that a copy be sent to the editors of the Richmond Enquirer, with the request that they be published, and that the other papers of the State be requested to copy.
—Walter Weir, Chm'n.
Jas. N. Stubbs, Sec'y

° The Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., March 2, 1859

March 2, 1859 — In the recent conflagration of William & Mary, we have learned that the Phenix Literary Society, lost all of its furniture, worth $150, and the entire Library of new and valuable books, which cost upwards of $500. The Philomathean Society lost comparatively nothing, as its hall was in the South or opposite wing. The young gentlemen, however, have not despaired, they have been holding their Associations regularly as heretofore.

The Faculty purchased immediately contiguous to the College, a new and commodious brick building, of S. T. Bowman, Esq., well suited for the young men's lodging and eating quarters, and for lecturing purposes.

The Visitorial Board, have agreed without a solitary dissenting voice, that the College shall be re-erected on the same spot and operations to commence forthwith.

— The Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., March 2, 1859
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March 2, 1859 — The Burning of William and Mary College — Public Meeting in Williamsburg.

At a large and enthusiastic meeting of the citizens of Williamsburg, held at the Court House, on the 8th of February, 1859, Robert Saunders, Mayor of the city, took the Chair, and John D. Munford was appointed Secretary.

The Mayor, at the conclusion, of a brief but eloquent and impressive address, stated that the object of the meeting was to take prompt and efficient measures to rebuild the college edifice this day destroyed by fire and that he was ready to entertain any proposition that might be offered to the consideration of the meeting; whereupon it was:

1 — RESOLVED: That we feel the deepest grief at the calamity which has just befallen our community and the State at large in the burning of the venerable College of William and Mary, and we hereby pledge ourselves to use every effort to rebuild it in the shortest possible time, and to place it upon a basis which will secure a future career of usefulness no less brilliant than its past has afforded.

2 — That we forthwith proceed to evince our earnest desire to carry out the object of the above resolution by now subscribing for that purpose.

3 — That a committee of five be appointed by the Chair, to apply to the citizens of Williamsburg and its vicinity for subscriptions to be applied to the erection of a new College building on the site of the one just destroyed, and further that the same committee prepare 118 an address to the Alumni and friends of the College throughout the State, urging on them to cooperate by all the means in their power not only to repair the damages made by the late conflagration, but also to make it the occasion of adopting such measure as will promote the future welfare of this venerable institution of learning. Whereupon the Chair appointed the following gentlemen as that Committee:
Dr. Ro. M. Garrett, Wm. S. Peachy, Wm. R. C. Douglass, Ro. H. Armistead, and J. B. Cosnaham.

4 — RESOLVED: That copies of these proceedings, signed by the Chairman and Secretary be sent to the Southern Argus in Norfolk, and to some leading paper in Richmond, with a request for their publication; and that the editors of the other papers in those cities and elsewhere throughout Virginia, be requested to copy them in their respective papers.
—Ro. Saunders, Ch'm.
John D. Munford, Sec'y.

— The Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., March 2, 1859
March 5, 1859 — The minutes of a meeting requesting Mr. Exall of Richmond — Architect — to furnish a new plan for the College, and a second plan retaining the old walls have been mislaid. — Note: This entry was made by President Ewell in the Minutes of the Faculty between March 1 and March 7, 1859. — Faculty Minutes, March, 1859.
119
March 7, 1859 — RESOLVED: That a messenger be dispatched to Richmond tomorrow to inform Mr. Exall that we decline to receive his plans, etc, having failed to comply with his agreement to furnish them on Monday, March 7. Ayes 1, Noes 5. — Faculty Minutes, March 7, 1859

March 8, 1859 — John Tyler, Rector of the College, to Gov. H. A. Wise
Sherwood Forest, March 8, 1859

My dear Sir:
Your letter reached me last Friday, and I have lost no time in guarding the gentlemen of the Faculty and through them Mr. Grigsby, against unreliable estimates. My opinion is that the only way to restrain the expenditure within the estimate is to make the architect who furnishes the estimate also the builder, and bind him by contract. Or if the estimate be regarded as too large, to advertize for proposals within a certain limit. In former times I have had so much to do with false estimates in matters wherein the public interests were concerned, that I acknowledge my fear of them. The rule above laid down was observed whenever practicable, and found to work well. As to the person you mentioned, I had never heard of him until I received your letter, and have lost no time, as I have before stated, in writing to Mr. Ewell. I entirely concur'd with you in 120 the views you express'd at Mr Ewell's, and would only consent to alter them upon one condition, viz: a perfect conviction that the old walls are firm, and a decided saving in the outlay. After you left, I was assur'd by Mr. Morrison, and I think Mr. Ewell and Mr. Grigsby, that the using the old walls would be attended with a saving of $8,000 or $10,000, and looking to the extension of the plan after your own suggestion, viz: the erection of a laboratory and chemical apparatus room separate from the main building. I concluded that so large a saving could not, in the state of our funds, be disregarded. This is the extent of my committal upon the subject. Doctor Totten, in whose judgment I have much confidence, has written me a long letter upon the subject, and estimates that the cost of a new house would not exceed that of bui1ding on the old walls much more than $1500. He may, however, be deceived. I therefore wait for the estimates. Many of our friends are sanguine of a large collection of funds from private contributions. I confess that I am not so. I remember the failure of the effort made during the time I occupied the station now filled by yourself to rescue Mr. Jefferson from bankruptcy. I presided over the meeting of the citizens, and we had eloquent speeches and the expenditure of a vast deal of breath, but that was all. The money did not come. I fear the same result now. Economy should therefore be our watchword. The joint committee are expected here from Williamsburg at an early day. Harrison 121 and Osburn are my near neighbors, and are both practical men. We shall freely consult each other, and I hope to arrive at a safe conclusion.

With best regards to Mrs. Wise, and constant esteem and friendship in which my good wife most truly unites,
I am
Faithfully yours,
John Tyler.

March 11, 1859 — A short time after the College was burned the Faculty purchased, with the consent of the Visitors, the house opposite the Brafferton as a College Hotel for the sum of $4600, $750 of which Mr. Bowman agreed to subscribe to the College Building Fund. — Note: Written in the hand of President Ewell after the Minutes of March 11, 1859.
—Faculty Minutes, March 11, 1859

March 11, 1859 — RESOLVED: That Mr. Snead be requested to go to Richmond on Tuesday next with imperative instructions from the Faculty to Mr. Exall to alter further the plan which he submitted on Thursday last by leaving out the third story, and to request him to send the plan as modified by all the alterations which have been authorized by the Faculty, to the President of the College by Friday next.

RESOLVED: That Mr. Exall be further instructed not 122 to increase the present elevation of the wall more than six feet, an elevation deemed by the Faculty sufficient for the cornice.

—Faculty Minutes, March 11, 1859
March 11, 1859 — RESOLVED: That Mr. Eben Faxon, Architect, be written to by Dr. Totten to come on to Williamsburg for the purpose of preparing a new plan for the College building and that a fair compensation be allowed for his services and that he be considered the Architect if his plan be adopted. — Faculty Minutes, March 11, 1859
March 21, 1859 — Names of Contributors to Rebuild the College of William and Mary
In 1859, From New York City.
James T. SoutterNew YorkRobert Carter & BrothersNew York
J. A. & T. A. Patterson" "William H. Davidge" "
H. C. Hardy & Co." "Arnold, Constable & Co." "
Chas. M. Connolly & Co." "B. M. Wheelock & Co." "
P. S. Marsh" "Tredwell, Whitcomb & Co." "
Collins & Thrackston" "J. J. Jaffray & Sons" "
Dubois & Vandervoort" "Jonathan Sturges" "
Charles M. Fry & Co." "Taliaferro & co." "
William H. Price" "Claffin, Mellen & Co." "
Howell Williams" "Lathrop & Wilkinson" "
Hawkins & Logan" "William Smith Brown" "
Burkholder, Dennis & co." "John Caswell & Co." "
123
George G. SampsonNew YorkA. T. StewartNew York
W. H. Newman & Co." "Henry, Smith & Townsend." "
Charles Luling" "Duryes, Jaques & Co." "
Henry M. Morris" "James L. Schieflin" "
Udolpho Wolfe" "Chalres Scribner" "
Wolfe, Dash & Co." "Cooper & Pond" "
Bell, Pace, Lavender & Co." "Walsh, Coulter & Co." "
Gray & Glassell" "Russell, Erwin & Co." "
Thomas Monahan" "E. S. Mills & Co." "
Rowland & Banks" "Columbia College" "
D. Appleton & Co." "U. S. Military Academy" "
James Hunter" "Rev. W. B. Sprague D.D" "
S. C. Paxson" "
C. H. Bosher" "
R. Withers" "
Ried & Nash" "
— Faculty Minutes, March 21, 1859.
124
March 22, 1859 — Proposals for rebuilding the edifice of the College of William and Mary, in Williamsburg, Va., will be received by the Faculty till the 8th of April next. The Plan and Specifications will be furnished on application to Eben Faxon, Esq., Architect, Williamsburg, Va.
Address —
T. T. L. Sneed,
Secretary of the Faculty.— The Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., April 6, 1859

March 23, 1859 — Whereas the estimates of Architects for the plan proposed by the Board of Visitors at their late session are beyond the limits of the sum fixed by the Board —

Resolved: unanimously, that the Faculty recommend for the adoption of the Committee of Reference the original plan presented by Mr. Faxon to be modified by lowering the windows and enlarging the towers, and that the detail of external ornaments be left to the judgment of the Architect subject to the approval of the building committee.

Resolved: That the Faculty request from the Committee of Reference authority to proceed with the building by partial contracts, provided no reasonable bid for the whole is obtained.

Professor Totten votes in the affirmative on this resolution believing that the plan of building proposed 125 is the best both in regard to convenience and economy which can be erected upon the old walls, but still retaining his opinion that a new building of equal accommodations and greater convenience and durability can be erected at an equal cost

.

Resolved: That the plan of Mr. Faxon with the window modified as directed by the Board of Visitors be adopted provided the specifications can be made satisfactory.

Resolved: That permission be given to Mr. Ewell to begin and finish the Laboratory according to the approved plan and specifications as soon as possible provided there is no interference with the general contracts.

Resolved: That Mr. Ewall be paid $200 for his services. Ayes 3, Nays 2.

Resolved: That Mr. Faxon be employed as the architect under such regulations and on such remuneration as may hereafter be determined upon by the Faculty.

—Note: This plan is based on retaining the old walls, and is the plan of the present Building, October 12, 1859. (Inserted in hand of Pres. Ewell.)
—Faculty Minutes, March 23, 1859

Boston, April 4, 1859March, 1859 — "Many of the old trees on the road-side greeted me as familiar friends, but I missed the sharp, many windowed roof of the college, and found, as I drew near, that although the solid walls had for the most 126 part, defied the assault of the fire, the whole interior of the wings, as well as main structure, had been turned to ashes.

I drove past, with a tearful eye, noting that the mossy coat of old Botetourt was unscathed, that the dial kept its place, that the president's house and our home, the Brafferton, had not been injured, and that one of those noble live-oaks at the gate was dead…

The Visitors, including John Tyler, Governor Wise, William Harrison of Brandon; Taylor, of Rappahanock; Tazewell Taylor, etc., asked me to confer with them in regard to rebuilding the college. This has been definitely resolved on, and will be commenced on forthwith. The old foundations and the front wall will be retained, but, of course, a more convenient interior has been planned. The insurance money, with what has been and will be collected from friends, will, I believe, put the college in a better condition than before. I obtained in Williamsburg some lithograph views of the college and surroundings taken by Millington's son some years ago, one of which I reserve for your. Though a poor specimen of art, it will be precious as reminding us of the home of our dear father, and the spot where we first caught the inspiration of science. …"

—Visit of William Barton Rogers to Williamsburg—Boston, April 4, 1859
—William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Vol. XII, page 260, 261
127

April 6, 1859 — We have had the pleasure of examining the plan of the College building, which has been selected by the Building Committee — . The old walls will be retained, but the exterior and interior of the new structure will differ from those of the old. The new Edifice or rather the renewed Edifice, will present a front of One Hundred and Thirty-six feet, which will be relieved by two Towers of the Italian style of Architecture. One of these Towers will contain the College bell, the other will be used as an Observatory. The two side-views will present each a front of One Hundred Feet. — The altitude of the new building will be much greater than that of the old building. There will be no dormitories in the College, the Faculty having recently purchased 2 house which affords ample accommodations for Students. The interior of the College edifice will be convenient. There will be six large Lecture Rooms, each opening into an office for a Professor, and a Laboratory which will present all the modern improvements. There will be a spacious room for the Library, and two splendid Society Halls. The old Chapel will "be but little altered. Fortune indeed is it, that there will be no necessity for disturbing the remains of the illustrious dead that repose within those venerated walls — and fortunate indeed is it, that the flames did not so far impair the strength of any of the out-side walls as to render them unfit for use, hence, the identity of the old building will be preserved, and thus not a single hallowed association of the past lost to old William and Mary. The effect of the fire will be 128 only to make the appliances of the College adequate to the demands of the day.

It is with no little satisfaction that we contemplate the speedy erection of this beautiful Building in this ancient city. It will undoubtedly be in readiness for the fall session of the College.

— The Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., April 6, 1859

April 12, 1359 — RESOLVED: That the contract be awarded to Messrs. Green and Allen of Richmond, and that the specifications of the Architect be altered so as to reduce the cost of the College building to the sun of seventeen thousand and five hundred dollars. Dr. Totten voted against this resolution.

RESOLVED: That in case the specifications cannot be judiciously reduced as proposed in the foregoing resolution, that the contract be awarded to Messrs. Green and Allen. Dr. Totten voted against the resolution.

— Faculty Minutes, April 12, 1859
April 26, 1859 — RESOLVED: That the front and flank elevations of the adopted plan of the College edifice of William and Mary be referred to Prof. D. H. Mahan, LL. D ., of the United States Military Academy, with the request that he will give us his opinion as to their style, and make any suggestions which he may deem appropriate as to change in style.
— Faculty Minutes, April 26, 1859 129
May 18, 1859 — The carpenters and bricklayers are busy fitting timbers, running up walls, cutting down and modernizing old windows so as to admit a freer circulation of air. …An arrangement has been made of large folding doors by which the library and chapel can be thrown together so as to seat comfortably a much larger audience. — The Virginia Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., May 18, 1859
July 6, 1859 — RESOLVED: That Mr. Faxon, the architect, be paid $200 on account of professional services. — Faculty Minutes, July 6, 1859
July 6, 1859 — RESOLVED: That in the opinion of the Faculty it is expedient to apply to the exterior walls of the College building a suitable paint or wash of a stone color, if possible, before the 10th of October next, or as soon thereafter as the walls may be ready to receive it. — Faculty Minutes, July 6, 1859

The following report from the Architect and Builders of the College was then received accepted.

Williamsburg, Va., Oct. 14th, 1859.
College of William & Mary in Virginia
To Green and Allen Dr.

To contract price for rebuilding College$18200.00
" extra — work beyond contract334.28
" cost of Platforms in Society Halls41.00
130
To value of old bricks not used10.00
" benches and desk for Prof. Morrison's Lecture Room75.00
$18660.28
Credits:
By 350 bushels sand @ 6 ½$ 22.75
" 2300 moulded cornice bricks30 .00
" 330758 run of Kiln brick @ 7 ½ per m.2480.63
" value of old brick160.00
" work done by L. W. Bowman on North Wing15 .00
" value of timber furnished G. & A. for do.232.91
" dif. between 12 and 14 inch joints35.00
Cash as per receipt of Green & Allen, July 8th231.00
Payments to order of Mr. West the amt. to be corrected on a final settlement if wrong — $400, $250, $250, $300, $4001600 .00
Payments by order to G. and A. the amount to be corrected if wrong9000.00
$13857.34
By accepted order on the Faculty in favor of Archer Brooks1600.00
By order of this date on the Bursar in favor of Green and Allen2000.00
$17457.34
Balance due Green and Allen this date$1202 .94

We propose the above to the Faculty of the College as the basis of a final settlement for material and labor in 131 rebuilding the College according to contract.

(Signed)
Green and Allen.

This account has been made out by me in the presence of President Ewell, Mr. Allen and Mr. West, and after hearing the statements of all parties, I hereby certify to the Building Committee of the College that I believe it to be a fair and equitable account. I would also recommend in consequence of the impossibility of obtaining bricks in time that the forfeiture called for in the Contract after the 1st October (1859) be remitted.
Eben Faxon,
Architect.
Williamsburg, October 14th, 1859

College of William and Mary in Virginia

To Eben FaxonDr
To commissions as Architect for rebuilding College 5 per cent on $18534.28 — Credit$926.71
July 1st — By cash on account$50.00
July 20th — By cash on account200.00
September 20th — By cash on account250.00
$500.00
$426.71

Whereas, a communication has been received from Mr. Faxon to the effect that in contracting with the Building Committee for his services as architect he had omitted to 132 mention the item of travelling expenses usually allowed to Architects and praying the Faculty to grant the same (amounting to $168) in whole or in part.

RESOLVED: THAT $100 be allowed to Mr. Faxon for travelling expenses as Architect, provided the Building Committee concur.

— Faculty Minutes, October 15, 1859

October 5, 1859 — Essee West, Supt. of Work on College

We would not fail in noticing the completion of the College, to pay Mr. West, the Sup't and employee of Messrs. Green & Allen, a tribute of respect. This gentleman commenced his labors on the new building two months subsequent to the burning of the old, and he now witnesses in less than five months the rude material constructed by his skill and ability into a new and beautiful edifice, and experiences no doubt a happy felicity in beholding his ingenuity reflected in that massive structure which does credit to him as a man and a mechanic.

The aggregate number of mechanics and laborers that have been employed in rearing the College edifice is eighty-six. As the housE approached completion the number diminished to the following who will remain to witness the finale:

Brickmaker, S. T. Bowman, Williamsburg, Va., Bricklayers: Messrs. George Bew, William H. Thomas, F. Capps, of Norfolk, and Wm. Taylor, of Richmond; Carpenters, Joseph Kelley, C. W. Holt of Richmond, Wm. F. Graves, of Hartwood, 133 Va., and Nicholas Burrage, of Williamsburg, Va.; Plasterers, Archie Brooks, master, and John Murphy of Williamsburg; Slater, William Elliot, master, Wm. Crampton and Frederick Schacht, of Richmond, Va., Painters, Maule & Bevell, masters, Frederick Snyder, and John Grep, of Richmond, Va.; all of whom have applied themselves and worked industriously in order that the College might be in readiness for the forthcoming session, and to whom is ascribed great praise by every one.

— The Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., October 5, 1859

November 22, 1859 — This paper describing the Main Building as it Was Before the Fire of 1859, was read by Professor Morrison before the Faculty of the College, and was, with his permission directed to be placed on record:

On the thirteenth of October, 1859 (eighteen hundred and fifty-nine), lectures were resumed in the renewed College edifice. The fire that occurred on the eight of February previous did not seriously injure the walls and consequently they were not taken down. These walls denuded by the late fire exhibited evidences not to be mistaken of having before withstood a general conflagration. (Vide Note at end of this record relative to the traces of fire.) The only destructive fire except the late one known to the history of the College occurred in the year seventeen hundred and five. The impression therefore that the site of the College building was changed after the fire of 1705 must be erroneous. This 134. conclusion is rendered certain by the following extract from a volume entitled "The present State of Virginia by Hugh Jones, A. M., Chaplain of the Honorable Assembly and lately Minister of Jamestown, etc., in Virginia." "The building is beautiful and commodious, being first modeled by Sir Christopher Wren, adapted to the nature of the Country by the Gentlemen there; and since it was burnt down it has been rebuilt, nicely contrived, altered and adorned by the ingenious direction of Governor Spotswood." The author of this volume was Professor of Mathematics in the College before the date of the transfer. This statement in regard to alteration was confirmed by traces of many changes of doors and windows brought to sight by the late fire.

The exterior of the present differs materially from that of the late building. The points of difference may be seen comparing it with the representation of the old building which may be seen in the background of the large portrait of the Rev. John Blair still in possession of the College.

The interior has been much changed. The ground plans of the chapel, of the lecture-room on the right as you enter the present hall from the city front, and of the lecture-room in the northeast corner of the building upon the first floor have not been altered.

The library now fills the space formerly occupied by a lecture-room and the southern end of the piazza. This piazza extended the whole length of the building. It has 135 been converted in part into offices for the professors and a room for the faculty next adjoining the library. A portion of the lecture-room on the left as you enter the hall was formerly occupied by the main staircase. The old society-halls were not so large as the present. Their ceilings were vaulted. The "Blue-Room" was on the second floor and was a part of the present lecture-room on the north of the central hall. The wainscot extended from floor to ceiling and was of a blue color. The faculty met in this room from seventeen hundred and twenty-three (the year of th completion of the College after the fire of 1705) unti eighteen hundred and fifty-nine and here were hung the paintings belonging to the College. These were saved from the fire and are as follows: A large portrait of the Rev. John Blair. A smaller portrait of the same and one of his wife corresponding in size; a large portrait of the Hon. Robert Boyle, the gift of the Earl of Burlington; a large portrait of Prof. Dew and one of Bishop Johns. From this room the College seal and charter were saved.

The north wing of the original structure, before the old chapel was built (which was first used for service on the 28th June, 1732), contained the grand hall of the College. The Colonial clergy held their conventions in it. Later the grammar-school was held there. When the last fire occurred the first floor of this wing was appropriated to the chemical laboratory and to the department of natural philosophy. Among the instruments were 136 some constructed by Nairne more than a hundred years ago. The second floor contained the rare old library, in great part the gift of kings, arch-bishops, bishops, nobles, colonial governors and gentlemen. With the exception of a few volumes in the hands of professors and students at the time of the recent fire this curious collection was consumed.

The illuminated copy of the transfer and an autograph letter of Gen. Washington accepting the chancellorship of the College were also burnt.

While the ground plan has not been altered some changes have been made in the chapel worthy of note.

The ceiling was formerly vaulted. The window-sills were much higher from the floor and there was a gallery opposite the present rostrum.

(Note: The reference here about the Chapel Vaults has been placed under this heading — i.e. Vaults, page 200.)

Note — A few years before the fire of 1859 the College building was replastered. Under the old plastering there were extensive traces of a general conflagration. The walls were more injured by the fire of 1705 than by that of 1859. — Benj. Ewell, President.

In confirmation of the theory that the present walls are those of the College building constructed before the fire of 1705 it is proper to state that when the old plastering was taken down in 1855 the traces on the walls of an extensive fire were not to be mistaken. Of this 137 I was an eyewitness. In addition to this fragments of charred beams were found in the walls by workmen engaged in repairs. — Benj. S. Ewell.

— Faculty Minutes, November 22, 1859. — William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 2nd series, Vol. III, page 217.

December 16, 1859 — Letter from Professor R. J. Morrison of William and Mary College to Hugh Blair Grigsby.
Williamsburg, Va., Dec. 16th, 1859.

My dear Sir: Are the walls of the present college edifice those which were originally erected? This is a question of interest to you, and I therefore take the liberty of calling your attention to the following facts, which seem to me to settle it. Mere tradition cannot prevail against them.

1st. It is indisputably true that when the walls of the College were denuded several years ago, to be replastered, that traces of an extensive conflagration were brought to view. These must have been the effect of the fire of 1705, for that which occurred about the period of the Revolution was too slight to have caused them.

2nd. The Rev. Hugh Jones, formerly Professor of Mathematics in this institution, and a contemporary of Governor Spotswood, in an account of the college-building, soon after it was first reconstructed, says, "The building is beautiful and commodious, being first modelled by Sir Christopher Wren, adapted to the nature of the country 138 by the gentlemen there; and since it was burnt down, it has been rebuilt, nicely contrived, altered, and adorned by the ingenious direction of Governor Spotswood; and is not altogether unlike Chelsea Hospital."

When the walls were exposed by the late fire, evidence of many alterations, was brought to light.

3rd. The Act of the General Assembly of Virginia of 1693, locating the college under a provision of the charter of the College, prescribing "That Middle Plantation be the place for erecting the said College of William and Mary in Virginia, and that the said college be at that place erected and built as neare the church now standing in Middle Plantation old fields as convenience will permitt." The Rev. Hugh Jones informs us also that Governor Nicholson layed out the city of Williamsburg in the form of the cipher W and M. The Act of the General Assembly of 1705, which prescribed the present plan of Williamsburg, refers to an existing plan. The xxxth clause of the Act is as follows:

"And be it also enacted that the four lots or half acre which at the first laying out of the land for the said city, by Benjamin Harrison, Jr., Esq., shall remain and continue to the use of the said Benjamin Harrison, his heirs and assigns, and shall not lapse from want of another building thereon, anything in this Act to the contrary notwithstanding." Gov. Nicholson was one of 139 the Trustees named in the Charter of the College, and after the institution had been located b the General Assembly, the site of the building was doubtless conform'd to the plan of the city, to be built at Middle Plantation, where as far as is known the church was the only edifice then erected.

The General Assembly was first held at "His Majestyes Royall Colledge of William and Mary", on the 5th of December 1700, and here it met until the year 1705, when the college building was first destroyed by fire. This was a memorable year in the history of Williamsburg. In 1705 the General Assembly re-enacted the act of 1699 which directed "the building of the capitol and the city of Williamsburg". During this year the present plan of the city was adopted. The main street, named after the Duke of Gloucester, was undoubtedly layed off with reference to the old church. It led towards the ruins of the College. At the east end of it the Capitol was built. In 1705 the General assembly determined to build also "An house for the Governor of this colony and Dominion". Palace street, now known as Palace Green was then layed off. The sites of all the Public Buildings were fixed with reference to the new plan for the city. The fact that the College was burnt in 1705, and not known to have been ready for use until 1719, has hitherto not been satisfactorily explained. But when it is recollected that between these 140 years, the Capitol, the Palace, the jail, the Magazine, as well as the collage were all built in a substantial manner, "and exceeded" as we are told by the Rev. Hugh Jones, "by few buildings of their kind in England" we must be astonished by the amount of labor performed in so short a time, in a town so isolated as Williamsburg then was. The exigencies of the Government required the construction of the Public Buildings before that of the College. When these were finished Gov. Spotswood gave his attention to the re-building of the College. If the site of the College had then been changed, the building would have been conformed to the plan of the city, to a great degree then just built. But it does not conform to this plan. We must therefore conclude that Gov. Spotswood built upon the old walls, and that we now have the identical college edifice which was originally built in conformity with Gov. Nicholson's plan for the city.

I hope it will not be long before we shall have the pleasure of seeing you here. It is a gratification to us all to receive a visit from you. You are aware that we are at work in our new or rather renewed edifice. Less than a year ago we lost all, but yet we have been gainers. We have elegant Lecture Rooms, comfortable offices, splendid apparatus, and already about four thousand choice volumes.

When you come up again do not fail to bring your little boy with you. Ellis will be most happy to 141 welcome him.

Yours very truly,
Robert J. Morrison

H.B. Grigsby, LL. D., Norfolk, Virginia.

—Dr. Grigsby was a firm and devoted friend of the College. He became the last chancellor of the college in 1871.
— Robert J. Morrison was professor of history and political science at William and Mary College at this time.
— William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 2nd series - Vol. I, No. 4, page 282-284.

January 31, 1860 — The following paper from the pen of Prof. R. J. Morrison received the approbation of the Faculty, and was ordered to be recorded.

The following facts relating to the history of the College seem to me to be of sufficient interest to merit your attention. So far as I know, they have never been presented as bearing upon the age of the walls of the present Building. I respectfully submit them as an appropriate sequel to the paper I had the pleasure to present to your honorable body a few weeks ago.

The act of the General Assembly of Virginia of 1693, locating the College under provision of the Charter of the College prescribes "that the Middle plantation be the place for erecting the said College of William and Mary in Virginia, and that the said College be at that place erected and built as neare the Church now standing in Middle Plantation old fields as convenience will permit." The Rev. Hugh Jones, formerly Professor of Mathematics 142 in this institution and a contemporary of Gov. Spotswood, informs us that after the Capitol at Jamestown was burnt, Gov. Nicholson removed the residence of the Governor and the General Assembly to the Middle Plantation, and that it was he who layed out the City of Williamsburg in the sypher of W and M.

The act of the General Assembly of 170t which prescribed the present plan of the city evidently refers to a previously existing plan. The XXXth Clause of it is as follows: "And be it also enacted that the four lots or half-acres which at the first laying out of the land for the said city were laid out and appropriated for the buildings then erected on the same by Benj. Harrison, Jr., Esq., shall remain and continue to the use of the said Benj. Harrison his heirs and assigns and shall not lapse for want of other buildings thereon, anything in this act to the contrary notwithstanding." Gov. Nicholson was one of the original Trustees named in the Charter and after the Institution had been located by the Gen. Assembly the site of the Building was doubtless conformed to his plan for the City to be built at Middle Plantation, when so far as we have reason to believe the Church was the only public edifice yet erected.

The General Assembly was first held at "His Majesties Royall Colledge of William and Mary" on the 5th of December 1700, and here it met from time to time until the year 1705 when the College Building was destroyed by fire.

143

This was a memorable year in the history of the City of Williamsburg. In 1705 the General Assembly reenacted the act of 1699 which directed the "Building of the Capitol and the City of Williamsburg." During this year the new plan for the city was adopted which is the present plan.

The Main Street named after the Duke of Gloucester was layed out beyond a question with reference to the old Church and it led towards the ruins of the College. The Capitol was built at the east end of it. During the year 1705, the General Assembly determined also to build "an house for the Governor of this Colony and dominion." Palace Street now known as Palace Green was then laid out. The sites of the Public Buildings were all marked with reference to the new plan of the city. The fact that the College was burnt in 1705 and is not known to have been ready for use of any kind until 1719 has hitherto not been satisfactorily accounted for. But when it is recollected that between the years 1705 and 1719, the Capitol the Palace the Jail and the Magazine as well as the College were all erected in a substantial manner and "exceeded" as we are told by the Rev. Hugh Jones "by few buildings of their kind in England", we must be astonished by the amount of labor performed in so short a time in a locality so isolated as Williamsburg then was.

The College was the last of Public Edifices which engaged the attention of Gov. Spotswood because the exigencies of the Government called for the prior construction of the others. Since this is the only Public 144 Building which does not conform to the plan of the city adopted in 1705, and since even after it was rebuilt it did not conform to the plan, we must conclude that when the College was reconstructed by Gov. Spotswood, the original walls which had been erected in accordance with Gov. Nicholson's plan, were built upon after the fire of 1705. These facts in connection with those which I lately submitted to you upon this subject, seem to me to demonstrate the identity of the present walls of the College with those of the Building first erected.

Yours respectfully,
R. J. Morrison.

— Faculty Minutes, January 31, 1860

February 8, 1860 — The new College edifice estimated to be worth thirty thousand dollars is completed and has been fully furnished at an additional cost of about three thousand dollars. On the 11th of October, 1859, the cap-stone of the building was laid by the Grand Lodge of Virginia, and the College exercises have been conducted in it without interruption from the beginning of the present session.

The building is in every way suitable and sufficient for the wants of the College and is in eminent degree convenient and comfortable. There still exists however some defects and omissions in the construction, especially of the roof of the building, but the Faculty have reserved a sufficient sum of money to remedy the faults. The several Lecture Rooms of which there is one for each 145 separate Department, and to each of which is attached an office for the Professor, are large and comfortable, and are amply furnished with all necessary appliances for illustration in the several Departments of instruction.

— Faculty Minutes, February 8, 1860

February 188, 1860 — The Literary Societies of the College have been provided with large and handsome Halls which are furnished in the most comfortable manner. To each of these is attached an apartment for library and reading room.

The Chapel has been restored, and the remains of its illustrious dead still lie undisturbed within its Vaults. This room, which is designed also for the public exercises of the College has been comfortably furnished with seats for about four hundred persons, and has been regularly used for the religious exercises of each day since the beginning of the session.

Adjoining the Chapel and communicating with it by large folding doors is the room appropriated to the Library. This is a very large and handsome apartment, ample to contain at least twelve thousand volumes. It has been conveniently and handsomely furnished with cases for books which have been obtained partly by purchase under appropriations of money made by the Faculty, partly by the donations of public spirited individuals.

— Faculty Minutes, February 188, 1860
146
February 28, 1860 — The following names, initials and dates are to be found at this time upon the walls of the College. The letters and figures in brackets have been supplied from the Catalogue:
T. Minge
G. Smith
G. H. J. H. (ubard)1752
N. R. 1747
John Marshall (probably in two places)(1775)
G. W. (ythe)
R. (ichard) K. (ennon1792 (upside down)
R. G. (ist)1759
W. Tyler (1785)
J. S. (wann)(1762)
C. Tomk (ies)(1762)
N. Burwell1771
Lee
C. M. T.
R. L. (ewis)
On Brafferton: W. B. (yrd)1723
Robert J. Morrison, Feb. 28th 1860. — From manuscript by R. J. Morrison in Virginia State Library
March 28, 1860 — The bell which heretofore was suspended in the College lawn, was adjusted in one of the towers of William & Mary, on Monday last. Its tone is admirable, and can be heard at the distance of 9 or 10 miles. — The Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., March 28, 1860
147

June 30, 1860 — RESOLVED: That a dinner be prepared for the Faculty, Visitors, graduates, and such guests as may be invited after the Commencement Exercises on the fourth of July.

RESOLVED: That champagne be procured for that occasion.

RESOLVED: That it be given in the basement room of the North Wings of the College Building.

—Faculty Minutes, June 30, 1860
July 164, 1860 — RESOLVED: That buttresses with an arch be erected at the Western door of the College Building in order to secure beyond question the rear wall, provided Mr. Grigsby consents to this plan. — Faculty Minutes, July 16, 1860
July 18, 1860 — The Visitors and Faculty, the Graduates, the Orators of the day, and the invited guests then adjourned to dinner in one of the College Halls. … — The Weekly Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., July 18, 1860

August 16, 1860 — An order for one hundred dollars was given to Sherrard T. Bowman on account of buttresses and arch at western door of main College Building, to be paid from the Building Fund.

An order for fifty dollars was given for the same purpose.

— Faculty Minutes, August 16, 1860

November 6, 1860 — An account of Samuel Marsh for 148 lumber, principally for roof of the College building, amounting to three hundred and twenty-four dollars and fifty cents was presented and allowed.

RESOLVED: That the Bursar be requested to pay Wm. D. Roberts, Jr., and Col, one hundred dollars on their allowed account of one hundred and fifty-nine dollars and eighty-nine cents, for gutters, etc., out of the Building Fund.

— Faculty Minutes, November 6, 1860

November 6, 1860 — RESOLVED: That the Bursar be requested to pay John Holmes on his account for roofing the College $800.

Of an account of John Holmes of $1203.12 with a credit of $800., showing a balance of $403.12, there was allowed and ordered to be paid, on account of renewing the roof of the college.

— Faculty Minutes, November 6, 1860

September 28, 1861 — RESOLVED: That Wm. S. Peachy, Esq., Attorney at Law, be appointed the agent of the Faculty with full power, on their behalf, to determine the compensation in damages, as also the compensation in rent, for the use and occupation of the College Building and Premises, by the Military authorities of the State of Virginia, and of the Confederate States.

149

RESOLVED: That in consequence of the losses to which Mr. Harrel, College Steward, has been subjected on account of the suspension of the College exercises, he be allowed the use of the College Hotel and premises, without rent, till Jan. 1st, 1862.

— Faculty Minutes, September 28, 1861

September 28, 1861 — RESOLVED: That in the opinion of the Faculty the interests of the College require that it should be opened if possible by the first day of January, 1862, and that a Committee consisting of Professors Morrison and Taliaferro be appointed to ascertain the earliest time at which the Building and Premises, now used as a Military Hospital, can be vacated.

RESOLED: That the same committee be requested to enquire into the expediency of resuming the College Exercises in some other building — provided a suitable one can be procured.

— Faculty Minutes, September 28, 1861

July 5, 1865 card. April 1862, May 1862 — The College In the Years 1861-1865
By the President, Benj. S. Ewell

The following report was made to the Board of Visitors and Governors at a meeting held in Richmond, July 5th, 1865, the first meeting since the autumn of 1861.

Richmond, July 5th, 1865.
To the Board of Visitors and Governors of the College of William and Mary:

150

The following report of the general and financial condition of the College of William & Mary is respectfully submitted for your information and consideration.

Since your last meeting in this City in the Fall of 1861 the total suspension of all College Exercises has rendered a convocation of your body unnecessary even if it had been practicable. The return of peace enables you to resume your important duties as visitors & Governors of the time honored Institution whose government you have in the past so wisely administered and in whose behalf are, now more than ever, required your counsel and advice, as well because of the state of the country as by reason of the losses which have been sustained. First among these is the irreparable one of the venerable Patriot and Statesman who for so many years presided over your body as its Rector. As a most honored Alumnus, as a Visitor and Governor who throughout his distinguished career always had the interests of the Institution nearest his heart; As our Chancellor our Patron and our Friend the Faculty will never cease to mourn the death and cherish the memory of Ex-President John Tyler.

Not having access to the Records there may in this report be some errors, especially of dates; it will however be found substantially correct in its statements.

Early in May, 1861, the immediate prospect of active hostilities rendered it impossible to continue the College 151 Exercises; they were accordingly suspended by the Faculty and the very few remaining students advised to return to their homes.

The Faculty then consisted of the President who also filled the chair of Mathematics Natural Philosophy & Chemistry, A professor of Moral & Mental Philosophy & History. A Professor of Latin, Latin Literature & the Romance Languages, A Professor of Greek, Greek Literature and German, an adjunct Professor of Mathematics, and assistant Professor of Ancient Languages appointed by the Faculty under your authority and a Professor of Constitutional and Municipal Law.

At your meeting in the Fall of 1861 held in this city you passed a resolution suspending the salaries of the Professors. It was understood that their relations to the College remained in all other respects as before. The Professorship of Moral & Mental Philosophy & History was in the summer of 1861 vacated by the death of Professor Robert J. Morrison. By his loss the members of the Faculty were deprived of a valued and beloved associate and friend and the College of a devoted Professor whose earnest & zealous labors accomplished much for the Institution, and whose worth and ability were recognized and acknowledged by all with whom he was officially connected.

Immediately after the suspension of the College Exercises the Building was taken possession of by the military 152 authorities first as a barrack and then as a hospital and was so held until the evacuation of Williamsburg, May 5th, 1862.

The Building Enclosures and Grounds were up to this time in an excellent state of preservation. During the retreat of the Confederate army and pending the battle of Williamsburg much of the enclosure was destroyed by the Confederate troops being used as fuel. The destruction of the enclosure was completed after the occupation of the town by the United States Army under Genl. McClellan.

After the evacuation of the place Mrs. Virginia Southall and family moved into the house of the President and remained in it till the Spring of 1864. The Brafferton was used as an office and quarters of the U. S. officer commanding the town. The College was a Depot of Commissary Stores.

On the 9th of September, 1862, a body of Confederate States Cavalry under the command of Col. Shingler of South Carolina penetrated into the town encountering, & defeating the force holding Williamsburg & the Forts in the vicinity & capturing Col. Campbell the commanding officer with others.

The town was evacuated by the Confederate forces as early as 11 o'clock A. M. of the same day. Later in the day parties of the regiment of cavalry (the 5th Pa.) which constituted the garrison entered the town, as I have been credibly informed, and under the excitement produced by 153 their defeat and the use of a quantity of whisky which they found, fired the College Building. This was consumed with the Chemicals & Chemical apparatus, a small portion of the Philosophical Apparatus the furniture and a part of the Library. Most of the Books were saved by the strenuous exertions of the citizens, the ladies being conspicuous in the good work. The fire did not reach the upper floor & roof of the Southern Tower which with its scrolls and other appurtenances remains uninjured. Subsequent to this all the out houses in the College yard excepting portions of the brick kitchens of the Brafferton and President's house were pulled down and carried off; the house occupied by the late Professor Morrison was burned; and the wood work of the Brafferton with the exception of the roof; and the floor of one room and the lower passage was carried off.

After a raid this spring by a detachment of Mosby's command a line of defensive works was thrown across the College yard of which the walls of the Main building the remaining portion of the brick kitchens near it the Brafferton & the President's House formed a part; some of the door ways & windows being blocked up & loopholed; the whole being connected and flanked by a strong line of palisades extending across the two adjacent roads and further defended at some points by chevaux de frise.

The walls of the College Building are apparently in as good condition as they were after the fire of 1859; 154 indeed are less warped and cracked. The College Hotel still occupied by Mr. Harrell the Steward altho in want of repair has not been injured.

After Mrs. Southall & her family moved from Williamsburg the President's house was somewhat though not seriously injured. It is now used as the Head Quarter of the Regiment stationed there. This has prevented my returning to Williamsburg which I wished to do as soon as practicable as well for the collection & preservation of the scattered property of the College as for other reasons. Most of the Philosophical Apparatus was in 1862, after the evacuation of the place became certain, stored in the Lunatic Asylum where it still remains. For its preservation it requires cleaning and other attention. Most of the College Books saved from the fire are also there. Professor Taliaferro after an examination thinks the most valuable part of the Library has been saved. The College is under great obligation to Doctor Wager the present Superintendent of the Lunatic Asylum for his care of both Books and Apparatus. The value of the Property of this kind saved amounts, as well as I can judge, to several thousand Dollars. The Charter and Seal of the College are safe. Some of the Records have been preserved but others of great interest and value have I regret to say been destroyed. The Portraits have been preserved. A full inventory of what has been saved will be made when practicable.

155

After the evacuation of the Peninsula had been determined on there was not time for packing and sending away the moveable College property, even if it had been possible to obtain transportation.

The only thing to be done was to distribute such articles as could be and to leave the rest to the chance of war. It was remembered that during all the vicissitudes of the Revolution of 1776 the College Library and Apparatus remained in the Building unharmed; and it was hoped it would not be less fortunate in the contest then pending. It is proper to state that so far as is known the U. S. Military authorities did not authorize destruction of the College property. It was done principally, if not entirely, by unorganized bodies of soldiery. The following is an approximate estimate of the losses in property sustained by the College during the war:

The College Building estimated at$57,000.00
Value of Frame Building occupied by the late Professor Morrison2,000.00
Damage to Brafferton, including out buildings3,000.00
Injury to President's house & out buildings1,600.00
Enclosures1,200.00
Chemical Apparatus1,500.00
Philosophical Apparatus1,200.00
Library2,500.00
Total$70,000.00

156

This is I repeat, an approximate estimate but I believe that $70,000.00 currency would restore the College to the condition it was in before the war. (Experience has proved the foregoing estimate to be much too small by about $30,000 dollars. — B. S. Ewell).

During the Fall of 1862 I visited the vicinity of Williamsburg three times in the hope of entering the town under the protection of a flag of truce, and doing something towards securing the College property. In this I was disappointed. During one of these visits I got possession of and brought away a very valuable piece of apparatus.

The securities of the College usually left by the Faculty in the hands of the Bursar Tazewell Taylor Esq were delivered by him, March 7th 1862, to Hugh Blair Grigsby LL. D. Visitor for safe keeping, with the sanction of the Faculty expressed in their order dated February 28th 1862 and the approval of the Right Reverend Bishop Johns, Hugh Blair Grigsby and Tazewell Taylor, Visitors & Governors of the College, to be returned when applied for by the Faculty or by the Bursar. For a description of the securities thus delivered see the exhibit marked "A". In the summer of 1862 there appearing a prospect of investing a portion of the interest then due in satisfactory security and to meet some few accruing expenses the Faculty empowered me to perform temporarily the duties of Bursar; directing me to consult any Visitor within reach on the 157 subject of investment in the absence of Mr. Taylor — the Bursar had temporarily deprived the College of his valuable services. Under this authority some few collections were made. The prospect for investment proving fallacious nothing else was done in this respect.

Subsequently, in the Spring of 1864, the Faculty renewed my appointment as Bursar protem, and authorized me to apply to Mr. Grigsby for the College securities and to deposit them in some place of safety subject to the order of the Faculty or Mr. Grigsby. A special messenger was sent by whom they were delivered by Mr. Grigsby about the middle of June. I received them a short time after. In this measure agreed to unanimously by those of the Faculty present the absent members subsequently concurred. The reason for its adoption were first, the promise of an advantageous loan which was afterwards effected, and secondly the threatening aspect of military affairs round Richmond. It was thought by high military authority that the Southern part of Virginia would soon be exposed to cavalry raids. There was one which reached the county of Charlotte in July, about the 1st, a detachment visiting Mr. Grigsby's residence and taking from him a large amount of valuable property, altho his residence was not entered.

The securities were for a time deposited in Macon, Ga. then thought to be one of the safest places in the 158 Confederacy and where Professor Taliaferro was stationed. The continued advance of the armies of the United States and the threatened condition of many places in the interior before deemed entirely secure brought me to the conclusion that it was best to keep them entirely under my own supervision; which I accordingly did at some little expense. Learning not long before the evacuation of Richmond from an unquestionable source that the stock of the Bank of the Commonwealth of which the College held 266 shares was based entirely upon Confederate Bonds and would prove utterly valueless should these Bonds become so I obtained authority from the FAculty to sell this stock, it being above par, and invest the proceeds in Confederate Bonds then below par or otherwise, in the event of Mr. Macfarland's opinion being favorable to the change. When I consulted him he advised the sale & the reinvestment in something else, if possible, than Confederate Bonds. The stock was sold for about 32,000 Dolls. Confederate money a short time before the evacuation of the City. Being able to purchase nothing else I invested a portion of this in Confederate Bonds, some of which the Treasury officials of the Confederate Government had in their possession for the purpose of making the transfer at the time of the evacuation. The investment of the remainder was prevented by the sudden fall of Richmond. This stock costing 26,000 Dolls. may be set down as a total loss. It may be as well here to state that the stock of the Bank is now 159 worth nothing. For a list of existing securities and report of the present condition of the finances see exhibit "B". The loan above alluded to was effected thro Lewis E. Harvie of Amelia County to whom the College is much indebted for the interest he manifested, and the exertions he made in regard to it; the borrowers are the Misses Archer of Amelia who gave their note fully secured for $6,000 the amount borrowed. To make this loan and for other purposes thought necessary a part of the interest due was collected in 1864. The interest and dividends collected in 1862 & 1864 amounted to $3,617.48. Following Mr. Grigsby's advice no collections were made beyond what was necessary to make up this sum of $6,000.

The dividends on the stock of the Bank of the Commonwealth furnished the balance as well as the means for defraying current expenses, which were inconsiderable in fact, though nominally large.

The College owes a small amount which has not been paid heretofore because of the obligation to pay in good money. The individual bonds amounting to about $53,070.45, mostly secured by real Estate are believed to be all good; as are the bonds of the Richmond & Danville Rail Road Co. of the Citiies of Petersburg, Lynchburg & Norfolk amounting to $12,750 as well as the shares of the old James River Company the par value of which is $8,800 yielding an annual income of $600. Of the value of the State stock amounting to $23,900 all of which is registered, and of the ¼ of a share of the Dismal Swamp Canal Co. formerly valued at 160 $3,500 I have no means of forming an estimate. So far as now known the loss to the fund is $26,600 par value of the stock of the Bank of the Commonwealth and the proceeds of John Jones' note amounting to $5,00 collected in 1862 & invested in Confederate Bonds. As an offset to this are the arrears of interests & dividends amounting to $18,081.77 and the note of the Misses Archer amounting to $6,000.

The accompanying letter from England relative to a trust fund to which the College seems to have a legal claim is respectfully enclosed for your consideration.

Enclosed find a letter from Professor Taliaferro to me to which the attention of the Board is respectfully invited and one from Professor Joynes to your Body. I regret I am not at liberty to withhold that part of Mr. Joynes' letter which refers to me; it was written without my knowledge. I did not intend in this report to have alluded to the removal of the College, thinking it a subject for the Board, no the Faculty, to consider had not the matter been broached by Mr. Joynes. If if were moved to Richmond, for example, there would be but little doubt of an immediate enlargement of its sphere of usefulness. If this be done I see no reason why it should not begin as a College. The fund is sufficient to support the faculty and defray other expenses. In view of the increased tuition fees the Professors' salaries might be reduced.

161

Before effecting the removal serious difficulties would be encountered. A strong opposition would be made by the people of the Tidewater Counties, and the friends of the University. Legislative action would be necessary. If this commences there is no telling where it would stop. It is believed that money could be collected in the North by individual subscription to rebuild the College in Williamsburg but not elsewhere; and it is thought the attempt should be made. If removed, to use the language of one of your own Body, "It would no longer be William & Mary College."

It seems to me the reasons based on historic associations given by Prof. Joynes for not transferring the fund apply as forcibly to a transfer of the College itself from its present site. While for several years the College where it is now could not be much beyond a grammar school yet in time when the Tide Water Region flourishes as I believe it will its prosperity may reasonably be expected to be as great as it ever was if not greater.

If it be determined to leave the Institution where it is the funds would not support the present number of Professors even if the condition of the state & of the College Buildings did not render the services of all of them unnecessary. The organization of the Faculty must be preserved as it constitutes the corporation. By retaining the services of two or three of the Professors to teach in the Preparatory Department; and such students 162 as may wish to pursue Collegiate Studies the name & Organization of the Institution would be continued and every essential condition satisfied. It may here be stated that for these purposes the Buildings now in Williamsburg are sufficient.

The Professors not immediately employed might remain connected with the College as heretofore; their salaries being suspended, and they in the mean time being at liberty to engage in other pursuits.

Respectfully submitted,
BENJ. S. EWELL.
President William & Mary College.

P. S. — As I do not think it proper to advise the visitors in relation to the important question of removing the College, I have in this report confined myself to simply stating some of the most obvious reasons for & against the measure without the expression of an opinion.

The report of the Bursar Tazewell Taylor Esq. of the financial transactions to February 1865 is herewith submitted; it having been examined & approved.
Respectfully
BENJ. S. EWELL
President, William & Mary College.

— William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 2nd Series, Volume III, page 221-230.
163
August 2, 1865 — The College Buildings and grounds, excepting the Hotel, being yet in the possession of the U. S. Military authorities, nothing further can for the present be done with the property. It is safely stored, and is not liable to injury by a short delay … The President's house has been but little injured and is in habitable condition. The College HOtel needs for preservation as well as for comfort a few repairs. The walls and roof of the Brafferton are in good condition. The addition of floors and a few doors and windows would render it available for temporary purposes. The walls of the College Building are to all appearances sound and strong. —Faculty Minutes, August 2, 1865
August 2, 1865 — The Military Commandant at Williamsburg, General Ludlow, promises to put the Faculty in possession of the Buildings and grounds in the event the College is reopened. — Faculty Minutes, August 2, 1865

Sept 14th, 1866 — Supplementary Report of the President.
College of William and Mary — Sept. 14th, 1866.

To the Board of Visitors & Governors of the College of William &Mary:
Gentlemen:

Learning early in July there could be no meeting of 164 the Visitors earlier than the last of the summer it was thought best, after consulting with some of your Body, to proceed without delay with the repairs, and improvements recommended in the Faculty Report of July 4th. Workmen are now engaged on the College Premises, and the College Hotel. The cost of all that it is intended to do now will not probably exceed one thousand Dollars, the recasting x pt. 164a of the Bell included. It was necessary to begin at once to finish the work during the vacation.

Information has been received within a few days from Mr. John R. Thompson, yet in England, to the effect that the English Court of Chancery had appointed the Faculty Trustees of the "Matty Fund" and ordered it to be paid to them. It may be recollected that Mrs. Mary Whaley, of Bruton Parish, by her will dated Feb. 16th, 1741 devised to the Minister and Church Wardens of the Parish of Bruton, and their successors, a piece of land in that Parish containing about ten acres on which were erected a school-house called "Malley's" or "Mattey's" school and a dwelling house for the master, "upon trust to continue the same for the use of the said school — viz: and to teach the neediest children of the said Parish in the Art of reading, writing and arithmetic, to eternalize Matty's school forever". And the testatrix gave to the school fifty pounds sterling and the residue of her Estate after certain legacies were paid, to be held "in 164a

Manuscript
X In the Diary of James L.C.Griffin (William and Mary College Archives)reference is made to the recasting of the college bell:
[copy is from a clipping lying in the Diary-no date] "Ante-Revolutionary Relick—The old bell of William and Mary College has been brought down from the college at Williamsburg to Old Point, to be taken North for recasting. It is an old colonial relick. It sang out its peals summoning the college students to prayers and studies and meals long years before the American Revolution."
165 trust" by the Minister and Church-wardens for the use of the said school "for the purpose above mentioned". Mrs. Whaley died in 1742. In consequence of the failure of her Executor James Frannces to convey the land, and buildings, to pay the fifty pounds, or to account for the residue a suit was instituted in the Colonial Court against him, and the heir at law, and by a decreed obtained October 14th, 1749, the heir at law was required to convey the land, and Buildings, and the Executor to pay the fifty pounds and account for the residue. The conveyance was, it is supposed, soon after made, though there is no known evidence of the fact in this country — the money was not paid and another suit was brought against the Executor in the Court of Chancery in England. This court decreed, about June 9th, 1752 that the charity ought to e established and that the Executor should pay into the Court five hundred pounds sterling. This sum having been paid was, by order, invested in English Securities. Nothing further was done. The money originally invested amounts now to 2551 pounds, by accumulations of dividends. Several years before the war, in 1859, probably, a letter from Mr. C. M. Fisher, an English attorney to the MInister and Church-wardens of Bruton Parish, not now a corporation relating to this money, was referred to the Faculty, Mr. Fisher was written to, but not heard from till May 1865, when he wrote expressing an opinion that the money might be recovered for the College 166 and proposing to undertake it for a commission on the next amount recovered of 33 1/3 per cent, all the risk and expense to be his. The letter was in August, 1865, laid before you, and the whole question was subsequently entrusted to Mr. William H. Macfarland then about to visit England, with a power of Attorney from the Faculty to do in the premises what he thought best. Mr. Macfarland after several interviews with Mr. Fisher accepted his terms on behalf of the College. The steps taken by Mr. Fisher after this doubtless brought the matter to the notice of the English Attorney-General, and elicited the correspondance published in the Richmond papers last winter between Mr. Fearon, the Attorney-General's solicitor in this case, whose letter is extensively quoted in this report, and Mr. Charles Francis Adams, the U. S. Minister at the Court of St. James. In a letter dated Dec. 23rd, 1865, addressed to Mr. Macfarland, and encouraging report was made by Mr. Fisher with a statement of the opinion of the Attorney-General's Solicitor, Mr. Fearon, that "if the loss of the College Records could be proved, and that Matty's School was said to be connected with the College" ___________ "or that the neediest children in Bruton Parish, or Williamsburg, were or had been instructed there the money would be handed over to the College. He asked for an affidavit of the Faculty giving all possible information.

167

An affidavit was sent to him in substance as follows:

That there was now no free school in Williamsburg no in the vicinity — nor any known as "Mattey's School" no any evidence in the Parish, Legal or College Records, that there had ever been a school there, bearing that name, though they had been carefully examined.

FOURTH BUILDING
Building was completed in 1869 and stood until the Restoration of the building as it stood in 1732 was begun.

168

THE WREN BUILDING
(4) FOURTH BUILDING

July 1, 1867 — Respecting the future of the College it may be safely asserted that nothing worthy its name or history can be done until its Buildings are restored Although a considerable sum has been expended in advertising an impression prevails to a great extent that the College is closed. This will continue to be the case so long as the Main Building is in ruins. The best interests of the Institution require that the work of rebuilding be begun without delay … This done the future is secure … Building material is in some respects cheaper now in currency than it was in gold in 1860. A complete restoration of the Main Building can be effected for less than twenty thousand dollars. If you conclude to authorize the Faculty to begin to rebuild the work ought not to be pressed as it was in 1859, nor ought it to be given out by general contract. It is in my opinion cheaper and better to procure the material; thus securing its quality, and to make partial contracts whenever practicable; and when this cannot be done to hire by the day. As to the general plan, advice and specifications can be obtained gratis from competent Architects sufficient to enable anyone 169 of ordinary intelligence to direct its execution. Respecting the walls they are pronounced by a good master bricklayer to be less injured than they were by the fire of 1859. It would be advisable, it is thought, to take down the towers as there are some serious cracks in their comparatively thin walls. This is not to be regretted for they were not of the slightest use and were not ornamental. Moreover, the bricks, now very costly, will be needed in other parts of the Building. — Annual Report of the President to the Board of Visitors, July 1, 1867
October 11, 1867 — The rebuilding of the College having been ordered by the Board of Visitors and Governors and the sum of ten thousand dollars having been fixed on by the Board to be expended during the current academic year, it was resolved that this sum, ten thousand dollars, be appropriated in such amounts and at such times as the cost of material and labor may require. Colonel Alfred L. Rives of Richmond having been appointed Architect by the Building Committee, was recognized as such. — Faculty Minutes, October 11, 1867
October 15, 1867 — The session opened at the prescribed time. The Grammar and "Matty" School room and the recitation rooms for the College Classes being, as was the case last session, 170 in the Brafferton. — Faculty Minutes, October 15, 1867
December 18, 1867 — On reading your encouraging and inspiring letter to Peachy, he begged that I would say to you that he approved every word in it. He was much gratified with it. After the bad weather set in I gave you up. Nothing can now be done for some months. Lumber on most reasonable terms has been contracted for; the whole to be delivered by 1st March, also slate; the Buckingham Slate Co. agreeing to abate the usual price by 250 Dolls. There are some questions to be settled. Are Mechanics here to have the preference when they will work as cheap as those from abroad? It seems to me they should and that all work that can be done here ought to be. Shall the work be let in partial contracts where it can be, say floor beams and floors to one, roof to another, window frames to another, &c., or shall all the carpenters work be let at once? The 1st is, I incline to think, preferable though more troublesome. Much of the brick work, most of it must be done by days work. Shall the slating be on laths or on close sheathing? Have we not had enough of laths? Be pleased to give your views on these heads. Enclosed is a sketch of Building with cupola for your approval. — Letter from President Benj. S. Ewell to Doctor Hugh Blair Grigsby, December 18th, 1867
William and Mary College Historical Quarterly, 2nd series, Volume 9, p. 120
171
December 18, 1867 — After closing my letter I opened it to ask you another question. You have already expressed the opinion that if money can be borrowed, at a rate of interest not beyond the legal, for the College it had better be done. Peachy thinks that the committee is limited to 10,000 dollars and therefore hesitates. If you will be positive on the matter, he is a young member and wishes to keep within the letter of the law, when you write it may have a good effect. It is possible money enough to finish one or both wings may be borrowed. If it can be done, it ought to be done. The others will be determined by your advice, and he will too. Mr. Tyler writes it would be better to put off rebuilding till the lowering clouds have disappeared. Your views are just the opposite, and I believe correct. — Letter from President Benj. S. Ewell to Doctor Hugh Blair Grigsby, December 18, 1867.
— William and Mary College Historical Quarterly, 2nd. series, Volume 9, page 120-121.
May 27, 1868 — An account for granite sills for windows of arcade, $22.45, was allowed. — Faculty Minutes, May 27, 1868
172

July 3, 1868 — Early in July last the Building Committee appointed by you at your Convocation of July 3, 1867, met organized elected Col. Alfred L. Rives Architect and took other necessary steps for commencing to rebuild the main college edifice. In August a general plan was presented and approved and contracts for material ordered. The plan and elevation accompany this report. The building is so divided as to furnish eight commodious lecture rooms, a working chemical Laboratory; two spacious rooms for Society Halls; one office; a suitable and large Library Room; and the time honored consecrated Chapel. The almost unprecedented unhealthiness of last summer continuing till late in the fall; the backwardness of the Spring; the failure of the contractor to furnish lumber; and the quantity of brick work so much greater than was anticipated combined to protract the work. The principal part is now done. There are materials enough on the ground as contracted and for the most part paid for to finish in a substantial manner the brick work, flooring, roof and windows.

The Committee authorized me to complete the North Wing provided they could get the means without embarrassing the College Funds or expending an undue proportion of the sum, 10,000 Dollars, ordered by you to be appropriated for restoring the Main Building. This has been partly accomplished, and in no way thereby has the progress or extent of 173 the work on other parts been interfered with. Fit rooms for the Philosophical and Chemical Apparatus which has been injured for want of a proper place to put it are now nearly ready.

It was understood that the appropriation of 10,000 Dollars directed by you applied to money derived from College funds and the "Matty Fund" in the hands of the Bursar and was not intended to include subscriptions or money obtained from other sources; and by this understanding the Committee has been guided. The following is an exhibit of the amount expended:

First — By the Bursar:
For work prior to Jan. 1, 1868, and for lime to Mr. Dunegan$300.00
For pressed and common brick and granite — Stringluff & Co. & Gallaher269.45
For window panes for Arcade — M. W. Brouddus55.00
For slate — Buckingham Slate Co. $1348.30 — $266- Subscription1082.30
For lime and cement-Santus and Brothers338.00
For granite window sills — Oliver Davis42.00
For lumber Treat, Cook and Co.1435.00
For pressed brick-Stringluff & Co. $18; Joists for roof-Tanner & co.335.67
In addition to Professor Ewell for workmen, teams, brick, sand, lumber4100.00
Paid by Bursar on account of Main Building … July 1st.$7984.42
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Second — By Professor Ewell has been paid:
Sept. - Dec. —Services of Architect232.00
From Oct. 1867 to March, 1868)Mr. Dunegan taking down towers310.00
Mr. Dunegan taking down interior walls and cleaning brick255.00
Mr. Dunegan hauling and labor on brick and slate106.54
Oct. 1867 —Labor and Miscellaneous purposes273.00
Nov. - Dec. —R. Griffin-Sand $240. Freight and labor $318.81558.91
May - June —A. Lytle & Co. — Brick-Inspecting lumber and sundries205.20
May - June —Paid for nails, paint and sundries90.00
Nov. 1867 —John Lindsey — Money advanced for workmen70.00
July 1st —Hauling570.00
Oct. 1867 to July 1868Travelling expenses: I. F. Bowry, S. Bacon, R. Bowry, Professor Snead and Professor Ewell172.75
May & June —B. Genton, Colored sawyers — Durfy & Leacock Waddell of Surry438.42
June —Santus and Brothers $100 — A. Ordwey — slate $40140.00
July 1st —Carpenters $987.40 — Bricklayers $899.50 1886.90
July 1st —Laborers from April inclusive $471.87 smithing and sundries $47.75519.62
Total disbursements by Professor Ewell on Main Building$5798.34

Cost of work and material on Main Building to date $9682.76

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Of this amount $7984.42 is from the appropriation of $10,000.

The unexpended balance of this appropriation is therefore $2015.58

The remainder of the Cost ($9682.76) of work done, viz: $1698.34, was paid by nett subscriptions received $774.80, and money advanced as per agreement with the Committee by Professor Ewell, $923.54, which amount is now due him. The total net subscription in money and materials

amount to$3060.00
Of this there is still due500.00
Accounted for by out-buildings in College yard and enclosures, the total cost being $1792.901344.20
Expended on Main College Building774.80
$3060.00

Additional subscriptions have been promised after the election next fall. To finish and furnish the building will require $5000 more. This may be done at once or by room after room as may be deemed best. To fix up the Brafferton for a dwelling with the necessary out houses and finish the enclosures will take $6000 perhaps additional.

The Committee recommends that its appointment be renewed, 176 or a new one selected, with discretionary authority to finish the Building so soon as it may appear expedient; that you direct a further appropriation of not less than $2500 to be applied to this object; and that you authorize the Committee to get as much more as may be needed by borrowing or otherwise, provided that the College Funds be thereby in no way involved.

All of which is respectfully submitted,
Benj. S. Ewell, President,

The Report of the Building Committee, College of William and Mary, July 3, 1868, to the Board of Visitors and Governors.
July 4, 1868 — It is very probable now that in a short time the College Building will be prepared for students, and it may be well to inquire what else is necessary to bring the Institution up to its proper position and thus secure for it a reasonable share of public patronage. — Report of the President to the Board of Visitors, July 4, 1868.
July 10, 1868 — At a meeting of the Faculty held July 10, 1868, it was resolved because of the unfinished condition of the Main College Building and in exercise of the discreation vested in the Faculty by the Board of Visitors and Governors it is deemed best for the interest of the Institution to suspend the exercises of the Collegiate Department for the present session, and to continue those of the Grammar and Matty School. Faculty Minutes, July 10, 1868
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July 4, 1871 — The Committee appointed by you in 1867 to direct the reconstruction of the Main College Building report that they have completed their work. Comparatively little has been done since the last report was presented. Plastering and finishing work of carpenters comprise nearly the whole. The estimate of the total cost contained in the report of July 1869 was about one thousand Dollars too small. In other respects the estimates and expenditures given in that report are essentially correct. The actual cost of Building may be set down at $21,000 and of contingent expenses at $2,500. This includes the purchase of furniture. There is a Building debt of some 9000 Dollars. On most of this a longer credit may be obtained. The bulk of it is due to Mr. W. W. Vest. Had it not been for the accommodation extended by this gentleman, through his store, workmen receiving orders on him in lieu of cash and therefore equivalent to cash as far as the College was concerned; the Building would in all probability have been today in an unfinished condition. Justice requires too the acknowledgement of the assistance offered by Mr. John Lindsay to the full extent of his means. The Committee think it important that the enclosure of the College grounds be completed; and, they fully concur in the recommendations of the Faculty respecting the Brafferton and the School House for the Grammar and Matty Department.

In conclusion, the Committee give it as their opinion that a sufficient and substantial Building has been erected, 178 under some difficulties, at a moderate cost, and they remain,
Yours respectfully,
Benj. S. Ewell, President of William & Mary
For the Building Committee

— Report of the Building Committee to the Board of Visitors and Governors, July 4, 1871

THE PRESIDENT'S HOUSE

1879 — The president's house attached to William and Mary College caught fire on Thursday, April 24, from sparks from a burning chimney, and narrowly escaped destruction. The fire broke out in two places at once, and owing to the steep French roof and no ladder, it was difficult to control. The students and citizens worked faithfully and prevented a disaster. Among the most conspicuous workers was Mr. R. A. Lively, whose prompt attendance with a patent pump arrangement probably saved the building. This house was built in 1732 and was accidently burnt by the French troops under Lafayette, on their way to the battle of Yorktown in 1781. It was then rebuilt by Louis XVI out of his private funds,d and has survived the fires which have since then so often destroyed the college. It is the only house in Virginia built by a reigning sovereign. — From Richmond Whig, about May 1, 1879
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July 1, 1881 — … Respecting the policy of keeping the College open, in spite of adverse circumstances, the opinions of the Faculty have undergone no change. Now, in view of the rapidly approaching Yorktown Centennial, proof of the continued vitality of the College, ought to be given. With a reasonable show of Instructors there may be an increase in the number of students, because of the expected attractions in Oct. next. This can be accomplished by appropriating for the support of the Faculty the same sum you did last year, namely 1200 Dollars with the condition that no instructor receive more than 400 Dollars. There is no doubt of the payment to July next, at least, of interest on State Stock, amounting to 2094 Dollars.

Appropriate for Faculty salaries 1200 Dollars of this, and a balance will remain sufficient to pay contingent expenses, and most of the annual interest. If you elect a successor to Dr. Wharton, now, I ask leave to recommend Mr. W. G. Jones. He has demonstrated by his work, last session, his ability to fill the Professorship of languages. It is a question, though, whether, at this juncture, it is preferable to fill vacant professorships by unconditional election, or by appointing acting Professors for the Session. The appointment to be limited to the Session, and to terminate with it. The latter course may prevent future difficulty and embarrassment. There ought not to be less than three Instructors. With four the College 180 course could be taught more satisfactorily. By giving the Executive Committee and the Faculty authority to make these temporary appointments, as was done last year, you would be relieved from further trouble.

For the condition of the finances you are referred to the report of the Bursar. This exhibits a considerable reduction in the debts of the College, and assets sufficient to pay the debts twice over. It is the opinion of the Receiver of the Mayo Estate, Mr. Williams of Richmond, that there is a reasonable prospect of the sale of some of the property, and that when this is effected, some progress in the settlement of the Estate may be looked for, not before. This was stated to me by Mr. Williams.

The settlement of the Shands debt was the best in reach. I attended the sales of the land securing the debt, and followed the instructions of the Executive Committee and the advice of Charles S. Stringfellow, Esq. To prevent the sacrifice of about 100 acres of land near Petersburg, within two miles of the City limits, it was necessary for the College to become the purchaser at 6 Dollars per acre. This tract may soon be sold at an advance.

The sale of the Saunders and Preparatory School property was confidently expected and would, doubtless, have been effected to the Chesapeake & Ohio Rail Road Company, had not the Company concluded to adopt a location entirely outside of the city limits. As it is, 181 this Property, excepting the Preparatory and Matty School House, with a small yard, will soon be salable, for the Depot is within less than 100 yards of the Palace lot, and the approach to it will be close to the Saunders House lot. When a sale can be effected it ought to be done, and some 4 or 5000 Dollars realized. The School House ought not to be sold, for it is an ornament to the town, and it affords a convenient means of enabling the College to comply with the condition fixed by the English Court of Chancery, that decreed Mrs. Whaley's legacy, in trust, for the College; namely "education of 15 of the poorest boys of Bruton Parish", in the elements of English. It may be well to state that this entire property belongs to the College; that it was bought at sales, under deeds of Trust, given on the Property, to secure the payment of money borrowed from the College. It is true the School House was built after the purchase. But not a cent of Mrs. Whaley's legacy was expended in the construction. This Legacy was applied to the rebuilding of the College, and had been exhausted long before the Building of the School House was determined on. The School was named the "Matty School" not because of any supposed right, but, solely with the view of honoring Mrs. Mary Whaley's memory.

The College Hotel ought not to be offered for sale just now, at any rate. If the College is restored it 182 would be a necessity. The Main Building is occupied by a Mr. Richardson and family, and the kitchen by a colored man and family. This was permitted, after vain efforts to rent, for the purpose of preserving the property. With your sanction renewed efforts will be made to rent this property, or to appoint a College Steward.

The Brafferton was vacated last summer. It was too much out of order to rent. For its protection I allowed Mr. J. S. Charles to move into it. By his care and improvements, he has paid a fair rent, and he has extended a like care to the entire College premises. When vacant, the College Hotel and the Brafferton were objects of injury and depredation. The windows were marks for every mischievous boy in the town. All these houses are occupied with the condition of being vacated on demand.

While Dr. R. A. Wise was Professor in the College he applied to the Faculty for the use of a vacant room as an armory for his company. This was granted with the provision that the room should be given up when required and nothing be done to injure it, or any other part of the Building, or premises. This room is yet used as an armory. The company has, since its formation, had in its ranks College Students, and it has been a benefit to the Institution. There is no reason at present, for disturbing this arrangement, and I respectfully request that it be permitted to continue.

The roof of the College, or rather the slating, done 183 by direction of the Architect was a bad job. The slates are too large, and during a heavy wind it is dangerous to walk in the College yard because of the broken pieces of slate blown from the roof. At a more propitious time the putting on of new slate ought to be recommended. Patching must answer till then. To assume a decent appearance in October, and for the sake of economy, a greater sum than usual must be expended in repairs. Some Painting, white washing and replacing of broken window glass, being included.

At my earnest and repeated solicitation, Mr. P. M. Thompson, became joint security, with me, on the College Bond for $200 to J. H. Lee. This Bond was given for money borrowed to pay another Bond at a higher rate of interest. To secure this debt I ask that a deed of Trust on the Saunders Property be given to R. F. Cole, Esq., to secure his debt, such deeds would in no way injure the sale of this property, and would do simple justice to the Securities.

By a Resolution of the Visitors and Governors, agreed to several years ago, authority was given to appoint an agent, or agents, to collect funds for endowing the College. Under this Resolution the Faculty applied to Gen. W. B. Taliaferro for permission to offer him this agency. It is plain that special agents, alone, can be relied on to 184 perform this disagreeable work. The antecedents, and present position of Gen. Talliaferro qualify him eminently for the work. I ask that you not only sanction this appointment, or which would have a greater effect, appoint him yourselves, on such terms as may be agreed on.
Moat respectfully
Benj. S. Ewell, President.

— Report to the Board of Visitors and Governors of the College, July 1, 1881

November 26, 1885 — There is but little to report to you at this time outside of the present condition of the Property and Finances of the College, and that of the latter is so fully explained by the full and elaborate report of your committee … of which Judge Jones, is chairman, down to July 1st, of the present year as to need nothing additional. This report exhibits the gratifying fact that the College debts are becoming less — slowly tis true. Within five years at least 11,000 Dollars has been paid to its various creditors. As some of the property ordered by you at your meeting August 10th, 1884, to be sold, can be disposed of without undue and unnecessary sacrifice a further diminution of debts of not less than 2,000 Dollars may be, reasonably, expected. This property has not been sold because of the extraordinary and continued scarcity of money. It has been advertised again and again, but no bona fide offers have been made, and it has not been offered 185 at a public sale, because it would not bring a fair price. In the meantime, by advice of the executive committee, the renting and collection of the rents of the Saunders House, the College Hotel and the Brafferton has been placed in the hands of Mr. William Spencer. … The College Hotel was vacated by Col. Harrison, who occupied it as College Steward, until 1880. After he left it … it was vacant for a short time. Like other vacant houses it began to be abused. An application was made for it by Mr. R. Richardson, and he has lived in it from late in 1880 till the present time. Until 1883 he was acting as College Steward — had as Boarders first College Students, and then Grammar Scholars. When he took possession of it repairs were needed, and it was agreed that a proper allowance be made him for repairs. Up to Dec. 1883 he was not liable for rent. I notified him that rent would be required, and he owes for 1884-85, less repairs. He is now making out his account, and until this is done it is impossible to say what is due. The Saunders House was vacated by Dr. Wharton, who had it for two or three years, without charge. While vacant I allowed the use of a few rooms to Mr. C. Hansford at a rent of five Dollars a month to be offset by such repairs as were necessary. He has held it. … The only occupant now is Mr. Lacy, who has been duly notified that rent must be punctually paid. Mr. Charles lives in the Brafferton. When I gave him permission to occupy it with his family it had not been inhabited for some months. It was so 186 abused I judged it to the interest of the College to have it occupied. … Since he has been there he has aided in taking care of the premises and keeping off trespassers and in doing such work as his time will allow in keeping enclosures, etc., in order. He has improved by some repairs the premises. … If these buildings can't be kept habitable for the rents it is as much as can be done. The application of the School Trustees of Williamsburg was referred by you at your meeting in August, 1884, to the ex. committee and was agreed to. I enclose a copy of the agreement. The building has been put in good order and the conditions of the trust are substantially performed.

Shortly after your meeting last August, I was applied to by the Trustees of the Presbyterian Church of Williamsburg for a part of the Saunders Lot, to build a church on. Thinking that your order warranted me in making a sale, I did so. The price promised was $2.00 a front foot. The lot faces the Palace Green, and has a Front of fifty feet. But one payment has been made on it of $25. which I hold. Tow more are now due, and the 4th, a final one, will be due in about three months. The title will be retained till the land is paid for. Not having examined the Bursar's Report for want of time, I cannot make any comments on it.

With respect to the future of the College, there are it seems to me but two lines of action. The one is to turn it over to the state, and the other is to continue it in its present condition, paying off its debts and taking all possible care of the College Property. It is my conviction that its restoration will in time be effected.
Most Respectfully,
Benjamin S. Ewell, President of College.

— Report to the Board of Visitors and Governors of the College, November 26, 1885

VAULTS
beneath the Chapel, the Persons buried therein, and their Epitaphs in the Chapel.

188

THE WREN BUILDING
(5) THE VAULTS IN THE CHAPEL.

October 16, 1770 — In 1889 the popular statement that Lord Botetourt was buried beneath the College chapel was curiously confirmed from two different sources. A workman was engaged in knocking down the plaster on the walls of a room of the old Paradise residence in Williamsburg (now owned by Mr. J. C. Slater), when it was discovered that on the original surface of the wall some papers had been pasted and subsequently concealed by successive coats of white wash. The discovery came too late to save the papers intact. A small fragment of one of these proved to be part of a play-bill of the "Virginia Company of Comedians", which under Lewis Hallam, opened its first engagement in Williamsburg in 1752. Only enough of this remained to show, from the dramatis personae, that the play was Otway's "Venice Preserved". Other fragments were of the "Association", or non-importation agreement entered into by the late members of the House of Burgesses on the 27th day of May, 1774, printed on a broadside, and the proclamation of the Hon. William Nelson given above, also printed on a broadside. With the latter were two small sheets about four by six inches in size with a 189 heavy black line an inch within the margin. One of these was recovered entire, and contains a funeral announcement as follows:

Williamsburg, October 16, 1770

The Gentlemen appointed to conduct the Funeral of his Excellency Lord BOTETOURT, present their Compliments to all Gentlemen and Ladies, and beg the Favour of their Attendance at the Palace at two o'Clock on Friday next.

The Procession to begin precisely at Three and move tot eh Church, where the usual Service will be performed; after which the Corps will be conducted to the College Chapel, and there interred.

Note: Lord Botetourt died October 15, 1770.

—William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Volume V, page 169, 170

April 11, 1771 — "I understand that his Lordship (Lord Botetourt) express'd a Desire sometime before he died to e buried in Virginia; so that I do not intend to remove the Body to England, but hope the President, &c. of the College will permit me to erect a Monument near the Place where he was buried, as the only Means I have of expressing in some Degree the sincere Regard and affection I bore towards him; and I flatter Myself it may not be disagreeable to the Virginians to have this Remembrance of a Person whom they held in so high Estimation, and whose Loss they so greatly lament."

190

Which being read, the Application therein contain'd Received the unanimous Assent of the Society, who are glad of every Opportunity of shewing their sincere Regard to the Memory of Lord Botetourt.

— Journal of the Meetings of the President and Masters of William and Mary College, April 11, 1771
— William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Volume XIII, page 156.
1771 — The monument cannot be conveniently erected over the grave as it would spoil two principal Pews and incommode the Chapel considerably in other respects. If it is proposed to have it in the form of a pyramid, it can be placed conveniently in no part except at the Isle fronting the Pulpit, where it would appear to advantage, if the dimensions should not be though too much confined; the Isle is itself about ten feet wide; there must be a Passage left on each side of the monument at least two feet and an half, so that the width of the width of the monument, which will form the front, can be no more than five feet. A flat monument may be fixed still more commodiously in the side of the wall nearly opposite to the grave. Between two large windows, there is a strong brick pier six feet and an half wide, the length of this pier from the ceiling down to the wainscot is twelve and one half feet, and from the top of the wainscot to the floor eleven and 191 one half feet more; if the height from the wainscot tot he ceiling should not be though sufficient, we suppose there would be no inconvenience in letting the monument down into the wainscot as low as the floor, but then the bottom part of it would be hid by the front pew. —Extract of a letter from the executors of the estate of Robert Carter Nicholas Lord Botetourt to his heir, Duke of Beaufort, in England.
— Tyler's Quarterly Magazine, Volume III, page 110 ff.

Note: In a letter Duke of Beaufort mentions the statue then being made in England. He says that though there was no picture of Lord Botetourt made within twenty five years of his death, there was a small wax medal which he had turned over to the artist for his use.

November 26, 1776 — On Tuesday last the remains of our amiable and beloved citizen Peyton Randolph Esq. were conveyed in a hearse to the College chapel, attended by the worshipful brotherhood of Free Masons, both houses of the Assembly, a number of other gentlemen and inhabitants of the city. The body was received from the hearse by six gentlemen of the House of Delegates who conveyed it to the family vault in the chapel … The oration being ended the body was deposited in the vault. The remains were brought from Philadelphia by his nephew, Edmund Randolph. — The Virginia Gazette, Williamsburg, Va., November 26, 1776
June 4, 1812 — … they had the pavement taken up under the 192 place where the students deliver their orations, and receive their degrees, and deposited his body there; — Letter of Mrs. Elizabeth B. Kennon to Samuel Mordecai, June 4, 1812
— Virginia Magazine of History, Vol. XXIV, p. 121.
— This refers to Gregory Page, son of John Page, by his second marriage. The date of this letter is June 4, 1812. Young page was drowned while swimming. It is very likely that the burial was in Bruton Church, where commencement exercises were held at that time. The chapel was not in good repair.
February 12, 1859 — … the fine mural monument of Sir John Randolph and the tablet of Bishop Madison in the Chapel were calcined by the heat and entirely destroyed … — Dr. Totten's Report on the Burning of the College
— Faculty Minutes, February 12, 1859
February 12, 1859 … it will be seen from the letter of Duke of Beaufort to the Faculty of the College that the remains of Lord Botetourt were interred somewhere within the College Grounds. To determine exactly where the resting place of the body of this benefactor of the College and of the Colony of Virginia, this evening, we had the vault opened that contained the only male body which had not been identified. I say the only male body because in order to identify the body in this vault, as the sequel will show, it was necessary that it should be proved to be that of a male. [This vault according to the mural tablet erected to his memory, was that of Sir John Randolph, and it was the 193 only vault in the college chapel up to the Revolution. The vault in the South East corner of the Chapel contains the remains of Peyton Randolph.] President of the first American Congress, who died of apoplexy in Philadelphia on the 22nd day of October in the 54th year of his age. His remains were brought to Williamsburg by his nephew, Edmund Randolph, and were buried in the college chapel in November, 1776. In this vault, large enough for two bodies only is another body besides that of Peyton Randolph which from its size must be that of a woman. [The vault between these two vaults (Sir John Randolph and Peyton Randolph's) contains only the body of John Randolph, the Attorney General who died in 1784.] Peyton Randolph, and John Randolph were both sons of Sir John Randolph. Thus the bodies of the men contained in the old vaults of the chapel are all identified save that of one man, and this rests in Sir John Randolph's vault, and was most probably buried before the Revolution, else one of Sir John Randolph's sons would most probably have been buried in his father's vault unless indeed the second body in Sir John Randolph's vault be that of a woman, of Sir John's wife. But it is certain that this supposition is false, for this evening the bones of both bodies in Sir John Randolph's vault were examined by a physician of undoubted skill in his profession, and were pronounced to be the bones of men. Besides the coffin lid of the most recently interred body was six feet three or four inches long. 194 The decayed pieces of the coffin indicated that it must have been as splendid as this country could have produced at the time of the death of Lord Botetourt. These facts in connexion with those in the prefatory history of the college … show conclusively that Lord Botetourt's remains repose in the North East vault in the college chapel, to the right of those of Sir John Randolph. The remains of the three Randolphs repose in the northern side of their respective vaults. Elsewhere in the Chapel Bishop Madison and Chancellor Nelson are buried.
Robert J. Morrison. -MS. volume in Virginia State Library, February 12, 1859
July 25, 1859 — By the way, the floor of the Chapel of William and Mary was taken up some weeks ago and the vaults examined. Three attorney generals of Virginia were seen resting side by side — Sir John Randolph, his eldest son Peyton, the President of the First Congress, and his brother John, who went over with Dunmore. I gave the article to my young friend William Lamb of the ARGUS who will publish it in a day or two. It is called "The Dead of the Chapel of William & Mary". Perhaps you may like it; perhaps not, unless you indulge in the mood of the article at time yourself. I will try and have a copy sent to you. — Hugh Blair Grigsby to Henry S. Randall, July 25, 1859.
— William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Volume XVIII, Page 213.
195

July 31, 1859 — It has long been known that several eminent persons had been buried for more than a century past beneath the floor of the chapel of the College of William and Mary. Some weeks ago the old floor which had become rotten was removed and a new one some feet higher than the old has taken its place. Opportunity was presented to inspect the entire area of the chapel … and the results of examination ascertained for the sake of future reference.

Two doors open into the chapel from the College building. That on the right enables the visitor to pass into the body of the chapel, while the left door is at present only used for admission to the stage on which the Board of Visitors and Faculty are seated on public occasions. As you enter the right hand door, (to the chapel) almost immediately beneath your feet is the vault of Sir John Randolph. It is five feet broad inside, just large enough to hold two coffins. It is eight feet long and the height from the bottom to the crown of the arch, four one half feet. The bottom of the vault is alone three feet below the surface of the ground on the outside of the building. This in common with the other vaults of which we shall speak, is made of common brick and mortar put together roughly, as it could not be seen, only when the floor was taken up. This vault was opened, for 196 from the great length of time which had elapsed since the vaults were seen, if indeed they have ever been seen by any living person, nobody could identify them. From its position in respect to the elegant mural tablet just above it in the chapel, it was evident that it contained the remains of Sir John Randolph. Nothing could be seen but the base of the skull and a heap of dust. Of the coffin there were three iron handles left and as these handles had not suffered very materially from rust, it may be that the remaining handles had been removed at some previous time, probably when the remains of Lady Randolph were laid by the side of those of her husband. Close to Sir John's remains were found the relics of a coffin, several large pieces of plank, especially of the lid around the edge of which were strips of cloth with double rows of brass tacks. The body was not as entirely decomposed as that of Sir John. Many bones were entire. The second body was shorter than the first.

The question arises, who rests in the coffin by Sir John? If she (his wife) was buried in the Chapel these remains of course are hers, and it should not be overlooked that she survived her husband and had the vault constructed, not for a single body, but ample enough for two. If she was not buried here, it hardly admits of a doubt that this was the body of Lord Botetourt. Cloth and double rows of brass tacks were 197 probably the highest marks by which the undertakers of Williamsburg could express their ideas of nobility. If this body is not Lord Botetourt's, he never was buried under the Chapel, if he did, the double vault was the place for it, as it was the only vault there.

Adjoining the vault of Sir John and immediately under the platform or stage extending between the right hand and left hand doors, was another vault of the same dimensions in which there was a leaden coffin of large size, elegantly fashioned. It contained a wooden coffin apparently in tolerable preservation. The top of the leaden coffin was flat, the sides convex, and it was uninjured except at one point where there was a hole caused by escaping gases. The elegence of the cofin and the completeness of its fixtures proclaimed it at once the coffin of John Randolph, the Attorney General, who withdrew with Lord Dunmore from the Colony and died the year after the peace in London, even if the tin plate upon it had not contained these words: "John Randolph Attorney General of Virginia. Died Jan 31 — 1784, Aet. 56" There were several smaller plates, on one of them were the words "Gloria Deum"… Immediately on entering the left door described above, there appeared another vault in line with the two just described and about the same size. On opening it two bodies were discovered. The first on the north side of the vault, was contained in a leaden coffin which enclosed a wooden one not much decayed. The leaden coffin was not as neatly finished as the one which held the remains of John Randolph, the surface of the lead being without polish and the edges of the laid tacked down instead of being soldered. This defect may have contributed to its good preservation as the gases could have escaped more easily. On the breast of the coffin was a plate, of silver gilt on the upper surface, the lower surface filled in with lead leaving the simple but eloquent inscription: "Peyton Randolph, Esq." By the side of the Speaker was another body, the skeleton of which is large. It is doubtless the body of Mrs. (Peyton) Randolph; there is, however, no mark to enable us to affirm the fact. That it is not Lord Botetourt's is plain from the fact that the vault was not constructed until seven or eight years after his decease. … —[Nelson or Madison] About ten feet from the western end of the chapel on the north side are two single vaults in close juxtaposition, the one next to the wall being the vault of Bishop Madison and the other that of Mrs. Madison, his wife, who is believed to have been buried there, or of Chancellor Nelson, who is believed to have been buried in the Chapel. It is not improbable that Mrs. Madison was buried in the same vault with her husband though it is single, as is frequently done in England, the coffin being placed on a platform above the other. 199 If this is the case, then the second vault is Chancellor Nelson's, but as these vaults were not opened we can only surmise who the occupants were, the fact alone being certain that one of them is the vault of the Bishop.

About five or six feet from the two single vaults just described, was a grave without any mark of any kind. It was either Chancellor Nelson's grave, if he were not interred in either of the others, or of a student who was drowned in the College mill-pond about 1822, and is said to have been buried in the Chapel. It was opened and the bones were found with small pieces of the coffin in which were cut nails, which showed it could not have been the grace of Lord Botetourt, as they are of recent invention. After minute examination of this grave, no other vault or grave was found. In a few days the wooden floor was relayed, but a trap door a ample dimensions has been made, secured firmly by screws, which when raised will admit the curious who may move about in a stooping position to see the outside of the vaults.

— The Southern Argus, Norfolk, Va., July 31, 1859
July 31, 1859 — The expenses of Lord Botetourt's funeral aggreagate about £700 sterling. … The remains appear to have been enclosed in three separate coffins, one of lead, furnished by one Joseph Kidd; and "inside 200 coffin" and one of the black walnut, by one Joshua Kendall. The "inside coffin" was laid with "Persian fully ornamented", and the "outside Coffin" covered with "Crimson velvet", ornamented in the best manner. There were "8 silver handles and 16 escutcheons for his Lordship's coffin", and "one large silver plate engraved, a lutestring shroud, pillow, mattress and cap" … He was buried Oct. 20th , 1770. — The Southern Argus, Norfolk, Va., July 31, 1859
Virginia and Virginians, R. A. Brock, Vol. I, page 57

November 22, 1859 — The only one of the chapel-vaults injured by the fire was that which contains the body of Peyton Randolph, the president of the first American Congress, and this was only sufficiently broken to show the coffin of this distinguished patriot in an excellent state of preservation. It may not be out of place here, to designate the vaults of the chapel and the resting places of the dead who slumber within them. Under the rostrum there are three vaults. That in the northeast corner of the chapel contains the bodies of Sir John Randolph and as we have every reason to believe, of Lord Botetourt. That in the southeast corner the remains of Peyton Randolph and his wife and that between these two the body of John, son of Sir John Randolph, father of Edmund Randolph, a member of Gen. Washington's 201 Cabinet. He was Attorney General of the crown for the colony of Virginia. He died in London.

Near the northeastwest corner of the chapel is the vault in which repose the ashes of James Madison, the first Bishop of Virginia, and his wife, and on the same side, a few feet farther east is the grave of Chancellor Nelson.

Near the vault of Sir Jno. Randolph on the north side was a magnificent monument erected to his memory. The inscription upon it was in Latin and the only copy of it known to be in existence was preserved by Hugh Blair Grigsby, LL. D., a noble benefactor of the College, a distinguished scholar and a liberal patron of Letters and of Art. Near the vault of Bishop Madison there was a mural tablet erected to his memory by the College. A heap of calcined marble is all that remains of these monuments.

— Extract from a paper read by Professor Morrison before the Faculty of the College which, with his permission, was directed to be placed on record.
— Faculty Minutes, November 22, 1859
— William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 2nd series, Volume VIII, page 217283-84
November 22, 1859 — There is still another vault in the west end of the Chapel, which appears to have been overlooked by Mr. Morrison. It contains a copper coffin with a large skeleton, and was doubtless the vault of 202 Lord Botetourt, who is known to have been buried in a coffin of that character. — Note By Dr. L. G. Tyler
— Extract from Faculty Minutes, November 22, 1859
— William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Volume XVI, Page 134

June 25, 1903 — The Chapel of William and Mary College constitutes the south wing of the College. It was opened and dedicated in 1732, when Dr. James Blair, the President, delivered a sermon. Previous to this time, the College building consisted of the front and north wing, which were begun in 1694. The gold patten and cup presented to the College Chapel before the Revolution by Lady Rebecca (Stanton) Gooch, widow of Sir William Gooch, Governor in 1727 - 1740, are now in the custody of Bruton Parish Church in Williamsburg. Underneath the floor of this old Chapel are the vaults of various old Virginians, such as Sir John Randolph, Lord Botetourt, Peyton Randolph, Bishop James Madison, Chancellor Robert Nelson and other worthies. To the memory of several of these there were once handsome tablets on the walls. The tablet erected to the memory of Sir John Randolph was particularly imposing, being highly ornamented and very large. In the will proved February 17, 1783, of Mrs. Betty Randolph, widow of Hon. Peyton Randolph, there is this paragraph: 203 "I have lent the estate money, as Mr. Cocke's receipt will show, to the amount of 130 pounds which I designed should be laid out in a monument to the memory of my dear and blessed husband. My will and desire is that the above sum of one hundred and thirty pounds due from the estate be paid to Edmund Randolph, Esq., he giving bond to my executor to put up a monument in the chapel of William and Mary, opposite to that of his grandfather, Sir John Randolph, which I have been informed cost about that sum, as soon as possible. He is to pay no interest on the money, only to lay out the sum of 130 pounds. My body, which I had almost forgot, I desire may be put in the vault in the College Chapel, in which the remains of my blessed husband are deposited with as little ceremony and expense as possible, as being there is the summit of all my wishes with regard to this world."

In the fire of 1859, which destroyed all of the College except the brick walls, the handsome tablet to Sir John Randolph fell a victim of the flames.

204

At the closing exercises of the College, June 25, 1903, an imposing scene witnessed the unveiling of a new tablet, designed to supply the place of the old. Judge Beverly T. Crump, of Richmond, being introduced to the audience by President Tyler, made an elegant presentation speech in the name of the donors — "The great-great-granddaughter of Sir John Randolph, her children and children's children." The veil was drawn aside by Miss Charlotte Randolph Bemiss, one of the last named, daughter of Mr. E. L. Bemiss, and granddaughter of Mr. John L. Williams, of Richmond. Dr. John W. Lawson, President of the Board of Visitors, in a neat and eloquent address, accepted the gift in behalf of the College.

As the veil was drawn aside by Miss Bemiss, the effect was fine, and the audience seemed much impressed by the beauty of the monument. The tablet is a white marble block, seven and a half feet long, bearing in black letters the inscription, and exact copy of the original one on the marble, which was destroyed when the College burned. According to the Latin inscription, Sir John Randolph was the sixth son of William Randolph of Warwickshire, and Mary Isham, of Northamptonshire, in England. He was born in 1693, and attended William and Mary College, where he displayed great capacity as a student. He then attended Gray's Inn, in London, and graduated with high honors as barrister. REturning to Virginia, he was successively elected Clerk of the 205 Council, Speaker of the House of Burgesses, and Treasurer of the Colony. His reputation as a lawyer was great, and for a long time her represented the College of William and Mary in the General Assembly. He was the first Recorder of the borough of Norfolk.

— William and Mary College Hist. Quarterly, 1st series, Volume XII, page 66-67.
206
Sacred
To the memory of
The Hon. Peyton Randolph, Esq'r,
Whose distinguished virtues in every station of life
Gained him
The affection and confidence of his Country.
Decended from an ancient and respectable family,
He received a liberal and polite education
In William and Mary College.
Removing (from) thence to the Inner Temple,
He was advanced to the Degree of Barrister at Law,
And appointed Attorney General of Virginia.
In this Office
His regard to the peace and security of Society,
His humanity and benevolence
Tot eh criminal his duty obliged him to prosecute,
Were not more conspicuous
Than hi Learning and Integrity in his Profession.
After an extensive practice in the General Court,
He resigned his Law employment;
And being elected Speaker of the House of Burgesses,
Discharged the duties of that high office
With such Ease, Dignity and Impartiality,
That he was frequently called to the Chair, by the
Unanimous voice
Of the Representatives of the People
207 When the measures of the British Ministry
Compelled the American Congress to unite their Councils
In General Congress,
He was chosen first Delegate for this Colony
To that illustrious Assembly;
And was by them unanimously elected their PRESIDENT.
While he was a third time attending to that great Great Council,
A sudden stroke of the Palsy deprived
America of a firm Patriot,
His Country of a wise and faithful Senator,
His acquaintance of an invaluable Friend,
His family of the most affectionate Husband
And Kindest Master.
Upon the 22d Day of October, 1775 In the 54th Year of his Age. History of the College of William and Mary, from Its Foundation, 1660, to 1874, Richmond, Va., 1874.
208

INSCRIPTION FROM THE RURAL TABLET, IN MEMORY OF SIR JOHN RANDOLPH, WHICH WAS DESTROYED BY FIRE IN THE COLLEGE CHAPEL OF WILLIAM AND MARY IN 1859.

Hoc juxta marmor S. E.
Jonannes Randolph, Eques.;
Hujus Collegii dulce ornamentum, alumnus;
Insigne praesidium gubernator,
Grande columen Senator,
Gulielmum patrem generosum,
Mariam ex Ishamorum stirpe.
In agro Northamptoniensi Matrem
Praeclaris dotibus honestavit,
Filius natu Sextus
Literis humanioribus
Artibusque ingenuis fideliter instructus;
(Illi quippe fuerat tum eruditionis,
Tum doctrinae sitis nunquam explenda.)
Hospitium Graiense concessit,
Quo in domicilio
Studiis unice deditus,
Statim inter legum peritos excelluit,
Togamque induit;
Causis validissimus agendis.
In Patriam
Quam semper habuit charissimam reversus,
Causidici
Senatus primum clerici deinde prolocutoris
209 Thesaurarii
Legati ad Anglos semel atque iterum missi,
Glocestriae demum curiae judicis primarii,
Vices arduas honestasque sustinuit
Perite, graviter, integre;
Quibus in muniis,
Vix parem habuit
Superiorem certe neminem.
Hos omnes quos optime meruit honores,
Cum ingenua totius corporis pulchritudo,
Et quidam senatorius decor,
Tum eximium ingenii acumen
Egregie illustrarunt.
At AEquitas summi juris expers,
Clientum fidele omium
Pauperiorum sine mercede patrocinium,
Hospitium sine luxu spendidum,
Veritas sine fuco,
Sine fastu Charitas.
Ceteris animi virtutibus
Facile praeluxerunt.
Tandem
Laboribus vigiliisque fractus,
Morboque lentissimo confectus
Cum sibi satis, sed amicis, sed Reip: parum vixisset,
Susannam
Petri Beverley Armigeri
210 Filiam natu minimam,
Confugem delectissimam,
(Ex qua tres filios fillamque unicam susceperat,)
Sui magno languentem desiderio
Reliquit
Sexto Non: Mar: Anno Dom: 1736 - 7
AEtat : 44.

History of the College of William and Mary, from Its Foundation, 1660 to 1874, Richmond, Va., 1874
— Catalogue of the College of William and Mary, 1859-60; Page 8.

WREN BUILDING
INDEX TO NAMES & SUBJECTS

A.
ABRAHAM (servant),
p. 83
ACCOUNTS
p. 4, 13, 57.
Mr. Blair's,
p. 12.
building,
p. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 130, 147, 148, 173, 174, 175.
Col. Byrd's,
p. 11.
college,
p. 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13.
Col. Hill's,
p. 12.
Col. Lear's,
p. 12
Mr. Perry's,
p. 10, 12.
rebuilding,
p. 129, 130, 131, 132.
ACRES,
p. 6
ACTS,
for building Capitol & city of Williamsburg,
p. 139, 142, 143.
for building college,
p. 138
locating college,
p. 141.
ADAMS, Charles Francis,
p. 166.
ADDRESSES, president's,
p. 72.
ADVERTISEMENTS, at Capitol,
p. 54.
ADVERTISING,
p. 168.
AETNA INSURANCE COMPANY,
p. 89.
AGENTS,
p. 148, 183.
AISLES,
p. 97, 190.
ALFRIEND, Frank H.,
p. 113.
ALLAN, Major,
p. 36, 37.
ALLEN, Mathew,
p. 49.
ALLEN & GREEN,
p. 128, 129, 130, 131, 132.
ALLEYS, Bowling,
p. 95.
ALTARS,
p. 77.
ALTERATIONS,
p. 98, 99, 100, 134, 138.
ALTITUDE,
p. 127.
ALUMNI,
p. 118, 150.
AMELIA COUNTY,
p. 159.
AMERICAN CONGRESS,
p. 193, 194, 200, 207.
ANDERSON, Robert,
p. 90.
ANDIRONS,
p. 50.
ANDROS, Sir Edmund,
p. 3, 4, 5, 13.
ANNE,
p. 45, 46, 47, 48.
ANTEROOMS,
p. 97, 98, 99.
to library,
p. 97
APARTMENTS,
p. 52, 54, 55, 58, 79, 84.
grammar masters',
p. 58.
housekeepers,
p. 58.
Indian,
p. 52, 53.
president's,
p. 54.
Society,
p. 80
see also:
CHAMBERS — ROOMS
2.
APPARATUS,
p. 70, 94, 98, 107, 140, 155, 156
chemical,
p. 120, 153, 155, 173.
philosophical,
p. 108, 153, 154, 155, 173.
APPAREL,
p. 29.
APPLETON, D. & COMPANY,
p. 123.
APPROPRIATIONS,
p. 45, 46, 47, 173, 175.
ARCADE,
p. 171.
window panes for,
p. 173.
ARCHBISHOPS,
p. 136.
of Canterbury,
p. 16, 17, 19, 42.
ARCHER, Miss,
p. 159, 160.
ARCHES,
p. 99, 147.
brick,
p. 85
ARCHIVES, public,
p. 5.
ARCHITECTS,
p. 103, 118, 119, 121, 122, 124, 125, 128, 129, 131, 132, 168, 169, 172, 174.
ARCHITECTURE, Italian,
p. 127.
"ARGUS",
p. 194.
ARITHMETIC,
p. 164.
ARMISTEAD, Robert H.,
p. 118
ARMORY, room used as,
p. 182.
ARNOLD, CONSTABLE & COMPANY,
p. 122.
ARTS, liberal,
p. 43.
ASSEMBLY
see GENERAL ASSEMBLY
"ASSOCIATION",
p. 188.
ASYLUM,
p. 154.
ATTORNEYS,
p. 148, 165, 166.
ATTORNEY-GENERALS,
p. 193, 194, 197, 201, 206.
English,
p. 166.
AUDITOR GENERAL,
p. 17, 44, 45, 46, 47.
B.
BAGWELL, Mr.
p. 105.
BAKER, Samuel,
p. 10.
BAKING,
p. 24.
BALCONIES, three,
p. 19.
BALLARD, Capt. Thomas,
p. 31.
BALLS,
p. 79.
BANISTERS,
p. 49.
BANKRUPTCY,
p. 120.
BANKS, of the Commonwealth,
p. 158, 159.
BARBAR, Capt. Thomas,
p. 31
BARRACKS,
p. 69
college used as,
p. 152
BARRETT, Mrs. Mary,
p. 51.
BARRICADING,
p. 20, 22.
BARRISTERS,
p. 204.
BARRY, William T.,
p. 69.
BASEMENT,
p. 104, 105, 106.
rooms, dinner in,
p. 147.
BASKERVILLE, Mr.,
p. 57.
BASSETT, Mr.,
p. 87.
Richard,
p. 92.
BATTERIES, fire,
p. 78
BATTLE OF WILLIAMSBURG,
p. 152.
BEAMS,
p. 107, 137, 170.
3.
BEAUFORT, Duke of,
p. 191, 192.
BEDDING,
p. 59.
BEDS,
p. 22, 25, 26, 28, 31, 60.
cords for,
p. 9.
feather,
p. 7.
BEDSTEADS,
p. 60.
BEEF,
p. 11.
BELFRY,
p. 72, 80-a, 99, 101.
damage to,
p. 80-a, 85.
BELL, PACE, LAVENDAR & COMPANY,
p. 123.
BELLS,
p. 49, 51, 72, 80, 127, 146.
recasting of,
p. 164.
BEMISS, Charlotte Randolph,
p. 204.
BENCHES,
p. 87, 130
chapel,
p. 83.
BERNE, Switzerland,
p. 19.
BEVELL, Mr.,
p. 133.
BEVERLEY, Robert,
p. 32.
BEW, George,
p. 132.
BIBLE, history of,
p. 11.
BILLS,
p. 11.

of exchange,
p. 9.
BISHOPS,
p. 136
of London,
p. 48, 56.
of Virginia,
p. 201.
BLACKBOARDS,
p. 78, 80-a.
BLACKWATER SWAMP,
p. 12.
BLAIR,
Mr.,
p. 15, 34, 36, 40.
Rev. Commissary James,
p. 29, 39, 54.
President James,
p. 11, 13, 16, 19, 20, 22, 25, 41, 202.
account of,
p. 6, 12.
affadavit of,
p. 20.
charges against Ingles,
p. 21.
charges against Nicholson,
p. 23.
to go to England,
p. 4.
John,
p. 134, 135.
Mrs. John,
p. 135.
BLANKETS,
p. 60.
BLAKR, Mr.,
p. 10.
BLATHWAITE, Mr. William,
p. 44.
BLUE ROOM,
p. 80-a, 88, 98, 105, 107, 108, 135.
BOARD, rates for,
p. 65.
BOARDERS,
p. 185.
BOARDS,
p. 67, 87.
BOLTS,
p. 71.
BONDS,
p. 183.
Confederate,
p. 158, 160.
BOOKCASES,
p. 89, 98, 145.
BOOKS,
p. 10, 11, 41, 46, 56, 68, 92, 107, 108, 116, 136, 140, 145, 153, 154.
burning of,
p. 104.
college,
p. 103.
for Indians,
p. 17.
Ingles' loss of,
p. 42.
loss of,
p. 44.
4.
BOSHER, C.H.,
p. 123.
BOSTON,
p. 126.
BOTETOURT, Norborne Berkeley Baron de,
p. 68, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 202.
executors of,
p. 191.
statue of,
p. 126.
BOWLER, Mr.,
p. 56
BOWLING ALLEY,
p. 95.
BOWMAN, MR.,
p. 121.
Sherrard T.,
p. 90, 116, 132, 147.
BOWRY,
J. J.,
p. 174
R.,
p. 174.
BOYLE, Hon. Robert,
p. 135.
BRAFFERTON BUILDING,
p. 51, 52, 56, 60, 70, 73, 74, 81, 82, 84, 90, 91, 92, 94, 121, 126, 146, 177, 185.
classes in,
p. 170.
damages to,
p. 155.
destruction of,
p. 52.
dimensions of,
p. 52.
garret rooms in,
p. 52.
kitchen to,
p. 94, 153.
quarters of U.S. Army in,
p. 152.
repairs to,
p. 94, 95, 163, 175.
roof,
p. 52.
tenants of,
p. 80-a, 182.
woodwork in,
p. 153.
BRAFFERTON FUND,
p. 56.
BRANDON,
p. 126.
BREECHES,
p. 26
BREWHOUSE, standing furniture for,
p. 49
BREWING,
p. 24.
BRICK KILN,
p. 69.
BRICKLAYERS,
p. 7, 8, 10, 55, 90, 111, 113, 129, 132, 174.
hired,
p. 9.
master,
P. 169.
BRICKMAKERS,
p. 6, 15, 132.
BRICKMAKING,
p. 14.
BRICKS,
p. 6, 9, 15, 54, 55, 56, 57, 60, 71, 88, 111, 112, 130, 131, 169, 195, 203
carved,
p. 51.
chapel,
p. 13, 14
common,
p. 173.
inspecting of,
p. 174.
moulded cornice,
p. 130.
moulds for,
p. 9.
pressed,
p. 173.
stool of,
p. 15.
Virginia,
p. 51.
BRICKWORK,
p. 84, 87, 170, 172.
BRITISH MINISTRY,
p. 207.
BROADCLOTH, green,
p. 50.
BROADSIDES,
p. 188.
BROCK, R. A.,
p. 200.
BROOKS, Archer,
p. 130, 133.
5.
BROWN,
James,
p. 13.
John,
p. 85.
Col. William,
p. 6.
William Smith,
p. 122.
BROWNE,
Mr.,
p. 78, 82.
Professor,
p. 75, 80, 86, 87, 89.
BRUTON PARISH,
p. 28, 54, 164, 166, 167, 181.
church of,
p. 102, 192, 202.
BUCKETS,
p. 79.
leather,
p. 50.
BUCKINGHAM SLATE COMPANY,
p. 170, 173
BUGLERS,
p. 19.
BUILDERS,
p. 87, 119, 128, 129.
BUILDING, Main,
accounts of,
p. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.
committee to inspect,
p. 13, 14.
completion of,
p. 48, 49, 144.
faults in,
p. 24, 25.
First,
p. 3, 5.
funds for,
p. 147, 148.
proposed,
p. 63, 65.
restoration of,
p. 168.
Second,
p. 43.
unfinished,
p. 48.
BUILDING COMMITTEES,
p. 3, 13, 14, 111, 169, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178.
report of,
p. 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178.
BUILDING MATERIALS,
p. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 21, 23, 47, 54, 55, 56, 57, 63, 65, 70, 71, 80, 83, 84, 85, 87, 112, 130, 131, 148, 168, 169, 170, 172, 173, 174, 175, 195.
English,
p. 90.
BUILDINGS,
p. 23, 70, 75, 90, 155, 162, 163.
abuse of,
p. 23.
condition of,
p. 161.
public,
p. 139, 140, 143.
purchased for college,
p. 116.
Mrs. Whaley's,
p. 165.
BURGESSES,
p. 18, 19, 23, 33, 37, 56, 188, 205, 206,
Association of,
p. 188.
committee of,
p. 37.
BURKHOLDER, DENNIS & COMPANY,
p. 122.
BURLINGTON, Earl of,
p. 135.
BURNING OF COLLEGE,
see FIRES
BURRAGE, Nicholas,
p. 133.
BURSARS,
p. 91, 95, 103, 130, 148, 156, 157, 162, 173, 180.
report of,
p. 186
BURTON,
Mr.,
p. 61.
George,
p. 25.
BURWELL,
Carter,
p. 61.
N.,
p. 146.
BUTTRESSES,
p. 147.
BYRD,
Col.,
p. 11, 13, 14.
Charles W.,
p. 83.
George T.,
p. 78.
Thomas,
p. 60.
6.
W.,
p. 146.
William,
p. 4, 5, 17, 18.
C.
CABINET MAKERS,
p. 199, 200.
CAPS,
p. 200.
CAPSTONE,
p. 144.
CAMPBELL, Col.
p. 152.
CANDLES,
p. 22, 105.
CANTERBURY, Archbishop of,
p. 16, 17, 19, 42.
CAPITAL,
p. 67.
CAPITOL,
p. 15, 16, 31, 54, 68, 139, 140, 143.
at Jamestown,
p. 142.
clock for,
p. 25.
country's houses at,
p. 25.
workmen,
p. 25.
CAPPS, F.,
p. 132.
CARPENTERS,
p. 7, 8, 9, 73, 75, 76, 78, 80, 83, 129, 132, 170, 174, 177.
CARPETS,
p. 98.
CARRIAGE HOUSE,
p. 59.
CARRIAGES,
p. 59.
CART HORSES,
p. 7.
CARTER, Robert,
p. 122.
CARTRIDGE, Mr.,
p. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
CARTS, wheels for,
p. 9.
CARY,
Capt. Miles,
p. 3, 4, 31.
Henry,
p. 55.
CASES,
p. 105
for books,
p. 145.
CASWELL, John & Company,
p. 122.
CATALOGUES, college,
p. 107, 146
CAVALRY, Fifth Pennsylvania,
p. 152
CELEBRATIONS,
p. 19
CELLARS,
p. 71, 81, 88, 94, 104, 105, 106
lodgings in
p. 26
CEMENT,
p. 173
CEILINGS,
p. 135
chapel,
p. 190, 191
vaulted,
p. 135, 136
CHAIRS,
p. 60
leather,
p. 50.
CHAMBERS,
p. 18, 22, 27, 35, 40, 41, 55, 58, 104.
Blair's,
p. 34, 36.
grammar school,
p. 21.
Indian master's,
p. 49.
northernmost,
p. 35.
porch,
p. 21.
Mr. Robertson's,
p. 35.
Speaker's,
p. 26.
see also:
APARTMENTS, ROOMS
7.
CHAMPAGNE,
p. 147.
CHANCELLORS,
p. 41, 136, 141, 150.
CHANDELIERS,
p. 98.
CHANNEL,
p. 81.
CHAPEL,
p. 13, 14, 15, 53, 70, 71, 90, 97, 98, 127, 129, 134, 135, 136, 145, 172, 201, 202, 203, 204.
burials in,
p. 76, 77.
doors of,
p. 197.
fire in,
p. 106.
floor,
p. 190, 191, 194, 195, 202.
forms in,
p. 56.
foundations of,
p. 15.
gifts of bricks for,
p. 13, 14.
monument in,
p. 190, 201, 202, 203, 206, 207
to Sir John Randolph,
p. 192.
opening of,
p. 55, 56.
painting of,
p. 97.
repairs to,
p. 82, 83.
rooms over,
p. 95.
rostrum,
p. 200.
student interred in,
p. 192, 199.
tablets in,
p. 107, 204.
to Bishop Madison,
p. 192.
to be erected,
p. 54.
vaults in,
p. 136, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210.
Botetourt interred in,
p. 189.
examination of,
p. 189.
Randolph's,
p. 191, 193, 195, 196.
CHAPLAINS,
p. 134.
CHARCOAL,
p. 73.
CHARLES, J.S.,
p. 182, 185.
CHARTER,
college,
p. 4, 33, 41, 135, 138, 141, 142, 154.
funds provided in,
p. 5.
CHELSEA HOSPITAL,
p. 53, 138.
CHEMICAL APPARATUS,
p. 94, 98, 107, 120.
CHEMICAL LABORATORY,
p. 70, 86, 87, 89, 91, 105, 106, 135, 172, 173.
CHEMICALS,
p. 105, 153.
CHEMISTRY,
p. 91.
professors of,
p. 151.
CHESAPEAKE & OHIO RAILWAY COMPANY,
p. 180.
CHESTS,
p. 27.
CHICKAHOMINY RIVER,
p. 100.
CHILDREN, Indian,
p. 17.
CHIMNEYS,
p. 28, 29, 34, 35, 40, 77, 78, 99, 107, 178.
alterations to,
p. 99.
chamber,
P. 39, 41.
cleaning of,
p. 50.
kitchen,
p. 34.
rebuilding of,
p. 70.
school,
p. 24-a.
size of,
p. 24.
sweeping of,
p. 41.
CHIPHEAD, William,
p. 6.
CHISWELL, Mr.,
p. 51.
8.
CHRISTMAS,
p. 16, 20, 21, 51, 80.
CHURCHES,
p. 43, 68, 77, 102, 141, 143.
Middle Plantation,
p. 138, 139, 141.
Presbyterian,
p. 186.
CHURCHWARDENS,
p. 164, 165.
CISTERNS,
p. 94.
CITIZENS,
p. 153, 178.
CITY COUNCIL,
p. 102.
CITY HOTEL,
p. 103.
CIVIL WAR,
see WAR BETWEEN THE STATES
CLAFFIN, MELLIN & COMPANY,
p. 122.
CLARKE, Mr.,
p. 95.
CLASSICAL SCHOOL,
p. 84, 86.
CLAY, Mr.,
p. 61.
CLERGY, conventions of,
p. 57, 135.
CLEMENTS, Francis,
p. 11.
CLERKS,
p. 6.
of college,
p. 11, 50.
of council,
p. 23.
of House of Burgesses,
p. 18, 23.
surveyor's,
p. 9.
CLOCK,
p. 102.
Capitol,
p. 25.
CLOSETS,
p. 22, 27.
CLOTH,
p. 50, 196.
CLOTHES, Indian,
p. 17.
CLOTHING,
p. 29, 30, 108.
COCKE, Mr.,
p. 203.
COCKLOFT,
p. 72.
COFFINS,
p. 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199
Botetourt's,
p. 199, 200
copper,
p. 201.
plates on,
p. 197, 198, 200
COLLARS, Dutch,
p. 7.
COLE, R.F.,
p. 183.
COLLEGE,
p. 25.
barracks at,
p. 69.
Botetourt's statue removed to,
p. 68.
description of,
1724,
p. 52, 53, 54;
1775,
p. 68.
1804,
p. 69.
1859,
p. 100, 101, 102, 103.
design of,
p. 19.
drawing of,
p. 19.
first meeting of council at,
p. 17.
governors and trustees of,
p. 33, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51.
gunners stores in,
p. 16.
hospitals in,
p. 65, 66, 67, 149, 150, 151, 152.
lot of,
p. 58, 59.
removal of, proposed,
p. 160.
removal of records to,
p. 18.
revenues,
p. 11.
seal of,
p. 10.
south end of,
p. 26.
9.
COLLEGE HOTEL,
p. 121, 149, 154, 163, 164, 181, 182, 185.
COLLEGE TABLE,
p. 21, 50, 51, 84.
COLLINS & THRACHSTON,
p. 122.
COLUMBIA COLLEGE,
p. 123.
COLUMNS, pine,
p. 87.
COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF,
p. 33.
COMMENCEMENT,
p. 99, 147.
COMMISSARIES,
p. 39.
stores of, in college,
p. 152.
COMMISSIONERS, lords,
p. 37.
COMMITTEES,
p. 23, 49, 51, 64
apparatus,
p. 94
executive,
p. 180, 185, 186.
for building college,
p. 3, 13, 14, 111, 120, 124, 126, 127, 131, 132.
report of,
p. 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178.
of Council & Burgesses, on fire,
p. 37.
of election & privileges,
p. 32.
of repairs,
p. 80, 80-a, 81, 83, 94, 95.
of students,
p. 79.
of Trade & Plantations,
p. 37.
of Revolutionary Claims,
p. 67.
to inspect, building,
p. 13, 14.
to get subscriptions for rebuilding,
p. 117, 118.
COMMON ROOM,
p. 59.
COMPANIES, Militia,
p. 33.
Wise's,
p. 182.
CONDUCTORS,
p. 60.
CONFEDERATE STATES,
p. 148, 158
army,
p. 152.
bonds,
p. 158, 160.
cavalry of,
p. 152.
CONFERENCE, Lambeth,
p. 15.
CONGRESS,
p. 64, 67
Continental,
p. 193, 194, 200, 207.
first American,
p. 194.
CONGRESSIONAL REPORTS,
p. 107.
CONNOLLY, CHARLES M. & Company,
p. 122.
CONSTRUCTION, defects in,
p. 144.
CONTINENTAL CONGRESS,
p. 193, 194, 200, 207.
CONTINENTAL HOSPITAL,
p. 64.
CONTRACTORS,
p. 129, 130, 131, 172.
CONTRACTS,
p. 10, 124, 125, 131, 172.
for rebuilding,
p. 168, 129.
CONTRIBUTIONS,
p. 55, 120, 126.
rebuilding,
p. 122, 123.
CONVENTIONS, of clergy,
p. 135.
CONVOCATIONS,
p. 74, 172.
rooms for,
p. 50.
COOKING,
p. 24.
COOKS,
p. 63.
COOPER & POND,
p. 123.
COPPER,
p. 201.
CORBIN, Col.,
p. 36.
10.
CORN,
p. 7, 9, 29.
CORNBURY, Lord,
p. 38.
CORNICE,
p. 122.
bricks moulded for,
p. 130.
COSNAHAN, J. B.,
p. 118.
COST, of first building,
p. 5.
COSTE, Jean Francoise,
p. 67.
COVERED WAY,
p. 94, 95.
COUNCIL, of Trade & Plantations,
p. 37.
Virginia Colony,
p. 3, 33, 36, 37, 56.
clerk of,
p. 23, 205.
committee of,
p. 37.
meeting of, at college,
p. 17, 18, 19.
orders of,
p. 8, 37.
President of,
p. 45.
COUNTIES, militia of,
p. 33.
COURT HOUSES,
p. 117.
COURTS,
p. 52, 165.
of Chancery,
p. 164, 165, 181.
of St. James,
p. 166.
COWLES, D.S.,
p. 95.
CRADDOCK, Mr.,
p. 12.
CRAIG, William,
p. 25, 50.
CRAMPTON, William,
p. 133.
CREDIT,
p. 4.
CRUMP,
Mr.,
p. 88
Judge Beverly, T.,
p. 204.
CRYER, George,
p. 10.
CUP, gold,
p. 202.
CUPOLA,
p. 28, 29, 30, 31, 52, 101, 170.
falling of,
p. 39.
fire on,
p. 25, 28, 29.
CUSTIS,
Mr.,
p. 95.
John,
p. 18.
CUSTOMS, of college,
p. 20.
CYPHER, college,
p. 50.
D.
DANCING MASTER,
p. 50.
DANCING SCHOOL,
p. 50.
DAVIDGE, William H.,
p. 122.
DAVIES,
Mr.,
p. 5.
William,
p. 76.
DAVIS, Oliver,
p. 173.
DAWSON,
Commisary,
p. 57.
William,
p. 55, 56.
DAYBROOKS, Mrs.,
p. 81.
DEBATES,
p. 80.
DEBATING SOCIETY,
p. 95.
DEBTS,
p. 38, 177, 180, 184, 187.
DEFENSIVE WORKS, in college yard,
p. 153.
DEEDS,
p. 6.
of trust,
p. 181, 183.
10a.
DEGREES,
p. 72.
DELAWAFER (pirate),
p. 5.
DEPARTMENTS, Preparatory,
p. 161.
DEPOSITIONS,
p. 36, 104.
DEPOT,
p. 181.
DEPUTY SECRETARY,
p. 17, 18.
DESIGN, of college,
p. 19.
DESKS,
p. 80, 130.
DESTRUCTION, of buildings by soldiers,
p. 153.
DEW,
Mr.
p. 79.
Professor,
p. 135.
DIAL,
p. 126.
DIAL POST,
p. 69.
DIET,
p. 7.
workmen's,
p. 6.
DIGGES,
Miss,
p. 63.
Ned,
p. 63.
DIMENSIONS,
p. 89, 109
of buildings,
p. 52, 53.
of stable,
p. 59.
DINING HALL,
p. 147.
DINING ROOMS,
p. 92, 105.
DINNER,
p. 57, 60, 62, 63, 147.
DIPPER, John,
p. 81.
DISMAL SWAMP CANAL COMPANY,
p. 159.
DITCHES,
p. 81.
DIVIDENDS,
p. 159.
DIVINITY, study of,
p. 43.
DIVINITY SCHOOL,
p. 53.
DOCTOR OF LAWS,
p. 72.
DOGS,
p. 29.
"DOME OF MILAN",
p. 40.
DONATIONS,
p. 5, 10, 11, 103, 145.
DONNYS, Davy,
p. 12.
DOORKEEPERS,
p. 51.
DOORS,
p. 22, 35, 51, 53, 72, 94, 134, 153, 163.
barricading of,
p. 20, 22.
belfry,
p. 80-a, 85.
chamber,
p. 104.
chapel,
p. 195.
closet,
p. 27.
folding,
p. 22, 78, 84, 85, 129, 145.
library,
p. 61.
north,
p. 39, 80-a.
panels to,
p. 88.
piazza,
p. 26, 40.
south,
p. 26, 27.
stable,
p. 59.
western,
p. 147.
wicket,
p. 58, 62.
DORMITORIES,
p. 52, 61, 99, 100, 104, 127.
DOUGLASS, William R.C.,
p. 118.
DRAINAGE,
p. 80, 81, 82, 83.
DRAINS,
p. 24-a, 80-a, 81, 82.
DRAWING, of college,
p. 19.
11.
DRINKING, health,
p. 38.
DRUM LINES,
p. 9.
DUBOIS & VANDERVOORT,
p. 122.
DUKE OF GLOUCESTER STREET,
p. 67, 81, 139, 143.
DUNEGAN, Mr.,
p. 173, 174.
DUNMORE, John Murray, Earl of,
p. 194, 197.
DURYEE, Jacques & Company,
p. 123.
DUTCH COLLARS,
p. 7.
E.
EDDINGS, William,
p. 29.
EDITORS,
p. 118.
EDWARDS, Mr.,
p. 11, 15.
EGGLESTON,
p. 61.
ELECTIONS,
p. 32, 38, 175.
ELEVATION,
p. 122, 128, 172
front,
p. 128.
increase of,
p. 127.
ELLIOT, William,
p. 133.
ELMS,
p. 90.
ENCLOSURE, college,
p. 81, 94, 152, 155, 175, 177, 186.
ENDS,
east,
p. 27.
north,
p. 27, 35, 36, 39, 40, 52.
south,
p. 26, 28, 34, 35, 39, 50.
ENGINE, fire,
p. 50.
ENGLAND,
p. 10, 21, 51, 60, 140, 143, 160, 164, 165, 168, 189, 191, 198, 204.
Blair to procure funds in,
p. 4.
expenses in,
p. 6.
furniture from,
p. 41, 50.
great seal of,
p. 43.
public archives in,
p. 5.
ENGLISH,
p. 181.
ENTERTAINMENTS,
p. 147.
ESCUTCHEONS, on coffin,
p. 200.
ESTATE, Mrs. Whaley's,
p. 164.
ESTIMATES,
for rebuilding,
p. 119, 120.
of cost,
p. 5, 177.
of losses,
p. 155, 156.
of value,
p. 144.
EVACUATION, of Williamsburg,
p. 158.
EVENS, Col.,
p. 38.
EVERGREENS,
p. 56.
EWELL, Benjamin S.,
p. 94, 95, 97, 98, 104, 105, 113, 118, 119, 120, 121, 125, 131, 136, 137, 149, 156, 162, 170, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 178
report of,
p. 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188.
EXALL, Mr.,
p. 118, 119, 121, 125.
12
EXAMINATIONS,
p. 69.
EXCHANGE ,
p. 13.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE,
p. 180, 185, 186.
EXECUTORS,
p. 165, 203.
EXERCISES,
commencement,
p. 147.
public,
p. 145.
resuming of,
p. 150.
suspension of,
p. 149, 150, 151.
EXPENSES,
p. 4, 159, 160
faculty,
p. 156.
travelling,
p. 132, 174.
EXPORTS, tobacco,
p. 5, 43.
F.
FACULTY,
p. 74, 76, 77, 97, 100, 110, 112, 115, 119, 121, 124, 125, 127, 129, 130, 132, 133, 135, 141, 144, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161, 162, 163, 165, 166, 168, 176, 177, 179, 180, 182, 183, 195, 201.
report of,
p. 164.
FAULTS, in building,
p. 24, 25.
FAXON, Eben,
p. 122, 124, 125, 129, 131, 132.
FEARON, Mr.,
p. 166.
FEES,
p. 6, 19, 36, 75.
architectural,
p. 125, 129.
naval officers',
p. 36.
tuition,
p. 160.
FENCES,
partition,
p. 84.
see also
PALINGS
FENDERS,
p. 50.
FENTON, B.
p. 174.
FIFTH PENNSYLVANIA REGIMENT,
p. 152
FINNEY, John,
p. 74.
FIRE BATTERY,
p. 78.
FIRE ENGINES,
p. 50.
FIRE SHOVELS,
p. 50.
FIREPLACES,
p. 38.
Rumfordizing of,
p. 83.
FIRES, at college,
p. 24, 29, 38, 39, 40, 41, 54, 103, 117, 118, 125, 126, 127, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 153, 154, 169, 203, 208.
1705,
p. 46, 53, 54, 139, 142, 143.
1827,
p. 77, 78.
1859,
p. 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 133.
1862 resolutions on,
p. 113, 114, 115, 116.
1879,
p. 178.
accounts of,
Ingles',
p. 34.
Nott's,
p. 37.
Capt. West's,
p. 39.
charges concerning,
p. 33.
danger of,
p. 24.
insurance against,
p. 71, 72.
inquiry into,
p. 41.
prevention of,
p. 77, 78, 79.
testimony on,
p. 24-a, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31.
FIREWOOD,
p. 49, 71, 104, 106, 108.
13.
FIREWOOD, fences used for,
p. 152.
FIREWORKS,
p. 19.
FIRST BUILDING,
p. 3.
cost of,
p. 5.
FISHER, C.M. ,
p. 165, 166.
FLAG OF TRUCE,
p. 156.
FLEET,
p. 16.
FLOORING,
p. 99, 172.
FLOORS,
p. 40, 87, 91, 94, 106, 135, 153, 163, 170.
chapel,
p. 190, 191, 194, 195, 202.
first,
p. 98, 134, 135.
fire on,
p. 24-a.
second,
p. 98, 99, 100, 104, 135, 136.
third,
p. 85, 99, 121.
upper,
p. 80, 153.
wooden,
p. 199.
FLUE-PIPES, iron,
p. 89.
FODDER,
p. 9.
FOLDING DOORS,
p. 129.
FOUACE,
Mr.,
p. 11.
Stephen,
p. 4, 21.
FOUNDATIONS,
p. 47, 111, 126.
chapel,
p. 15.
clearing of,
p. 47.
date for laying first,
p. 3.
funds for,
p. 44.
President's house,
p. 55, 56.
FOUNTAIN, Rev. Francis,
p. 49, 61.
FORAGES,
p. 9.
FORD, W.,
p. 56.
FORMS, chapel,
p. 56.
FORTS,
p. 152.
FOX, Mr.,
p. 55.
FRAMES,
p. 91.
brick,
p. 85.
window,
p. 51, 94.
FRANCES, James,
p. 165.
FRANKLINEAN SOCIETY,
p. 74, 75, 80.
FREEMASONS, lodge of,
p. 144.
FREIGHT,
p. 174.
FRENCH TROOPS,
p. 66.
FRENCH HOSPITALS,
p. 66.
FRONT,
p. 5, 28, 202.
dimensions of,
p. 127.
east,
p. 56.
elevation of,
p. 128.
portico on,
p. 98.
west,
p. 56.
FRY,
Mr.,
p. 55.
Charles M. & Company,
p. 122.
FUNDS,
p. 91, 92, 96, 97, 100, 120, 145, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 164, 165, 166, 169, 171, 172, 173, 175, 176, 177, 179, 180, 181, 183, 184.
building,
p. 121, 147, 148.
from tobacco duties,
p. 5.
investment of,
p. 156, 157.
14
loss of,
p. 158, 159.
private,
p. 178.
rebuilding,
p. 103.
FUNERAL, Lord Botetourt's,
p. 189.
FURNITURE,
p. 46, 50, 56, 59, 60, 80-a, 90, 100, 105, 108, 116, 130, 144, 145, 153.
burning of,
p. 37.
kitchen,
p. 50.
loss of,
p. 41, 44.
standing,
p. 49.
FURS & SKINS, account of,
p. 12.
G.
GALLERIES,
p. 36, 136.
chapel,
p. 97.
GARDENS,
p. 21, 52, 55, 56, 94.
kitchen,
p 56.
GARRETT, Robert M.,
p. 118.
GATES, college,
p. 24-a, 25, 29, 51, 73, 80-a, 81, 84, 85, 126.
locking of,
p. 126, 50.
GEESE,
p. 102.
GENERAL ASSEMBLY,
p. 54, 138, 139, 141, 143, 191, 205.
adjournment of,
p. 33.
at College,
p. 139, 142.
chaplain of,
p. 134.
meeting of,
p. 26, 56.
offer of rooms to,
p. 15.
opening of,
p. 32.
GENERAL CONGRESS,
p. 64.
GENERAL COURT,
bar of,
p. 32.
meeting at college of,
p. 15, 16.
GERMAN, professor of,
p. 151.
GIFTS,
p. 10, 11, 44, 45, 55.
of books,
p. 136.
of brick,
p. 13, 14.
GIRDERS,
p. 24-a.
GIST, R.,
p. 146.
GLASS,
p. 54, 76, 78, 84.
sash,
p. 51.
window,
p. 80-a, 183.
GLAZING,
p. 76.
GLOUCESTER,
p. 113.
GOVERNORS,
p. 13, 14, 15, 33, 36, 38, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 136.
of college,
p. 15, 23.
service on building committee,
p. 13.
GOVERNORS & TRUSTEES, of College,
p. 33, 43.
GOVERNORS & VISITORS, of college,
p. 4, 44, 47, 49, 50, 73, 149, 150.
GOVERNOR'S HOUSE,
p. 139, 143.
15
GRADUATES,
p. 147.
GRAMMAR SCHOOL,
p. 36, 135, 161, 176, 177, 185.
barricading of,
p. 20.
chamber in,
p. 21.
founding of,
p. 4.
hall of,
p. 79.
in Brafferton,
p. 169.
master for,
p. 4, 5, 58.
usher for,
p. 4.
writing master for,
p. 4.
GRAND JURY,
p. 32.
GRAND LODGE, of Masons,
p. 144.
GRANITE,
p. 173.
sills of,
p. 171.
steps of,
p. 92.
GRATES,
p. 24, 60.
GRAVES, William C.,
p. 132.
GRAVEYARD,
p. 102.
GRAY & GLASSELL,
p. 123.
GRAY'S INN,
p. 204.
GREAT HALL,
p. 25, 31, 36, 39, 40, 135.
GREEK, professor of,
p. 151.
GREEN, Jobe (pseud.),
p. 103.
GREEN & ALLEN,
p. 128, 129, 130, 131, 132.
GREP, John,
p. 133.
GRIFFIN, Robert,
p. 174.
GRIGSBY, Hugh Blair,
p. 110, 111, 112, 120, 137, 141, 156, 157, 159, 170, 171, 194, 201.
GROUNDS,
college,
p. 94, 152, 163, 192.
enclosed,
p. 177.
GUNNER'S STORES,
p. 16.
GUTTERS,
p. 148.
lead,
p. 35.
GWATKIN, Rev. Thomas,
p. 60.
H.
HADLEY, Thomas,
p. 10, 13, 14.
HAIR,
p. 21.
HALLAM, Lewis,
p. 188.
HALLS,
p. 24, 26, 27, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 62, 134, 135, 147.
central,
p. 135.
chimney over,
p. 24-a.
dining,
p. 57, 147.
glass for,
p. 51.
Grammar School,
p. 79.
Great,
p. 25, 31, 36, 39, 40, 135.
long,
p. 98.
of debate,
p. 80.
repairs to,
p. 76.
Society,
p. 74, 98, 99, 100, 127, 129, 135, 145, 172.
treats in,
p. 23.
16.
HAMBLETON, Mr.,
p. 35.
HANDLES, coffin,
p. 196, 200.
HANSFORD, C.
p. 185.
HARDY, H.C. & Company,
p. 122.
HARRELL, Mr.,
p. 149, 154.
HARRISON,
Mr.,
p. 39, 40, 41, 120, 185.
Benjamin,
p. 4, 12, 32.
Robert,
p. 8.
William,
p. 126.
William B.,
p. 96, 111.
HARTFORD COURT,
p. 90.
HARTWOOD, Virginia,
p. 132.
HARVIE, Lewis E.,
p. 159.
HASPS,
p. 58.
HATS,
p. 29.
HAULING,
p. 174.
HAWKINS & LOGAN,
p. 122.
HAWTREY,
Edward,
p. 60.
William,
p. 60.
HEADMASTERS,
p. 41.
HEALTH DRINKING,
p. 38.
HEARSE,
p. 191.
HEARTHS,
p. 41.
girders in,
p. 24-a.
pine joists in,
p. 24-a.
HENRY, Mr.,
p. 88.
HENRY, SMITH & TOWNSEND,
p. 123.
HICKORY,
p. 71.
HILL, COL.,
p. 34, 36, 39.
accounts of,
p. 12.
Col. Edward,
p. 26.
HINGES,
p. 80-a.
HINSON (pirate),
p. 5.
HISTORY,
of the Bible,
p. 11.
professors of,
p. 141, 151.
HOGSHEADS,
p. 7, 9.
HOLLY BUSH,
p. 77.
HOLMES, John,
p. 148.
HOLT, C.W.,
p. 132.
HONORARY DEGREES,
p. 72.
HOOPER, Susanna,
p. 30.
HORSES,
p. 7, 8, 28, 29, 49, 83, 101.
HOSPITALS,
Continental,
p. 64.
French,
p. 66.
in college,
p. 65, 66, 67, 149, 152.
lunatic,
p. 154.
HOTEL, college,
p. 121, 149, 154, 163, 164, 181, 182, 185.
HOUSE, President's
see PRESIDENT'S HOUSE
HOUSE OF BURGESSES,
p. 18, 19, 23, 33, 37, 56, 138, 205, 206.
HOUSE OF DELEGATES,
p. 191.
HOUSEKEEPERS,
p. 24, 51, 57, 61, 62, 63, 65.
apartments for,
p. 54.
HOUSES,
p. 21, 67, 101, 182.
country's,
p. 25, 31.
for steward,
p. 92.
for students,
p. 127.
grammar school,
p. 177.
hire of,
p. 9.
17
master's,
p. 164.
Page's,
p. 33.
Prof. Morrison's,
p. 153.
purchased for college,
p. 116, 121.
school,
p. 181.
smoke,
p. 26, 29.
Young's,
p. 30.
HUBARD, G.H.,
p. 123.
HUGHES, James,
p. 54.
HUMANITY, professor of,
p. 76.
HUNTER, James,
p. 123.
I.
ICE HOUSES,
p. 95.
INDIAN SCHOOL,
p. 49, 50, 52, 53, 56.
INDIANS,
conversion of,
p. 43.
master for,
p. 49, 50, 52, 53.
rooms for,
p. 17.
waiting man for,
p. 17.
INDIES,
p. 69.
INFIRMARY,
p. 61.
INGLES,
Mr.,
p. 24-a.
Mongo,
p. 10, 11, 24-a, 25, 42.
letter,
p. 32.
to Nicholson,
p. 38, 39, 40, 41, 42.
reply to Blair,
p. 21.
INGOLDSBY, Col.,
p. 38.
INNER TEMPLE,
p. 206.
INQUIRY,
p. 41.
INSCRIPTIONS, tablet in chapel,
p. 206, 207.
INSTRUMENTS,
p. 135, 136.
INSURANCE,
p. 71, 89, 103, 108, 109, 126.
INTEREST,
p. 159.
INTERIORS,
p. 127.
repairs to,
p. 70, 75, 83.
INVENTORY,
p. 154.
INVESTMENTS, of college funds,
p. 156, 157, 158, 159, 160.
ISHAM, Mary,
p. 204.
J.
JACKSON, Mr.,
p. 51.
JAFFRAY, J.J. & SONS,
p. 122.
JAIL,
p. 140, 143.
JAMES CITY,
p. 18.
JAMES CITY COUNTY,
p. 89.
JAMES RIVER,
p. 67.
JAMES RIVER COMPANY,
p. 159.
JAMESTOWN,
p. 16.
capitol at,
p. 142.
minister of,
p. 134.
road to,
p. 82.
18
JANITORS,
p. 62.
JEFFERSON,
Mr.,
p. 120.
Thomas,
p. 5, 69, 114.
JEFFREYS, Jeffery,
p. 11.
JENINGS, Col.,
accounts of,
p. 12.
Edmund,
p. 18, 45.
JOHNS, Bishop,
p. 135, 156.
JOINTS,
p. 130.
JONES,
Mr.,
p. 61, 88.
Judge,
p. 184.
Rev. Hugh,
p. 53, 54, 134, 137, 138, 140, 141, 143.
John,
p. 160.
John J.,
p. 74.
W.G.,
p. 179.
JOYNES,
Professor,
p. 160, 161.
Edward S.,
p. 113.
JURY, grand,
p. 32.
K.
KEELING, Capt.,
p. 28.
KELLEY, Joseph,
p. 132.
KENDALL, Joshua,
p. 200.
KENN0N,
Elizabeth B.,
p. 192.
Richard,
p. 146.
KEYS,
p. 22, 58, 61, 62
store-room,
p. 63.
KIDD, Joseph,
p. 199.
KITCHENS,
p. 16, 24, 28, 57, 90.
Brafferton,
p. 94.
brick,
p. 153.
chimney in,
p. 34.
furniture for,
p. 49, 50.
garden to,
p. 56.
new,
p. 70.
ovens in,
p. 24-a.
stairs to,
p. 21.
sweeping of,
p. 24-a.
tenanted,
p. 182.
Young's,
p. 30.
L.
LABORATORIES,
p. 86, 87, 104, 108, 120, 127.
chemical,
p. 70, 86, 89, 91, 105, 106, 135, 172, 173.
plans for,
p. 125.
LABORERS,
p. 7, 8, 9, 87, 132.
LACY, Mr.,
p. 185.
LADDERS,
p. 178.
fire,
p. 77, 78, 79.
19.
LADY DAY,
p. 38.
LAFAYETTE, General,
p. 72, 178.
LAMB, William,
p. 194.
LAMBETH, conference at,
p. 15.
LANDS,
Blackwater Swamp,
p. 12.
College,
p. 6, 52, 54, 55.
sales of,
p. 180.
surveyors of,
p. 44.
Mrs. Whaley's,
p. 165.
LANE,
Dr. John E.,
p. 67.
Thomas,
p. 11.
LANGUAGES,
p. 43.
Indian,
p. 17.
professor of,
p. 151, 179.
LANTERNS,
p. 72, 78, 95.
LATHROP & WILKINSON,
p. 122.
LATHS,
p. 21, 85, 87, 170.
LATIN,
inscription in,
p. 201, 204.
masters of,
p. 13.
professor of,
p. 151.
LAUNDRY, standing furniture of,
p. 49.
LAW,
p. 88.
classes in,
p. 93.
professor of,
p. 151.
LAWN,
p. 146.
LAWSON, Dr. John W.,
p. 204.
LEAD,
p. 35, 198, 199.
coffins of,
p. 197, 198.
LEAKS, in roof,
p. 72.
LEAR, Col.,
p. 12.
LECTURE ROOMS,
p. 91, 127, 134, 135, 140, 144, 172.
LECTURES,
p. 70, 71, 79, 80-a, 87, 88, 133.
LEE,
Mr.,
p. 95, 146.
J.H.,
p. 183.
LEGACIES,
p. 164, 181.
LEIGH, William,
p. 18.
LETTERS,
postage of,
p. 10.
Washington's,
p. 136.
LEVINGSTON, William,
p. 50.
LEWIS, R.,
p. 146.
LIBRARIANS,
p. 89.
LIBRARY,
p. 55, 56, 61, 68, 75, 88, 89, 91, 92, 97, 98, 99, 104, 106, 107, 108, 114, 127, 129, 134, 135, 136, 140, 145, 153, 154, 155, 172.
destruction of,
p. 37.
Literary Society,
p. 145.
loss of,
p. 41.
LIGHTING,
p. 78.
LIGHTFOOT,
Harry,
p. 35.
Henry,
p. 27.
LIGHTNING RODS,
p. 60.
LIGHTS,
p. 28.
LIME,
p. 21, 47, 173.
LINDSEY, John,
p. 174, 177.
LINES, drum,
p. 9.
20.
LITERARY SOCIETIES,
p. 145.
LITHOGRAPHS,
p. 126.
LIVE OAKS,
p. 126.
LIVELY, R.A.,
p. 178.
LOANS,
p. 157, 159.
LOCKS,
p. 58, 62, 71, 88.
chamber,
p. 22.
LODGINGS,
p. 19, 23, 25, 26, 55.
LOG,
p. 24-a.
LOGAN, Hawkins T.,
p. 122.
LONDON,
p. 38, 197, 201, 204.
Bishop of,
p. 48, 56.
LOOPHOLES,
p. 153.
LOSSES,
p. 155.
LOTS,
B. Harrison's,
p. 138, 142.
college,
p. 58, 59.
LOUIS XVI,
p. 178.
LUDLOW, General,
p. 163.
LUDWELL, Col.,
p. 4, 11.
LULING, Charles,
p. 123.
LUMBER,
p. 87, 148, 170, 172, 173, 174.
LUNATIC ASYLUM,
p. 124.
LUTESTRING,
p. 200.
LYNCHBURG,
p. 159.
LYTEL, A. & Company,
p. 174.
M.
McCLELLAN, General George,
p. 152.
MACFARLAND,
Mr.,
p. 158.
William H.,
p. 166.
MACON, Ga.,
p. 157.
MADISON, Bishop James,
p. 61, 68, 77, 107, 194, 198, 199, 201, 202.
tablet to,
p. 192.
Mrs.,
p. 198, 201.
MAGAZINE, powder,
p. 140, 143.
MAHAN, Prof. D.H.,
p. 128.
MAIDS,
p. 22.
MAIN BUILDING,
p. 56, 60, 89, 106, 120, 172, 174, 175, 176, 177.
accounts,
p. 173.
before fire, 1859,
p. 133.
dimensions of,
p. 52, 53.
front of,
p. 79.
ruins of,
p. 168.
tenants in,
p. 182.
MAPS,
p. 10, 39.
MARBLE,
p. 201.
MAROT (Morot), John,
p. 30.
MARSH,
P.S.,
p. 122.
Samuel,
p. 147.
MARSHALL, John,
p. 114, 146.
MARY II,
founding of college by,
p. 48.
gift of,
p. 10.
MARYLAND,
p. 5, 11, 12.
21.
MASONS, lodge of,
p. 191.
MASONRY,
p. 71.
MASTERS,
p. 43, 57, 60, 62.
apartments for,
p. 54.
funds for,
p. 49.
grammar,
p. 58.
head,
p. 41.
Indian,
p. 49, 50, 52, 53.
lodgings for,
p. 55.
revenues needed for,
p. 48.
rules for,
p. 59.
MATHEMATICS,
p. 61, 91.
professors of,
p. 49, 134, 137, 141, 151.
MATTRESSES,
p. 200.
MATHEW WHALEY SCHOOL,
p. 164, 165, 166, 167, 169, 176, 177, 181.
in Brafferton,
p. 170.
"MATTY" FUND,
p. 164, 173.
MAULE, Mr.,
p. 133.
MAULE & BEVELL,
p. 133.
MAYO, estates of,
p. 180.
MAYOR,
p. 117.
MEAGER, Mr.,
p. 38.
MEALS,
p. 60, 62, 63, 65.
MEAT,
p. 65.
MECHANICS,
p. 21, 73, 132, 170.
MEDAL, Botetourt,
p. 191.
MEETINGS,
first Council,
p. 17.
of visitors,
p. 133, 164.
MESSAGES,
p. 6, 7.
MICHAELMAS,
p. 24-a.
MICHEL, Francis Louis,
p. 19, 20.
MIDDLE PLANTATION,
p. 138, 139, 141, 142.
Old Fields,
p. 138, 141.
MILAN, Dome of,
p. 40.
MILITIA,
p. 16, 33, 69.
MILL POND,
p. 199.
MILLINGTON, Professor,
p. 36, 87, 89.
lithographs by,
p. 126.
MILLS, E.S. & Company,
p. 123.
MINGE, T.,
p. 146.
MINISTERS,
p. 43, 134, 164, 165.
MONAHAN, Thomas,
p. 123.
MONEY,
for building,
p. 3.
lack of,
p. 4.
MONROE, James,
p. 114.
MONUMENTS,
p, 107.
Botetourt's,
p. 139, 190.
chapel,
p. 77.
new Randolph,
p. 204.
Sir John Randolph's,
p. 192, 196, 201, 202, 203, 208, 209, 210.
MOODY, Mr.,
p. 68.
MORDECAI, Samuel,
p. 192.
MORRIS,
Henry M.,
p. 123.
John,
p. 89.
22.
MORRISON, Robert J.,
p. 65, 70, 106, 113, 120, 130, 133, 137, 141, 144, 146, 149, 151, 194, 201.
house of,
p. 153, 155.
MORTAR,
p. 195.
MOSBY, Capt.,
p. 153.
MOTES, Capt.,
p. 38.
MOULDS, brick,
p. 9.
MULLIKIN, Mr.,
p. 10.
MUNFORD, John D.,
p. 117, 118.
MURAL MONUMENTS,
p. 107.
MURDAUGH, Rev. Edmund,
p. 97.
MURPHY, John,
p. 133.
MUSCHAMP, George,
p. 13.
MUTUAL ASSURANCE SOCIETY,
p. 71, 90.
N.
NAILS,
p. 20, 63, 87, 174.
cut,
p. 199.
NARINE, Mr.,
p. 136.
NATURAL PHILOSOPHY,
p. 91, 135, 151.
NAVAL OFFICERS,
p. 36.
NECESSARY,
p. 67.
NEGROES,
p. 105.
quarters for,
p. 53.
NELSON,
John,
p. 61.
Robert,
p. 61, 194, 198, 201, 202.
Thomas,
p. 61.
William,
p. 188.
NEW YORK,
p. 38, 122.
NEWMAN, W.H. & Company,
p. 123.
NEWSPAPERS,
p. 116, 18, 166.
NICHOLSON, Governor Francis,
p. 4, 13, 14, 16, 18, 24, 37, 38, 39, 138, 140, 142, 144.
charges against,
p. 20, 22, 23.
leaves Virginia,
p. 32.
NORFOLK, Va.,
p. 110, 111, 118, 132, 159, 200.
borough of,
p. 205.
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE, England,
p. 204.
NORTH END, main building,
p. 52, 172.
NOTT, Governor Edward,
p. 24, 36, 37.
NOVA SCOTIA,
p. 95.
O.
OAKS,
p. 71.
live,
p. 126.
OBOES,
p. 19.
OBSERVATORY,
p. 127.
OFFICERS, naval,
p. 36.
OFFICES,
p. 127, 140, 172.
clerk of Council,
p. 23.
clerk of House of Burgesses,
p. 23.
23.
professors,
p. 135, 145.
Secretary's,
p. 18, 23, 24-a, 35.
see a1so,
OUTHOUSES
ORATIONS,
p. 191, 192.
ORATORS,
p. 147.
ORDERS, of Council,
p. 8.
ORDINARY KEEPERS,
p. 30.
ORDNANCE, pieces of,
p. 16.
ORDWEY, A.,
p. 174.
ORNAMENTS,
p. 124.
OSBORNE, DR. Nathaniel,
p. 111.
OSBURN, Mr.,
p. 121.
OTWAY, Mr.,
p. 188.
OUTHOUSES, college,
p. 26, 52, 55, 94, 153, 175.
damages to,
p. 155.
repair of,
p. 51.
OVENS,
kitchen,
p. 24-a.
outdoor,
p. 24-a .
OVERSEERS ,
p. 29, 132.
OWEN, Mr.,
p. 58.
P.
PADLOCKS,
p. 53.
PAGAN Peter,
p. 12.
PAGE,
Mr.,
p. 33.
Gregory,
p. 192.
John,
p. 192.
Matthew,
p. 4.
Peyton,
p. 105.
PAILS,
p. 9.
PAINT,
p. 92, 94, 129, 174.
oil,
p. 91.
PAINTERS,
p. 25, 133.
PAINTING,
p. 76, 79, 83, 91, 94, 97, 98, 183.
PALACE, Governor's,
p. 64, 68, 139, 140, 143, 189.
lot for,
p. 181.
PALACE GREEN,
p. 139, 143, 186.
PALACE STREET,
p. 139, 143.
PALINGS,
p. 58, 72, 83, 89.
paint for,
p. 92, 94.
PALISADES,
p. 153.
PANELS, fence,
p. 58.
PANES,
p. 79, 80-a, 84.
window,
p. 173.
PANTRY,
p. 16.
PAPERS,
p. 10, 128.
PARADISE HOUSE,
p. 188.
PARK, Col.,
p. 15.
PARKE, Col.,
p. 6.
PARKS,
p. 52.
PARTITIONS,
p. 50, 64, 84.
stable,
p 59.
PASSAGES,
p. 72, 78, 88, 91.
bricklayers,
p. 10.
24.
lighting of,
p. 78.
lower,
p. 153.
secret,
p. 35.
upper,
p. 78, 83.
PASTORS,
p. 77.
PASTURAGE,
p. 49.
PASTURES, college,
p. 50, 52.
PATENTS, royal,
p. 47.
PATTERSON,
J.A.,
p. 122.
T.A.,
p. 122.
PAVEMENT, chapel,
p. 182.
PAVING STONES,
p. 6.
PAXSON, S. C.,
p. 123.
PEACHY,
Mr.,
p. 170, 171.
William S.,
p. 118, 148.
PEDESTAL, status,
p. 68.
PENINSULA, evacuation of,
p. 155.
PERRY,
Mr.,
accounts of,
p. 10, 12.
Micajah,
p. 3, 10, 11, 50.
Richard,
p. 11, 50.
PERSIAN,
p. 200.
PETERSBURG, Va.,
p. 70, 159, 180.
PETITIONS,
p. 19, 50.
Major Allen's,
p. 37.
Visitors' & governor's,
p. 44.
PEWS, chapel,
p. 191.
PHILADELPHIA,
p. 191, 193.
PHILOMATHEAN SOCIETY,
p. 106, 108, 116.
PHILOSOPHICAL APPARATUS,
p. 94, 98, 107, 108.
PHILOSOPHICAL LABORATORY,
p. 108.
PHILOSOPHICAL LECTURE ROOM,
p. 79, 86, 87, 89.
PHILOSOPHY,
p. 43.
natura1,
p. 135.
professors of,
p. 49, 151.
PHOENIX LITERARY SOCIETY,
p. 108, 116.
PHYSICIANS,
p. 64, 193.
PIAZZAS,
p. 27, 29, 52, 60, 97, 134.
door to,
p. 26, 40.
fire on,
p. 28.
PICTURES,
p. 40, 108, 126.
Botetourt's,
p. 191.
PIERS, chapel,
p. 190.
PIGEON HOUSE,
p. 101.
PILLOWS,
p. 200.
PINE,
p. 24-a.
PIRATES, money from,
p. 5.
PLANK,
p. 23, 80, 196.
PLANS,
128, 172.
alterations to,
p. 121, 122.
for rebuilding,
p. 118, 119, 124, 125, 127.
Gov. Nicholson's,
p. 144.
ground,
p. 111, 134, 136.
new,
103, 122.
of city of Williamsburg,
p. 138, 139, 140, 143.
25.
rejected,
p. 119.
PLANTATIONS,
p. 43, 101.
PLANTERS,
p. 28.
PLASTER,
p. 59, 72, 85.
PLASTERERS,
p. 21, 133.
PLASTERING,
p. 87, 89, 90, 94, 136, 137, 177.
PLATER, George,
p. 13.
PLATES, coffin,
p. 187, 198.
PLATFORMS,
p. 98, 129, 198.
PLAY-BILLS,
p. 188.
POCOCKE, Mr.,
p. 10.
POLITICAL SCIENCE,
p. 141.
PONDS,
p. 80-a, 81, 82, 83, 102.
POPLARS,
p. 28.
PORCH,
p. 83, 94.
PORCH CHAMBERS,
p. 21.
PORTERS,
p. 50.
PORTICO, front,
p. 98.
PORTMANTEAUS,
p. 27.
PORTRAITS,
p. 98, 105, 107, 134, 154.
collection of,
p. 135.
POSTAGE,
p. 10.
POSTS,
p. 83.
dial,
p. 69.
POWDER,
p. 16.
POWDER MAGAZINE,
p. 140, 143.
PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT,
p. 161, 180.
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH,
p. 186.
PRESIDENT,
p. 4, 11, 41, 43, 45, 55, 57, 58, 59, 62, 66, 70, 71, 72, 73, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 82, 151, 162, 189.
apartments of,
p. 54.
lodgings for,
p. 55.
salary of,
p. 5.
to live in college,
p 16.
PRESIDENT'S HOUSE,
p. 52, 60, 69, 70, 80-a, 82, 36, 92, 104, 111, 126, 152, 133.
cellar of,
p. 81.
damages to,
p. 80-a, 155.
fire,
p. 66, 178.
fireplaces,
p. 83.
foundation laid,
p. 55, 56.
headquarters at,
p. 154.
kitchen to,
p. 70, 153.
painting of,
p. 4, 76.
rebuilding of,
p. 66.
repairs to,
p. 58, 94.
yard to,
p. 84, 94.
PRESIDENT & MASTERS,
meeting of,
p. 60.
PRESSES,
p. 80-a.
PRICE, William H.,
p. 122.
PRINCE WILLIAM County,
p. 113.
PRIVATEERS, money from,
p. 10.
PRIVILEGES,
p. 53, 54.
26.
PROCESSION, funeral,
p. 189.
PROCLAMATIONS, king's death,
p. 19.
PROFESSORS,
p. 43, 59, 62, 64, 80-a, 86, 90, 94, 136, 161, 162, 179, 182.
chemistry,
p. 151.
German,
p. 151.
Greek,
p. 151.
history,
p. 151.
humanity,
p. 76.
language,
p. 151.
Latin,
p. 151.
law,
p. 151.
mathematics,
p. 61, 134, 137, 141, 151.
moral & natural philosophy,
p. 151.
of university learning,
p. 49.
offices for,
p. 127, 135, 145.
philosophy & mathematics,
p. 49.
tobacco for,
p. 65.
PROPAGATION OF FAITH,
p. 43.
PROPERTY,
college,
p. 154, 163, 180, 181, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187.
Preparatory school,
p. 180, 181.
Saunders,
p. 180.
PROVISIONS,
p. 7.
PUBLIC TIMES,
p. 24, 195.
PULPIT,
p. 190.
PUMPS,
p. 94.
patent,
p. 178.
PUNISHMENTS,
p. 57.
PUPILS, English,
p. 49, 50.
Q.
QUADRANGLE,
p. 23, 24.
levelling of,
p. 56.
QUARTER,
Col. Jenings',
p. 28.
negroes,
p. 53.
servants,
p. 53.
QUEEN'S CREEK,
p. 42.
QUIT-RENTS,
p. 5, 47.
appropriation from,
p. 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48.
R.
RAFTERS,
p. 99.
RAIDS, cavalry,
p. 157.
RANDALL, Henry S.,
p. 194.
RANDOLPH,
Lady,
p. 196.
Mrs. Betty,
p. 198, 202.
Edmund,
p. 191, 193, 200, 203.
Harry,
p. 35.
27.
Henry,
p. 25.
John,
p. 194, 197, 198, 200.
Sir John,
p. 107, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 210.
Peyton,
p. 114, 191, 193, 194, 198, 200, 202, 206, 207.
William,
p. 4, 204.
RAPPAHANNOCK,
p. 126.
RATES,
p. 65.
RAVINES,
p. 81.
READING,
p. 164.
rooms for,
p. 145.
REBUILDING, of college,
p. 45, 46, 47, 48, 103, 111, 112, 115, 116, 118, 119, 120, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 140, 144, 168, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 181.
completed,
p. 133.
in Williamsburg,
p. 161.
plans for,
p. 121, 122.
resolutions of citizens on,
p. 117, 118.
urged,
p. 44, 45.
RECEIPTS,
p. 5.
RECEIVER GENERAL,
p. 44, 45, 46, 47.
RECORDS,
removal of, from James City,
p. 18.
removal to college of,
p. 17.
William & Mary college,
p. 23, 105, 107, 108, 150, 154, 166, 167.
Society,
p. 80-a.
RECTORS,
p. 3, 4, 13, 14, 33, 38, 110, 111, 119, 150.
REDWOOD, Mr.,
p. 39.
REFEREE,
p. 110.
REGIMENTS,
p. 154.
REGULATIONS,
p. 53, 57, 62, 63, 93.
REID & NASH,
p. 123.
REMOVAL, of college,
p. 160, 161, 162.
RENT ROLLS,
p. 17.
RENTS,
p. 55, 148, 149, 182, 185, 186
house,
p. 66.
room,
p. 65.
REPAIRS,
p. 64, 66, 67, 70, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 79, 80, 82, 83, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 94, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 117, 118, 137, 147, 148, 164, 183, 185, 186.
College Hotel,
p. 163.
committee of,
p. 80, 80-a, 81, 83, 94, 95.
cost of,
p. 164.
expenses of,
p. 85.
interior,
p. 75.
school house,
p. 6.
REPASTS,
p. 97.
REPORTS,
architects,
p. 129.
builders,
p. 129.
building committee,
p. 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178.
bursars,
p. 162, 180, 186.
Congressional,
p. 107.
faculty,
p. 164.
on condition of college, 1862,
p. 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162.
28.
President's,
p. 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187.
Trustees,
p. 3.
REPRIMANDS,
p. 19.
RESOLUTIONS,
on fire of 1859,
p. 113, 114, 115, 116.
on rebuilding of college,
p. 117, 118.
RESTORATION, cost of,
p. 168.
REVENUES, college,
p. 11, 43, 44, 55, 159.
account of,
p. 12.
pasture,
p. 50.
penny per pound,
p. 12.
quit rents,
p. 45, 46, 47, 48.
REVOLUTIONARY WAR,
p. 68, 155, 193, 202.
RICHARDS, George,
p. 11.
RICHARDSON, Mr.,
p. 182.
RICHMOND,
p. 70, 113, 118, 119, 121, 128, 132, 133, 157, 158, 160, 166, 169, 180, 204.
RICHMOND ENQUIRER,
p. 116.
RICHMOND ROAD,
p. 82.
RICHMOND WHIG,
p. 178.
RICHMOND & DANVILLE Railroad Company,
p. 159.
RICKMAN, Dr. William,
p. 64.
RIDLEY, Mr.,
p. 110, 111.
RIOTS,
p. 60, 78, 80, 83, 85, 88.
RIVERS,
p. 67.
RIVES, Col. Alfred L.,
p. 169, 172.
ROADS,
p. 20, 27, 28, 153.
ponds in,
p. 80-a.
ROBERTS, William D. Jr., & Company,
p. 148.
ROBERTSON, Mr.,
p. 35.
ROBINSON, Mr.,
p. 58.
ROGERS, William Barton,
p. 126.
ROOF,
p. 4, 5, 29, 30, 31, 34, 35, 67, 69, 70, 72, 125, 144, 170, 172, 173, 182, 183.
Brafferton,
p. 153.
fire on,
p. 25, 27.
flat,
p. 75.
French,
p. 178.
painting of,
p. 79.
repairs to,
p. 148.
tin for,
p. 73.
ROOFING,
p. 148.
ROOMS,
p. 24, 74, 75, 98, 99, 173, 175, 182, 185.
allocation of,
p. 61.
basement,
p. 147.
Blue,
p. 80-a, 88, 98, 105, 107.
class,
p. 91.
common,
p. 59.
convocation,
p. 50.
debating society,
p. 95.
dining,
p. 92, 105.
for Indians,
p. 17.
great,
p. 57.
housekeeper's,
p. 51.
infirmary in,
p. 61.
29.
lecture,
p. 78, 79, 80-a, 88, 89, 97, 98, 105, 127, 130, 134, 135, 140, 144, 172.
mathematical lecture,
p. 91.
philosophical,
p. 86, 89.
masters,
p. 59, 60.
offer of, to governor and council,
p. 15.
outer,
p. 22.
private,
p. 57.
professors,
p. 59, 60.
recitation,
p. 169.
rent for,
p. 65.
school,
p. 24.
students,
p. 57, 71, 74, 83, 89, 93, 99, 104, 108, 116.
third floor,
p. 68.
upper,
p. 88.
see also,
APARTMENTS, CHAMBERS.
ROSTRUM,
p. 136.
ROWLAND & BANKS,
p. 123.
ROYAL AFRICAN COMPANY,
p. 36.
RUBBING STONES,
p. 7.
RUINS, of college,
p. 139, 143.
RULES,
p. 57, 63.
RUMFORDIZING,
p. 83.
RUSSELL, ERWIN & Company,
p. 123.
S.
SADDLES,
p. 27.
ST. JAMES,
p. 45, 47.
SALARIES,
p. 5, 7, 8, 11, 12.
architects',
p. 129.
faculty,
p. 151.
professors,
p. 160, 161, 179.
SAMPSON, George G.,
p. 123.
SAND,
p. 130, 173, 174.
SANDS, Mr.,
p. 76.
SANTUS & BROTHERS,
p. 173, 174.
SASH,
p. 54, 78, 84, 88, 91.
new,
p. 72.
SASH GLASS,
p. 51.
SAUNDERS,
Mr.,
p. 64, 91.
Professor,
p. 91.
John,
p. 59.
Robert,
p. 117, 118, 181, 185.
house,
p. 181, 185.
lot,
p. 180, 186.
property,
p. 180, 183.
SAVAGE, Richard,
p. 9, 10.
SAWYERS,
p. 7, 8, 9, 10, 174.
SCANDALS,
p. 54.
SCANTLING,
p. 65, 80.
SCARBURGH, Charles,
p. 4, 18.
30.
SCHACHT, Frederick,
p. 133.
SCHIEFLIN, James L.,
p. 123.
SCIENCES,
p. 43.
SCHOLARS,
p. 16, 20, 43, 64.
grammar school,
p. 4.
liberties of,
p. 53.
lodgings for,
p. 55.
table for,
p. 51.
to board in college,
p. 16.
SCHOOLHOUSE,
p. 164, 177.
repairs to,
p. 6.
SCHOOLMASTER,
p. 4, 10.
SCHOOLS,
p. 39, 40, 55, 58.
classical,
p. 84, 86.
Divinity,
p. 53.
free,
p. 167.
grammar,
p. 4, 86.
Mathew Whaley,
p. 164, 165, 166, 167, 169, 176, 177, 181.
preparatory,
p. 180.
trustees of,
p. 186.
SCOTT, Mr.,
p. 114.
SCREWS,
p. 199.
SCRIBNERS, Charles,
p. 123.
SCROLLS,
p. 153.
SEALS, college,
p. 10, 43, 105, 135, 154.
SEATS,
p. 97.
SECRETARY,
p. 17, 18, 113.
SECRETARY'S OFFICE,
p. 18, 23, 24-a, 35.
SECURITIES,
p. 156, 157, 183.
SEMINARY,
p. 43.
SEMPLE,
Mrs.,
p. 88.
Judge,
p. 78.
SERMONS,
p. 55, 202.
SERVANTS,
p. 20, 29, 30, 63, 83, 100, 104, 106.
college,
p. 51.
quarters for,
p. 53.
SERVICE,
p. 189.
SEWERS,
p. 67, 81, 82.
SEYMOUR, Col.,
p. 38.
SHANDS, Mr.,
p. 180.
SHANDY,
p. 90.
SHEATHING, close,
p. 170.
SHELLS,
p. 7, 8, 9.
SHERIFFS,
p. 16.
SHERLOCK, James,
p. 8.
SHERWOOD FOREST,
p. 119.
SHIELDS, Mr.,
p. 61.
SHINGLER, Col.,
p. 152.
SHINGLES,
p. 4, 10, 34, 70, 75, 79, 83, 84, 90, 91.
SHOT,
p. 16.
SHOVELS, fire,
p. 150.
SHROUDS, lutestring,
p. 200.
SIDES,
p. 3.
SIGNS, tavern,
p. 103.
SILLS,
granite,
p. 171.
window,
p. 136, 173.
31.
SILVER,
p. 200.
SILVER GILT,
p. 198.
SINCOCK, John,
p. 19.
SITE,
p. 139, 140.
SKELETONS,
p. 201.
SKIMINO,
p. 28.
SKINS & FURS, account of,
p. 12.
SLATE,
p. 170, 173, 174, 178, 182, 183.
SLATERS,
p. 133.
SLAVES,
p. 63.
SMALL, William,
p. 59.
SMITH,
Christopher,
p. 49.
G.,
p. 146.
John,
p. 4.
Patrick,
p. 10.
SMOKE,
p. 39.
SMOKE HOUSES,
p. 26, 29, 90.
SNEAD,
Mr.,
p. 121.
Professor,
p. 174.
Thomas T. L.,
p. 113, 124.
SNYDER, Frederick,
p. 133.
SOCIETIES,
p. 63, 69, 72, 73, 76, 77, 78, 80, 82, 86, 88, 190.
debating,
p. 95.
Franklinean,
p. 74, 75, 80.
literary,
p. 99.
Philomathean,
p. 106, 116.
Phoenix,
p. 116.
SOCIETY HALLS,
p. 74, 98, 99, 100, 127, 129, 135, 145, 172.
SOCKET, wooden candle,
p. 105.
SOLDIERS,
p. 64, 65, 66.
SOUTH CAROLINA,
p. 152.
SOUTHALL,
Mrs.,
p. 154.
Virginia,
p. 122.
SOUTHERN ARGUS,
p. 118, 199, 200.
SOUTHSEA, Mr.,
p. 56.
SOUTTER, James T.,
p. 122.
SPADES,
p. 9.
SPEAKER, House of Burgesses,
p. 28, 34, 198, 205, 206.
SPECIFICATIONS,
p. 128, 168.
for rebuilding,
p. 103, 124, 125, 127.
SPEECHES, governor's,
p. 32.
SPENCER, William,
p. 185.
SPOTSWOOD, Gov. Alexander,
p. 24, 48, 49, 53, 134, 137, 138, 140, 142, 143, 144.
SPRAGUE, W. B.,
p. 123.
STABLES,
p. 58, 103.
dimensions of,
p. 59.
STAGE, chapel,
p. 195.
STAIRCASE,
p. 61, 135.
STAIRS,
p. 26, 30, 34, 35.
back,
p. 25.
great,
p. 36.
kitchen,
p. 21.
private,
p. 19.
small,
p. 35.
32.
STAIRWAY,
p. 95.
new,
p. 99.
STALLS,
p. 59.
STAPLES,
p. 58.
STARKE, Mr.,
p. 64.
STATUE, Botetourt's,
p. 68, 69, 126, 191.
STEEPLE, church,
p. 102.
STEPS,
p. 52.
college,
p. 57, 85.
back,
p. 90.
granite,
p. 92.
new,
p. 98.
STEWARD, college,
p. 63, 65, 74, 77, 82, 84, 88, 90, 92, 149, 154, 182, 185.
STEWART, A.T.,
p. 123.
STILES,
p. 85.
STITH, Mr.,
p. 55.
STOCKS,
p. 158, 159, 179.
STONES,
paving,
p. 6.
rubbing,
p. 7.
STOOL, of bricks,
p. 15.
STORE, Vest's,
p. 177.
STORE ROOMS,
p. 63.
STORY, third,
p. 99, 121.
STOVES,
p. 71, 89, 91, 105.
STREETS,
p. 25, 31, 67, 81, 139, 143.
STRINGFELLOW, Charles, S.,
p. 180.
STRINGLUFF & COMPANY,
p. 173.
STUBBS, James N.,
p. 113, 116.
STUART, Mr.,
p. 61.
STUDENTS,
p. 57, 86, 88, 93, 127, 136, 178, 179, 182, 185, 192, 199, 204.
losses of,
p. 114.
meeting of,
p. 113.
STURGES, Jonathan,
p. 122.
SUBSCRIPTIONS,
p. 96, 97, 161, 173, 175.
for rebuilding,
p. 117, 118.
SUPERINTENDENT,
asylum,
p. 154.
of building,
p. 132.
SUPPER,
p. 57, 63.
SURRY COUNTY,
p. 174.
SURVEYOR GENERAL,
p. 44.
SURVEYORS,
p. 7, 8, 9.
of building,
p. 13, 14.
SWANN, J.,
p. 146.
SWEM, Earl G.,
p. 1, 92.
SWITZERLAND,
p. 19, 20.
SWORDS,
p. 27.
T.
TABLE, college,
p. 21, 41, 50, 51, 63, 64, 73, 74.
TABLES,
p. 38, 60, 89.
TABLETS,
chapel,
p. 106, 107, 201, 202.
mural, Madison's,
p. 201.
Randolph's,
p. 204.
Sir John Randolph's,
p. 208, 209, 210.
33.
TACKS,
p. 196.
TALIAFERRO,
Professor,
p. 149, 154, 158, 160.
Edwin,
p. 113.
Major R.,
p. 58.
Gen. W. B.,
p. 183, 184.
TALIAFERRO & COMPANY,
p. 122.
TANKARDS, silver,
p. 27.
TANNER & Company,
p. 122.
TAR,
p. 9.
TAVERNS,
p. 103.
TAYLOE, William,
p. 105.
TAYLOR,
Mr.,
p. 126.
Tazewell,
p. 126, 156, 157, 162.
William,
p. 132.
TEAMS,
p. 173.
TENANTS,
p. 80-a.
TENGRELOW, Capt.,
p. 38.
TESTIMONY, on burning of college,
p. 24-a, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31.
THACHER,
Mr.,
p. 35.
C. C.,
p. 31.
THACKER, James,
p. 68.
THICKET,
p. 29.
THOMPSON,
John R.,
p. 164.
P. M.,
p. 183.
THOMAS, William H.,
p. 132.
THRACKSTON & COLLINS,
p. 122.
TILTON, James,
p. 67.
TIMBER,
p. 23, 71, 130.
preparation of,
p. 47.
TIMBERS,
p. 87, 107, 129.
TIN,
p. 73, 197.
TOBACCO,
p. 5, 11, 42, 65.
TODD, Mr.,
p. 61.
TOMKIES, C.,
p. 146.
TONGS, fire,
p. 50.
TOOLS,
p. 7.
TOTTEN, Professor,
p. 95, 97, 98, 103, 108, 110, 120, 122, 124, 128.
report of,
p. 192.
TOWERS,
p. 19, 124, 127, 146, 153, 169, 174.
TRANSFER,
p. 134.
illuminated copy of,
p. 136.
TRAP-DOOR,
p. 199.
TREASURER,
p. 10, 205.
TREAT, COOK & COMPANY,
p. 173.
TREATS, public,
p. 23.
TREDWELL, WHITCOMB & COMPANY,
p. 122.
TREES,
p. 28, 90, 97, 125, 126.
TREGIAN, Capt.,
p. 6.
TRESPASSERS,
p. 186.
TROOPS,
Federal,
p. 52.
French,
p. 66, 178.
militia,
p. 33.
34.
TRUSTEES, college,
p. 3, 15.
TRUSTEES & GOVERNORS,
of college,
p. 33, 43, 44, 139, 142.
school,
p. 186.
TUCKER,
Henry St. George,
p. 69.
Judge N.B.,
p. 90.
St. George,
p. 69.
TYLER,
Mr.,
p. 171.
Henry,
p. 29.
John,
p. 74, 114, 119, 121, 126, 150.
Lyon G.,
p. 52, 202, 204.
W.,
p. 146.
U.
UNDERTAKERS,
p., 55, 58, 64.
UNITED STATES,
Army,
p. 152, 158.
Military Academy,
123, 128.
Military authorities,
p. 155, 163.
USHERS,
p. 10, 16.
grammar school,
p. 4.
V.
VACATIONS,
p. 51, 64, 164.
VANDERVOORT & DUBOIS,
p. 122.
VAULTS,
chapel,
p. 127, 136, 145, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210.
identification of,
p. 193, 194.
opening of,
p. 192, 194.
VELVET,
p. 200.
"VENICE PRESERVED", (play),
p. 188.
VEST, W.W.,
p. 177.
VICTUALS,
p. 21, 57, 59.
VIOLINISTS,
p. 19.
VIRGINIA, tobacco exports from,
p. 5.
VIRGINIA COMPANY, of comedians,
p. 188.
VIRGINIA GAZETTE,
p. 129.
VISITORS,
p. 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51.
VISITORS,
p. 45, 46, 47, 49, 50, 51.
VISITORS & GOVERNORS,
board of,
p. 4, 44, 45, 46, 47, 73, 92, 110, 111, 116, 121, 124, 125, 126, 147, 149, 150, 156, 162, 163, 164, 195.
meeting of,
p. 184.
report to,
p. 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187.
resolutions of,
p. 183.
W.
WADDELL, DURFEY & LEACOCK,
p. 174.
WAGER, Dr.,
p. 154.
35.
WAGES,
p. 6, 7, 8, 9, 23.
WAINSCOAT,
p. 135.
chapel,
p. 190, 191.
WALKS,
p. 52.
WALLS,
P. 3, 4, 107, 118, 120, 125, 126, 127, 129, 133, 136, 137, 138, 140, 141, 144, 153, 154, 163, 169.
brick,
p. 25, 11, 111, 112, 113, 203.
thickness of,
p. 22.
chapel,
p. 190.
elevation of,
p. 122.
interior,
p. 174.
names on,
p. 146.
painted,
p. 129.
plastered,
p. 59.
rear,
p. 147.
WALNUT, for coffins,
p. 200.
WALSH, COULTER & Company,
p. 123.
WARRANTS,
p. 45, 46, 47.
WARS,
Between the States,
p. 52, 148, 149, 151, 152.
Revolutionary,
p. 68, 155.
WARSHIPS,
p. 19.
WARWICKSHIRE, England,
p. 204.
WASH, stone color,
p. 129.
WASHINGTON,
Mr.,
p. 98.
George,
p. 66, 136, 200.
WATCHES,
p. 26.
WATER,
p. 68, 80-a, 81, 102.
WAY, covered,
p. 94, 95.
WEEKLY GAZETTE, Williamsburg,
p. 118, 124, 128, 133, 146, 147.
WEIR, Walter
p. 113, 116.
WELLS,
p. 24-a, 56, 94.
WEST,
Mr.,
p. 130, 131.
Capt.,
p. 30.
Essee,
p. 132.
Capt. Nathaniel,
p. 39.
WHALEY, Mrs. Mary,
p. 164, 181.
WHARTON,
Mr.,
p. 33.
Dr.,
p. 179, 185.
WHATLEY, Mr.,
p. 29.
WHEATLEY, Mr.,
p. 33, 34, 35.
WHEELOCK, B. M. & Company,
p. 122.
WHISKY,
p. 153.
WHITE, Mr.,
p. 61.
WHITEWASH,
p. 64.
WICKET-DOOR,
p. 62.
WILLIAM III,
p. 5, 43.
death of,
p. 19.
foundation of college by,
p. 48.
gift of,
p. 10.
WILLIAMS,
Mr.,
p. 180.
Howell,
p. 122.
John L.,
p. 204.
WILLIAMSBURG,
p. 18, 37, 50, 58, 89, 93, 96, 100, 105, 115, 117, 120, 122, 124, 126, 133, 137, 138, 140, 142, 143, 154, 156, 161, 162, 166, 167.
battle of,
p. 152.
36.
description of,
p. 67.
evacuation of,
p. 152.
gunners stores moved to,
p. 16.
plan of,
p. 139, 140, 141, 142, 143.
WILLS,
Betty Randolph's,
p. 202, 203.
Mrs., Mary Whaley's,
p. 164.
WILMER,
Mrs.,
p. 76.
Dr.,
p. 76, 77.
WILSON, Col.,
p. 36.
WINDOWS,
p. 27, 30, 31, 79, 80-a, 97, 99, 101, 104, 105, 106, 108, 124, 134, 163, 171, 172, 182.
alterations to,
p. 129, 136.
blocking of,
p. 153.
boarded,
p. 60.
chapel,
p. 190.
damages to,
p. 84, 88.
dormer,
p. 52, 125.
frames of,
p. 94, 170.
glass for,
p. 183.
lowering of,
p. 124.
new,
p. 96.
panes of,
p. 173.
repair of,
p. 51.
sills of,
p. 136, 173.
WINGS,
p. 5, 52, 56, 68, 83, 85, 89, 98, 106, 108, 116, 126, 135.
north,
p. 130, 135, 147, 172, 202.
south,
p. 202.
WISE,
Mrs.,
p. 121.
Governor H. A.,
p. 119, 126.
Dr. R. A.,
p. 182.
WITHERS, R.,
p. 123.
WOLFE, DASH & Company,
p. 123.
WOLFE, Udolpho,
p. 123.
WOODWORK,
p. 91, 107.
painting of,
p. 94.
WORKMEN,
p. 6, 47, 54, 58, 72, 76, 80, 111, 129, 132, 133, 137, 164, 173, 174, 177.
contracts with,
p. 10.
diet of,
p. 6.
unskilled,
p. 23.
WREN, Sir Christopher,
p. 53, 69, 134, 137.
WRITING,
p. 164.
WRITING MASTER,
p. 4, 7, 16.
WYTHE, George,
p. 146.
X-Y-Z
YARDS,
p. 83, 89, 94, 97, 153, 175.
fortification of,
p. 153.
paling of,
p. 58.
President's,
p. 84, 94.
Matty school,
p. 181.
37.
YATES, Mr.,
p. 61.
YORK RIVER,
p. 67.
YORKTOWN,
battle of,
p. 178.
centennial at,
p. 179.
YOUNG,
Mr.,
p. 28, 29.
Mrs.,
p. 21.
John,
p. 27, 30.
William,
p. 28, 39.

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